Compliance with court decisions is essential for the rule of law. Generally, regimes comply with decisions that serve their interests; however, compliance with decisions against government interests is less certain. In 1947–2005 and 2014–2023, the Supreme Court of Pakistan (SCP) decided many politically important cases in favour of the prevailing authoritarian and hybrid regimes. However, between 2005 and 2013, although the SCP reached decisions against the government’s interests in politically important cases, the government still complied. Why would authoritarian and hybrid regimes, such as those in Pakistan between 2005 and 2013, comply with decisions in politically important cases that were against their interests instead of disobeying or ignoring them? Very few studies have addressed this puzzling phenomenon. This article argues that increasing public support for courts coupled with reinforcement mechanisms—supported by both the judiciary and external actors—contributes to such compliance. The article concludes that a combination of social, political, and legal factors is essential for compliance by authoritarian and hybrid regimes in politically important cases.

A classical theorem of Jordan asserts that if a group G acts transitively on a finite set of size at least $2$, then G contains a derangement (a fixed-point free element). Generalisations of Jordan’s theorem have been studied extensively, due in part to their applications in graph theory, number theory and topology. We address a generalisation conjectured recently by Ellis and Harper [‘Orbits of permutation groups with no derangements’, Preprint, 2024, arXiv:2408.16064], which says that if G has exactly two orbits and those orbits have equal length $n \geq 2$, then G contains a derangement. We prove this conjecture in the case where n is a product of two primes, and in the case where $n=bp$ with p a prime and $2b\leq p$. We also verify the conjecture computationally for $n \leq 30$.

Women entrepreneurs face distinct gender-specific challenges, including restricted access to venture capital, work–life conflicts driven by stereotypes, and competing demands from their roles as business owners, caregivers, and community leaders. These pressures often foster polychronicity – a temporal orientation favoring simultaneous task management. Grounded in role accumulation theory, we conduct a two-stage survey of 129 Chinese women entrepreneurs to investigate the relationship between polychronicity and resilience. We further examine three moderators – frequent interruptions, entrepreneurial experience, and emotional intelligence – that amplify polychronicity’ s resilience-building effects. This study highlights the positive association between polychronicity and women entrepreneurs’ resilience, offering new insights into temporal dynamics in entrepreneurship. It also provides women entrepreneurs with practical strategies to help them navigate multiple role challenges and thrive amid adversity by leveraging their preference for multitasking.

With the passing of Richard Van Praagh in September of 2025, paediatric cardiology has lost one of its giants. With one of his greatest contributions, namely the segmental approach, he revolutionised the practice of paediatric cardiology. He and Stella, his wife and closest collaborator, developed the Cardiac Registry at Boston Children’s Hospital and published more than 300 articles. Together, they trained many fellows, with endless generosity and dedication, and gave conferences all over the world, spreading their ideas and concepts. Richard will be sorely missed, but he has transmitted to us the desire and the tools to continue to build on his firm foundations.

It is widely assumed that English law adopts a restrictive approach towards tort actions for “wrongful life”. This article reveals the true legal position to be much more complex. A broad distinction exists between cases where the wrong occurred before or at conception and those where it occurred during pregnancy, with claims usually being permitted in the former scenario but not in the latter. In this article, I expose this bifurcation as arbitrary before examining potential solutions for remedying it.

This article explores how AI-generated music challenges traditional theological understandings of creativity, spirituality, and the soul. By engaging the theological traditions of analogy and participation developed by Thomas Aquinas, Thomas de Vio Cajetan, and Francisco Suárez, this article reconsiders whether AI-generated music generates emotions and spiritual significances in listeners and whether it might disclose something meaningful about the nature of divine creativity. Rather than arguing AI music is either a technological innovation or artistic threat, this article suggests various frameworks of analogy, participation, and pneumatology to create a better theological discernment on how divine creativity works through secondary causes within creation. The exploration concludes in proposing a ‘theology of digital transcendence’ – a framework for understanding how computational creativity participates in the broader economy of divine creation.

The procedure for mandatory reviews, also known as confirmations, has existed in Malawi since the colonial period. It requires that when a subordinate court convicts a person and imposes a punishment that passes a prescribed threshold, the case record be forwarded to a higher court for review. This article examines the evolution of this procedure in Malawi from the colonial era to how it is being currently understood and applied. It argues that the understanding that courts have recently attached to the procedure does not align with how this procedure has historically developed. Moreover, this understanding diminishes the procedure’s effectiveness in its function of protecting convicts’ rights. The article suggests ways of improving the procedure to ensure it remains relevant and suitable for the purpose for which it was originally established.

This article explores the impact of LM Radio—Rádio Clube de Moçambique’s B-Station, broadcasting in English and Afrikaans—in colonial southern Mozambique. Drawing on 441 issues of Rádio Moçambique magazine (1935–1973) and interviews with announcers, directors, and musicians, it reconstructs the station’s history and production practices and examines its reception among Mozambican musicians through the lenses of modernity and cosmopolitanism. Often regarded as apolitical, LM Radio’s trajectory reveals a complex engagement with the Portuguese colonial project and urban youth culture. The article also considers how these dynamics inform postcolonial memory, highlighting media’s role in shaping colonial modernity in southern Africa.

This paper explores the literary value of popular song lyrics through the lens of intertextuality, using the Beatles’ songbook as a case study. It aims to bridge the gap between reader-oriented and author-oriented approaches to intertextual research, emphasizing the importance of viewing texts from a broad, interconnected perspective. The study analyses a selected corpus of 27 Beatles songs, ranging from their early hit “I Saw Her Standing There” to their final recordings such as “The End,” to uncover how intertextuality manifests itself in their lyrics. By doing so, the paper seeks to highlight the depth and complexity of pop lyrics, advocating for their recognition as a legitimate subject of academic inquiry. The findings suggest that the Beatles’ lyrics, rich with literary and cultural references, exemplify the postmodern characteristics of pop music, blending high and low culture and showcasing the dynamic, dialogical nature of language and texts. This research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the literary qualities of popular music and underscores the enduring cultural significance of the Beatles.

In the Mississippian Southeast and Midwest, large fabric-impressed pans have traditionally been associated with the evaporation of brine to make salt. Although many of these vessels were undoubtedly used for this purpose, their presence at non-salt-making sites suggests that they sometimes served other functions. Using compound-specific isotope analysis, a sample of 74 fabric-impressed pan sherds from 12 sites in the Middle Cumberland Region of Tennessee was tested for absorbed organic residues to better understand the role of this vessel form in Mississippian foodways. Four residues from four different sites yielded evidence of C4 plant contribution, indicating that these vessels were likely involved in the preparation of maize. Additionally, 27 interpretable residues suggest a broader range of use, with three samples containing potential indicators of fish or shellfish, pointing to their role in preparing nonmaize foods.

Mediante el concepto de archivo sonoro global proponemos una perspectiva holística para abordar el estudio del universo sonoro al que se accede a través de Internet. Dicho concepto hace referencia a un reservorio de fijaciones sonoras en extremo heterogéneo, expansivo e inestable que alberga expresiones musicales, paisajes sonoros, sonidos del cuerpo humano, mensajes de voz generados con aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea, podcasts y muchos otros fenómenos sonoros. En el desarrollo del artículo describimos cómo y qué agentes alimentan ese archivo, dónde se encuentran alojadas las fijaciones que lo integran y cuáles son sus atributos centrales sobre la base de los conceptos de diversidad, expansividad, inestabilidad, modularidad e intermedialidad.1

We aimed to investigate the association of chrono-nutrition components with anthropometric measures and body composition in adults living in Tehran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 healthy adults. The exposures of the study were meal frequency, meal timing, meal irregularity, breakfast skipping, night fasting duration, time of the first and last eating occasion (EO), and the time interval from the last meal to bed. The outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), neck circumference (NC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI), body roundness index (BRI), A body shape index (ABSI), percentage of body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM). Bonferroni correction was applied and the significance level was less than 0.004. Using ANCOVA, after adjusting for confounders, late lunch eating was associated with a lower PBF. There was a positive trend across the tertiles of dinner time with greater WHtR (mean difference=0.019; Ptrend=0.025) and BRI (mean difference=0.24; Ptrend=0.022). Moreover, increased irregularity at dinner time was associated with higher levels of PBF (Ptrend=0.026) and FM (Ptrend=0.025). Also, longer overnight fasting was associated with lower NC (Ptrend=0.049) and a greater BRI (Ptrend=0.050). We found differences across the time interval from the last meal to bed with greater means of BAI (Ptrend=0.026), PBF (Ptrend=0.014), and FM (Ptrend=0.020). However, after applying the Bonferroni correction, we found no significant association between chrono-nutrition components and anthropometric measures and body composition in adults living in Tehran. Further studies are necessary to confirm the results.

Societal concerns on the environmental impact of manufacturing activities in developing economies have intensified over the past decade. Open innovation (OI) has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate these adverse effects without compromising sustainable performance (SP). This primary aim of this study is to examine and evaluate the current state of research on OI and SP practices for further empirical studies in developing economies. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework, we systematically reviewed and analysed 108 articles from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases related to OI and SP practices. Our study highlights significant knowledge gaps in the relationship between OI and SP in manufacturing, noting a predominant focus on developed countries. This research contributes to the existing literature by identifying critical contextual and theoretical gaps, providing valuable insights and theoretical implications for future OI and SP research agendas in developing countries.

Unlike existing studies on labour and income in the digital era, this paper argues not only that the impact of the digital economy’s intervention in the labour process is fragmented rather than comprehensive, but also that the transformation of job demand and labour supply behaviours is simultaneous and related to the attributes of the industries in which they operate. Drawing on the conventional biased technological progress hypothesis and labour process theory, we argue that the digital economy has generally increased the labour income inequality for migrant workers in China. Using geospatially matched China Labour Dynamics Survey 2018 microdata and provincial digitalisation indices, we uncover a digital ‘upgrading trap’: the development of the digital economy hides the process of inequality formation in the hedging relationship between objective labour demand ‘upgrading’ and subjective labour supply ‘expanding’. The former can be summarised as the risk of ‘no job’ and the latter as the risk of ‘no way back’. Counterintuitively, consumer Internet development demonstrates a greater role in both reducing workers’ inequality in secondary labour markets and promoting a fair primary distribution. These findings reconceptualise digital inequality as coevolutionary outcomes, and offer a tripartite governance way for inclusive growth through portable skill certification, algorithmic accountability mechanisms, and interoperable social security systems.