To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
Widening the perspective offered by the traditional canon, this history reveals the poetry of Italy between 1200 and 1600 as a site of plurality of genre, form and even language, including not just written texts but also those presented in performance. Within this inclusive framing, poetry's content, its cultural and geographical contexts and its material media of transmission are given equal weight. Decentring major figures and their texts while recognising their broad influence, the innovative theoretical and methodological framework complements the variety and liveliness of poetic activity on the Italian peninsula over four centuries, from the first manuscript experiments in verse through to sophisticated print productions and elaborate performance media. Offering original, multidisciplinary insights into current debates and discoveries, this history enlarges the scope of what we understand Italian premodern poetry to be.
Playwrights, including Shakespeare, often started out as song writers and regularly product-placed ballads within their dramas. In this enlightening study, Tiffany Stern asks who wrote, financed, published and marketed theatrical broadsheet ballads and investigates the migrants, women, and individuals with disabilities who sung and sold them outside playhouses – in striking contrast to the white, able-bodied and male actors who performed inside. With case-studies ranging from ballads in plays by Shakespeare and Jonson, sung after plays as jigs or 'themes' by the clowns Tarlton, Kemp and Armin, and performed about the plays of Marlowe, Kyd, Shakespeare and others, Ballad Business argues that broadsheet ballads were often the first and sometimes only parts of the performance to be published. Advertisements and souvenirs, ballads constituted a crucial though now forgotten form of theatrical merchandise and musical paratext.
This Element reassesses narratives of intercultural transmission in medieval European magic, highlighting complex processes of compilation and attribution often obscured by broad labels. Following an Introduction that lays out the methodological framework, Section 1 ('The Wise Saracens') explores a medieval Christian magician's depiction of Islam and the figure of the Arab magician, illustrating how authors blended genuine intercultural exchanges with imaginative attributions. Section 2 ('The Seven Names') reconsiders a Latin magical text traditionally labeled 'Arabic magic,' demonstrating that its complex, multicultural components resist any simple claims of a lost Arabic original. Section 3 ('The Almandel Problem') presents another contested text, showing how philological evidence often complicates a linear model of transmission. Finally, this volume offers a complete edition and translation of The Book of Seven Names, discussed in Section 2.
Hedging has been widely viewed as an optimal foreign policy for small and middle powers. However, hedging was more effective in some cases than others and ultimately proved detrimental for certain states. This Element contributes to knowledge about hedging by explaining why some smaller powers can hedge successfully between competing great powers while others fail, suffering serious harm. It develops a theoretical model consisting of international-systemic and state-level variables that determine hedging outcomes. It then tests the model using cases in the post-Soviet space (Georgia, Ukraine) and Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Vietnam, the Philippines) exposed to great power rivalry but exhibiting different hedging outcomes. It shows that hedging failure occurs due to changes in three key variables – structural uncertainty, availability of protective options, and decisionmakers' geopolitical prudence – and interactions between them. The Element highlights the limits to smaller power hedging and argues that hedging should not be taken for granted.
Littoral zones such as haunted shorelines, oppressively expansive beaches, and the crumbling edgelands around coastal cliffs have been an indelible feature of the Gothic literary tradition since the eighteenth century. They are frequently portrayed as strange, interstitial realms, sites of epistemic and existential precarity, of wreckage and uncanny returns, poised between the homely and unhomely, whose intense openness to the world(s) beyond contend uneasily (yet valuably) with the imagined integrity of selves and nations: it is a region, above all, of unsettlement. Coastal Gothic, 1719–2020 offers the first long-form examination of the coastal Gothic. Focusing on British and Irish Gothic authors and on the fraught political and human histories of the coastline, this Element examines the function of littoral terror, hauntings, and uncanny encounters as a means of unsettling pervasive conceptions of identity at national, regional, and individual levels.
This book offers a sound exposition of the theoretical foundations of international arbitration law using a comparative and cross-cultural approach. Exploring the normative approaches and legitimacy crisis in a transnational context, it aims to establish links between the respective legal regimes handling disputes. Identifying pragmatic solutions in the contemporary world of conflicting interests, this book investigates the latest trends in international arbitration law. This book will help readers understand and demonstrate how best to manage the unification efforts to achieve synergies and enhance the legitimacy of a pluralistic world of international arbitration law. The combination of conceptual analysis and archival investigation of landmark case laws provide the reader with a fresh innovative understanding of the depth of international arbitration law. The book will be important reading for instructors, practitioners and scholars.
What is the timescale for the settlement and cracking of an old stone building? How do the elegant flying buttresses of a Gothic cathedral safely transfer thrust to the foundations? What is the effect of bell-ringing on a church tower? These and other questions pertinent to the upkeep of old stone structures are answered in this clear and authoritative guide, now revised in a new edition. With a firm scientific basis, but without the use of complex mathematics, the author provides a thorough and intuitive understanding of masonry structures. This new edition updates the text based on original research by the author, including sections on iconic structures such as St Peter's Basilica in Rome, the dome of St Paul's Cathedral and the vault of the Henry VII Chapel in London. An essential resource for structural engineers, architects, art historians and anyone passionate about the care and renovation of historic stone buildings.
How did steam transportation and print culture reshape the Ottoman Empire's centre-periphery relations in the nineteenth century? Challenging the Caliphate offers a fresh perspective on modernization in the Muslim world, exploring how these developments in infrastructure, technology, and communications impacted ideas of the Caliphate, Wahhabism, and Mahdism. Through rich archival research and microhistorical examples, Ömer Koçyiğit demonstrates how new technologies influenced political authority, religious movements, and the spread of ideas. Koçyiğit further explores how the Ottoman Empire dealt with the rise of the Wahhabi movement in the Najd and the Mahdi movement in Sudan. This study situates the Ottoman experience within global transformations, offering a deeper understanding of state, resistance, and connectivity while highlighting how emerging technologies shaped the modern Muslim world.
Geraldo Vidigal thoroughly examines the judicial powers of international courts and tribunals and how these powers are used in practice. Without access to state-backed enforcement measures, international adjudicators must rely on their authority to influence real-world outcomes. The book reviews, and offers a comprehensive theory for, the various social mechanisms that explain why and how international judicial pronouncements affect the behaviour of states, influencing the views of individuals within states as well as changing states' mutual expectations of cooperative and sanction-worthy behaviour. The book considers how judicial remedies can induce compliance by targeting specific areas of disagreement, interpreting obligations, declaring violations, and establishing how wrongdoer states must offset unlawful injury. An often untapped type of remedy relies on the ability of courts to determine permissible responses to breach: what measures other actors may take to respond to violations, compelling wrongdoers to comply with their obligations and provide redress for injury.
How do we make corporations accountable for human rights violations? This book illuminates how governments, international organisations, NGOs and individuals make (and break) the rules in business and human rights. It covers a rich array of examples of rule-making in business and human rights, including: (i) legal developments in domestic courts in the US, Canada, the UK, and Europe; (ii) initiatives endorsed by the United Nations, including the 2011 UN Guiding Principles; and (iii) multistakeholder initiatives such as the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS), the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (VPs). It also introduces a new theoretical framework to assist scholars in understanding trends in the area of business and human rights. By emphasising implementation, the framework brings much-needed conceptual clarity to the processes of rule-making and legalization and constitutes an important contribution to the business and human rights literature.
There are many explanations for the survival of long-serving political parties, from access to state wealth to the use of excessive violence. A yet unexplored reason, particularly for parties that have survived under extreme conditions, is voter exit. In Death, Diversion, and Departure, Chipo Dendere shows that voter exit creates new opportunities for authoritarian regime survival. With an empirical focus on Zimbabwe, Dendere centers two types of voter exit: death and migration. She shows how the exit of young, urban, and working professional voters because of mass death due to the AIDS pandemic and mass migration in the wake of economic decline has increased the resilience of a regime that may have otherwise lost power. With authoritarianism on the rise globally and many citizens considering leaving home, Death, Diversion, and Departure provides timely insights into the impact of voter exit.
Traces of the Distant Human Past offers a critical examination of early human behavior by challenging traditional narratives and pushing for a more scientific, theoretically informed approach to archaeology. Emphasizing the importance of understanding early humans within their environmental context, the contributors to this volume propose a shift towards theoretical frameworks and ecological perspectives in archaeological research. They highlight the scarcity of well-preserved archaeological sites, making a strong case for high-resolution analyses and the need for new methodologies, including the use of artificial intelligence in taphonomy. By questioning the scientific rigor of current practices and advocating for hypothesis-driven research, this volume not only informs but also inspires a reevaluation of the approaches that can be applied to an interpretation of the evidence for human evolution in the archaeological record. It will be an essential resource for those interested in advancing the field and gaining a deeper understanding of human origins.
How does our understanding of Romantic literature change when we shift the focus from bound books to unbound forms? Assumptions about the book as a bound object have isolated literature from overlapping material cultures of book making, reading, viewing, and collecting. The Book Unbound reconstructs a Romantic textual condition of unbound forms in which the book acted as a repository for open-ended collections of discrete book parts, prints, watercolours, manuscripts, and serial publications, ca. 1750–1850. Three case studies trace changing material practices of book making before and after publisher's bindings marked a turning point from a culture of unbound books. Through the restricted coterie gathered around Horace Walpole's private press at Strawberry Hill, William Blake's printmaker-poet's book making, and Charles Dickens's serialized part publications, this monograph changes understandings of the book as a medium.
What defines a correct program? What education makes a good programmer? The answers to these questions depend on whether programs are seen as mathematical entities, engineered socio-technical systems or media for assisting human thought. Programmers have developed a wide range of concepts and methodologies to construct programs of increasing complexity. This book shows how those concepts and methodologies emerged and developed from the 1940s to the present. It follows several strands in the history of programming and interprets key historical moments as interactions between five different cultures of programming. Rooted in disciplines such as mathematics, electrical engineering, business management or psychology, the different cultures of programming have exchanged ideas and given rise to novel programming concepts and methodologies. They have also clashed about the nature of programming; those clashes remain at the core of many questions about programming today. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
How have economic warfare and sanctions been applied in modern history, with what success and with what unintended consequences? In this book, leading economic historians provide answers through case studies ranging from the eighteenth-century rivalry of Britain and France and the American Civil War to the two world wars and the Cold War. They show how countries faced with economic measures have responded by resisting, adapting to, or seeking to pre-empt the attack so that the effects of an economic attack could be delayed or temporarily neutralised. Behind the scenes, however, economic measures shaped the course of warfare: they moulded war plans, raised the adversary's costs of mobilisation, and tipped the balance of final outcomes. This book is the first to combine the study of economic warfare and sanctions, showing the deep similarities and continuities as well as the differences, in an integrated framework.
Stillbirth, especially unpredicted losses in the antepartum period defined as intrauterine fetal demise after twenty weeks gestation, remains sadly a too common event during pregnancy. Dr. Gandhi and Professor Reddy detail the epidemiology and review the impact of proactive interventions both in preparation for and during pregnancy to lower stillbirth rates. The clinical management of a pregnancy affected by this tragedy. The authors address a growing understanding of causes seen clinically and those unseen (e.g. genetic abnormalities, viral infection, fetal hypoxia in a normally grown fetus, etc). The detailed approach to stillbirth during the index pregnancy seeks to maximize the discovery of the underlying causes to provide solace to the grieving family and to prepare for any additions to prenatal care for any subsequent pregnancies.
This book offers a moral and political analysis of the social position of people living with dementia. It takes a relational egalitarian view on the demands of justice, reflecting on what would be required for our society to become one in which we relate to members of this group as equals. By making several contributions to the legal and political philosophy of dementia care, the author uses a novel framework to underpin several public policy recommendations, aimed at remedying the injustices those living with the condition face. Whilst doing so, she takes care not to overlook the legislative and economic barriers to achieving an ideal, dementia-inclusive society, and considers ways in which they might be overcome. Providing public policy insights while furthering scholarship on justice, equality, and capability, this is a timely and novel book that speaks to some of the most urgent questions facing contemporary ageing societies.
Early modern English people were obsessed with making babies. In this fascinating new history, Leah Astbury traces this preoccupation through manuscript letters, diaries, recipe books and almanacs, revealing its centrality to family life. Information was plentiful in guides on the burgeoning fields of domestic conduct and midwifery, as well as in the many satirical ballads focused on sex, marriage and family. Astbury utilises this broad source base to explore all aspects of early modern childbearing, from conception to the months after delivery. She demonstrates that, while religious and cultural ideals dictated that women carry out all of this work, men were engaged in its practice through directing medical decisions. With the entire household including servants, wetnurses and other unexpected actors included in the project, childbearing can be situated within the histories of gender, medicine, social status, family and record-keeping. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
The core topics at the intersection of human-computer interaction (HCI) and US law -- privacy, accessibility, telecommunications, intellectual property, artificial intelligence (AI), dark patterns, human subjects research, and voting -- can be hard to understand without a deep foundation in both law and computing. Every member of the author team of this unique book brings expertise in both law and HCI to provide an in-depth yet understandable treatment of each topic area for professionals, researchers, and graduate students in computing and/or law. Two introductory chapters explaining the core concepts of HCI (for readers with a legal background) and U.S. law (for readers with an HCI background) are followed by in-depth discussions of each topic.