The inclusion of legumes in crop rotations can provide numerous benefits to crop productivity and environmental sustainability. However, these benefits have primarily been documented in systems that involve regular fertilization, limiting our understanding of legume effects under low-input or long-term unfertilized conditions. Though soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the globally most important cultivated legumes, data on its effect on subsequent common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop in low-input European systems are scarce. This study builds on long-term historically consistent trails of two rotation systems: maize-winter wheat (M-W) and maize-soybean-winter wheat (M-S-W) under rainfed conditions on a Chernozem in Serbia, maintained without fertilization for over 70 years. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of soybean as pre-crop on wheat yield and yield components and accumulation of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in grain. Over five growing seasons, the soybean pre-crop effect resulted in a grain yield increase ranging from 43% to 301%. Results showed that three-fold higher soil mineral N promoted productive tillering, spike development and grain setting in M-S-W. Two-year data on micronutrient concentrations in grain revealed significantly higher levels of Zn and Cu in M-S-W, as well as grain protein content. However, the yield dilution effect in the M-S-W rotation led to reduced levels for both Fe and Mn in one growing season. This long-term field experiment underscores the agronomic and environmental significance of soybean-based rotations, enhancing soil N fertility and carbon sequestration, and offering a sustainable solution for winter wheat production.

In this paper, we are concerned with the following Dirichlet problems for nonlinear equations involving the fractional $p$-Laplacian:

\begin{equation*}\begin{cases}(-\Delta)_p^\alpha u=f(x,u,\nabla u),\ \ u \gt 0,\ \ \text{in}\ \ E,\\\ \ \ \ \ \ u\equiv0, \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{in}\ \ \mathbb{R}^{n}\setminus E,\end{cases}\end{equation*}

where $E \subseteq \mathbb{R}^{n}$ is a coercive epigraph, i.e., there exists a continuous function $\phi: \, \mathbb{R}^{n-1} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ satisfying

\begin{equation*}\lim_{|x'|\rightarrow+\infty}\phi(x')=+\infty,\end{equation*}

such that $E:=\{x=(x',x_{n}) \in \mathbb{R}^{n}|\,x_{n} \gt \phi(x')\}$, where $x':= (x_{1},...,x_{n-1}) \in \mathbb{R}^{n-1}$. Under some mild assumptions on the nonlinearity $f(x,u,\nabla u)$, we prove strict monotonicity of positive solutions to the above Dirichlet problems involving fractional $p$-Laplacian in coercive epigraph $E$.

The aim of the current exploratory study was to understand the experiences of Canadian Jewish older adults following the October 7, 2023 attack and the Israel–Hamas war. Relying on a qualitative approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 older adults (ages 65–92; 60% women) and with 11 service providers (ages 33–67; 72% women) who work with Jewish older adults in the greater Vancouver area. Participants were deeply affected by the October 7 attack and the ensuing Israel–Hamas war. Furthermore, they experienced the public discourse surrounding the attack and the war as anti-Israeli and at times antisemitic, upending their sense of safety and belonging. Some individuals were doubly impacted by these events, among them Holocaust survivors and their offspring and Jewish older adults who were LGBTQ+. Future avenues are suggested for improving the well-being of Jewish older adults living in the Diaspora in the current political and social climate.

Many studies have shown that individuals who interact with government programs subsequently participate in politics at levels different from before, whether higher or lower. While most prior work examines the effect of policy recipiency, or program administration in one geographic location or at one snapshot in time, I study how the administration of Medicaid, a federal program administered by states, varies over time and by place, and how its variation in administration affects mass-level voter turnout. I argue that there are two highly salient sites of contact with the administrative state when considering effects on voter turnout: government programs and elections. I theorize that administrative burden from these sites creates interpretive effects on both those with direct public program experience and those whose experience is indirect, which shapes the likelihood of voting. Using a generalized differences-in-differences design and applying my separate, original measures of Medicaid and electoral burdens, I find that having a higher level of Medicaid burden resulted in a small but significant decrease in county-level turnout in recent national elections, net of Medicaid expansion status, burdens associated with registering to vote and voting, and other factors. These results imply that contact with the administrative state, via government program administration and elections, is a critical way in which policies shape mass-level political participation.

Good keeping quality (KQ) is a critical trait for sustaining potato cultivation under subtropical conditions, where post-harvest losses significantly impact profitability. To support breeding for improved KQ, a targeted evaluation of variability in key contributing traits was undertaken using a diverse germplasm set of 540 accessions of Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum. The study utilized data from 2010 to 2020, incorporating control varieties Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Dewa and Kufri Ashoka. Evaluation was performed using an augmented design with appropriate data transformations to mitigate annual environmental variations treated as block effects. The adjusted means revealed substantial phenotypic variation in sprouting (34.93%), firmness (20.77%), weight loss (27.32%), rottage (75.43%) and total weight loss (25.44%). Significant genotypic differences were observed for total weight loss and sprouting. Principal component analysis reduced data dimensionality, with the first three components accounting for 86.3% of the total variance. Biplots were generated using eigenvalues and eigenvectors to visualize the distribution of accessions based on KQ traits. Genotypes clustered in favourable zones on the biplots, enabling the identification of 18 superior keeping germplasm accessions: CP3151, CP3134, CP3117, CP3208, CP3211, CP3590, CP3515, CP3702, CP3336, CP3661, CP3514, CP4214, CP4229, CP4514, CP3588, CP3639, CP3795 and Kufri Dewa. The findings identify valuable parental material for breeding programs targeting improved post-harvest resilience in potato cultivars suited to the subtropical plains.

This article critically re-examines the long-standing dominance of constructivism in debates concerning the epistemic reliability of religious experience. It argues that the epistemic reliability of such experiences can be more supported not through a strictly cognitivistic framework, but rather through an embodied approach. By interpreting religious experience from the perspective of embodied cognition, this article offers a possible resolution to the prolonged impasse between religious-experience-based epistemology and constructivism. Moreover, it proposes not merely a compatibility between the two paradigms, but the potential for an integrative framework that moves beyond their traditional opposition.

This article proposes a mixed-method approach to examine historical censuses with regard to race. It does so by exploring various kinds of demographic records from nineteenth-century Buenos Aires in order to test the conventional hypothesis of a significant census underenumeration of the city’s population of African descent. Starting from the overall progression of census results, the article is divided into three parts. The first of these deals with potential under-coverage, the second with the possibility of classificatory changes, and the third with vital statistics, largely derived from parish books. With special attention to two censuses of the 1850s, it concludes that Buenos Aires’s Afro-descendant population likely did suffer serious demographic decline between 1840 and 1890.

Parasitoids play a key role in biological control, regulating pest populations in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Their efficiency depends on a thorough understanding of host–parasitoid interactions. Among these, the functional response, the relationship between parasitism rate and host density, plays a critical role. Despite a well-established background, challenges remain in experimental design, model selection, and parameter estimation for functional response analysis in parasitoids. This study aims to provide a practical guide to addressing these challenges. We outline key considerations in experimental design, including the selection of model organisms and initial host densities. For model selection, we present methods to differentiate between Type II and Type III functional responses, identifying the best-fitting models for parasitoids. In parameter estimation, we present an example demonstrating the application of functional response models for each type, including parameter estimation to guide model choice. Additionally, we provide equations and code based on published data to facilitate parameter comparisons. This guide provides a structured framework for experimental design, parameter estimation, and model selection in functional response studies, which is adaptable to various host–parasitoid interactions. By enhancing methodological rigour, we aim to support researchers in improving the precision and applicability of functional response analyses in parasitoid research.

This study examined whether mothers with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SZSD) or mothers with bipolar disorder express less warmth, and more criticism compared to controls and whether mothers’ expressed warmth and criticism are associated with child self-esteem and mental health outcomes. Sixty mothers with SZSD, 60 mothers with bipolar disorder, and 60 control mothers, and their 7-year-old children were included from The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7. Expressed warmth and criticism were evaluated by coding Five Minute Speech Samples using the Family Affective Attitudes Rating Scale. Child self-esteem was assessed with the “I Think I Am.” Child global functioning was assessed with the Children’s Global Assessment Scale, mental health with the Child Behavior Checklist School-age version, and KIDSCREEN-10 captured quality of life. Results showed that mothers with SZSD and mothers with bipolar disorder did not differ from controls on expressed warmth or criticism. Across groups, expressed criticism showed robust associations with poorer child mental health outcomes also when controlling for child sex and maternal functioning. Diagnostic status did not affect maternal expressed warmth or criticism toward their child. However, because more expressed criticism can be associated with adverse child outcomes, interventions promoting more positive interpretations may aid child mental health.

This paper responds to Rosolini’s suggestion to use the ultracompletion of a category as a way to understand versions of conceptual completeness. Over 50 years ago, Kock and Mikkelsen observed in effect that one obtains ultracompletions of the category of sets by factorising ultrapower functors. They gave a concrete description of the factorisation under what they recognised were special conditions. In parallel work, Volger obtained a different description using categorical logic. Here, I revisit these ideas using Tripos Theory and show in particular that any left exact functor of toposes admits a Kock–Mikkelsen factorisation. In this reading, the ultracompletion appears amongst the various regular and exact completions which have been studied in particular by members of the Italian Category Theory School.