Generative AI based on large language models (LLM) currently faces serious privacy leakage issues due to the wide range of parameters and diverse data sources. When using generative AI, users inevitably share data with the system. Personal data collected by generative AI may be used for model training and leaked in future outputs. The risk of private information leakage is closely related to the inherent operating mechanism of generative AI. This indirect leakage is difficult to detect by users due to the high complexity of the internal operating mechanism of generative AI. By focusing on the private information exchanged during interactions between users and generative AI, we identify the privacy dimensions involved and develop a model for privacy types in human–generative AI interactions. This can provide a reference for generative AI to avoid training private data and help it provide clear explanations of relevant content for the types of privacy users are concerned about.

Maryann Madhavathu presents essential elements of how liturgy structures time – that is, daily, weekly, and yearly rhythms – with special attention to the meaning of Sunday and the important cycles of the liturgical year in different liturgical families. It is no surprise that Easter is of the utmost importance to all of them.

The chapter examines the public’s ideas and aspirations about the future constitution, through thousands of letters and memoranda that diverse publics sent to the Constituent Assembly. The public’s demands were informed by their everyday life experiences, generating constitutional ideas that would take years to find their ways into global constitutional governance. We focus on the new politics of caste that emerged with the promise of a transformative constitution, wherein caste groups invoked and disseminated the language and vocabulary of liberal constitutionalism for both regressive and progressive aims. We uncover a fuller range of public voices absent from the Constituent Assembly. The public demands were based on deliberative process of reasoning, and often grounded on universal principles that would apply to all groups. We thus uncover in this chapter a reservoir of public constitutional thinking, a body of constitutional theory that emerged from India’s streets.

Drafted by international animal law scholars and attorneys, the Convention on Animal Protection for Public Health, Animal Well-Being, and the Environment (CAP) was designed to help secure the interests of not just animals but also the environment we share. Delving into the context and contours of the CAP as an umbrella convention, this chapter first discusses the need to provide for more robust animal protections as part of a genuine One Health model. Next, the chapter observes how states have failed to enshrine such protections into international law. Then, we explore whether the CAP can manifest meaningful change. Exploring how CAP’s provision for additional protocols will enable the treaty to grow more robust with time, the chapter discusses prospects for its ratification and explores how it would complement existing animal-related treaties and concludes by emphasizing how CAP, if ratified, would dramatically improve the landscape for animals, the environment, and humankind.

The Age of Empire formed a historical window of opportunity in which mass media and imperial politics temporarily coalesced to create a new kind of ‘publicity politician’ in a system of ‘transnational media politics’. Mass media expanded the scope of politics, and media politics encompassed political subsystems such as government politics, party politics, and monarchical politics. While Wilhelm II, Bülow, Chamberlain, Rhodes, Leopold II, and Roosevelt were particularly media-savvy or mediagenic, they shaped the system of media politics, setting standards for both their contemporaries and successors. Media became central to the acquisition and exercise of political power. Politicians became media consumers, media influencers, and media objects. Throughout history, political leaders had publicized themselves through various media, but now media management became central to politics, making leaders visible to the public on a global scale impossible before. This heightened visibility was crucial to politicians’ survival in this new era of mass democracy. Media-savviness, mediageneity, or media celebrity alone did not suffice for survival – the publicity politician combined these qualities. The direct mediation of politics contained the seeds of both democratization and de-democratization, and subsequent media developments reinforced this paradoxical potential over the course of the next century.

Chapter 6 turns to a cluster of broadly cosmological episodes: the events and agents of creation, the texts that tell of these events and agents, and the authors who wrote these more and less authoritative texts. It focuses on two stretches of Cyril’s Against Julian, broadly concerning the modes of divine management of the cosmos but covering topics ranging from the breadth of human diversity to the Mosaic sacrificial system to the Tower of Babel and Homer’s Aloadae giant brothers. Cyril’s consistent objective is to dislodge the characters of the gods from Julian’s Hellenic story while also demonstrating how much better sense they make within the Christian story as fallen demons. That “all the gods of the nations are demons” (LXX Ps 95:5) was, of course, a common apologetic line. But this re-narrating claim is more than a polemical trope, structuring in fact a surprising range of arguments.

Chapter 5 follows a small but diverse group of Cuban Spanish Civil War volunteers, paying particular attention to Rolando Masferrer and Eufemio Fernández. The post-Spain trajectories of these volunteers illustrate the volatile nature of politics in Cuba and the Circum-Caribbean in the 1940s and 1950s, where coalitions were consistently made and unmade in transnational efforts to topple regional dictators. Later, several Spanish Civil War volunteers came to occupy influential roles as strategists and instructors within the military structures that the Castro regime developed to support revolutionary movements in the Americas after 1959. Thus, Cuban politics offered an unusually large and varied number of opportunities for Spanish Civil War veterans to remobilise after their service in Spain and to continue to engage with armed revolutionary projects of a transnational or internationalist nature.

The publicity politician starred centrally in the attention economy. He vied for press attention to maintain his symbolic and political relevance. Celebrity politicians drowned out other politicians and policies in the news – demonstrating the disparity in media attention. Yet too much attention hurt leaders’ traditional ‘aura’: quantity jeopardized quality. To remain aloof, they limited their exposure – avoiding early ‘paparazzi’. Maintaining stature was easier for monarchs than conventional politicians, but even the latter attained elevated positions. While this containment of coverage brought benefits, extra exposure could also enhance a politician’s celebrity – even if it was negative. Politicians and journalists realized the advantages of negative publicity, with some opposing criticism of a political competitor to avoid increasing his attention capital. This attention economy functioned according to a Matthew effect: politicians who received attention garnered ever more attention. Mediagenic politicians, notably natural celebrities like monarchs, flourished in the international struggle for media attention. While the mass press democratized celebrity – a diversity of people gaining fame and access to power – political noteworthies, traditional anchors of stability, occupied a privileged position in the fin-de-siècle attention economy. Ample attention finally constituted feedback for politicians – the media ‘democratically’ shaping the parameters of politics.

This chapter synthesises the key themes of the book, focusing on how the new psychology of intergroup relations advances our understanding of social change. The chapter first summarises how the new approach enhances traditional theories and methods, highlighting the role of place, time and change in group processes and intergroup relations. Multi-group dynamics create a complex system which is marked by intersectionality, and the interplay of stability, conflict and innovation. Further, the chapter explores how individuals and groups can engage with the new psychology of system change. It stresses the importance of altering relationships, understanding pushback and articulating shared visions to address collective threats with effective solutions. The need for enhanced perception of latent forces in social and physical environments is emphasised, alongside the call for connecting knowledge and power across mainstream institutions. The chapter considers how readers can be equipped to understand and effect change locally and globally, and to see and intervene in the broader socio-ecological system.