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This Element considers pregnant women and their costumes in the staging of Shakespeare's plays. It examines the connections between a character's costume and the changing social conventions of pregnancy. It questions mid twentieth century productions' reduction and elimination of well-established visible pregnancy costumes. It considers the role played by the sexual revolution in the sixties in visible pregnancy's reinstatement. The Element focusses on the varied significance of its presence to actors and directors and explores the archives to chart this previously under-examined interaction between social conventions, costumes, and the actors who wear them.
This book presents a comprehensive account of China's evolving international energy relations (IER) as the world's largest energy user transitions from fossil fuels to renewables amidst significant geopolitical shifts. It introduces an original analytic framework for IER, focusing on three interconnected dimensions: the international business activities of energy companies at the micro level, state energy diplomacy and energy statecraft at the state level, and the nation's engagements with the global energy governance at the global level. Drawing an extensive range of Chinese and English-languages sources and employing novel perspectives, the book provides a timely analysis on this significant phenomenon. It constructs a compelling narrative on the profound impact of China's domestic energy transition and the changing geopolitical landscape on the country's international energy engagements.
Build a firm foundation for studying statistical modelling, data science, and machine learning with this practical introduction to statistics, written with chemical engineers in mind. It introduces a data–model–decision approach to applying statistical methods to real-world chemical engineering challenges, establishes links between statistics, probability, linear algebra, calculus, and optimization, and covers classical and modern topics such as uncertainty quantification, risk modelling, and decision-making under uncertainty. Over 100 worked examples using Matlab and Python demonstrate how to apply theory to practice, with over 70 end-of-chapter problems to reinforce student learning, and key topics are introduced using a modular structure, which supports learning at a range of paces and levels. Requiring only a basic understanding of calculus and linear algebra, this textbook is the ideal introduction for undergraduate students in chemical engineering, and a valuable preparatory text for advanced courses in data science and machine learning with chemical engineering applications.
Discover the principles of wireless power transfer for unmanned aerial vehicles, from theoretical modelling to practical applications. This essential guide provides a complete technical perspective and hands-on experience. It combines in-depth theoretical models, such as T-models and M-models, with practical system design, including wireless charging system construction. It presents systematic solutions to real-world challenges in UAV wireless charging, such as mutual inductance disturbances and lightweight units. Providing the resources to tackle complex industry problems this book covers the latest technological insights including advanced control methods, such as PT-symmetric WPT system control schemes and charging range extension techniques. Ideal for professional engineers, designers, and researchers, it provides the tools needed to innovate in UAV technology and power systems. Whether you're developing new systems or optimizing existing ones, this comprehensive resource delivers the insights and techniques to drive progress in wireless power transfer for unmanned aircraft.
The 'arrow of time,' a concept first introduced by Sir Arthur Eddington, reflects the one-way flow of time and its association with various physical asymmetries in thermodynamics, cosmology, quantum mechanics, field theories, and beyond. Yet, the foundations of the arrow of time continues to challenge physicists and philosophers, having profound implications across multiple theories and disciplines.This volume compiles insights from the international colloquium 'The Arrow of Time: From Local Systems to the Whole Univers' held in Buenos Aires in 2023. It explores diverse perspectives on the arrow of time in thermodynamics, quantum mechanics and cosmology, its relation to counterfactual reasoning, free will and the growing-block universe, the interplay between consciousness and time, and the implications of time-reversal invariance. Collectively, these contributions provide a rigorous and comprehensive analysis of the enduring enigma of time's unidirectional nature.
This textbook reflects the changing landscape of water management by combining the fields of satellite remote sensing and water management. Divided into three major sections, it begins by discussing the information that satellite remote sensing can provide about water, and then moves on to examine how it can address real-world management challenges, focusing on precipitation, surface water, irrigation management, reservoir monitoring, and water temperature tracking. The final part analyses governance and social issues that have recently been given more attention as the world reckons with social justice and equity aspects of engineering solutions. This book uses case studies from around the globe to demonstrate how satellite remote sensing can improve traditional water practices and includes end-of-chapter exercises to facilitate student learning. It is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in water resource management, and as reference textbook for researchers and professionals.
Corporate malfeasance is omnipresent in conflict and repression situations around the world, but efforts for corporate accountability by transitional mechanisms have been dispersed, meagre and unsuccessful. This book analyses the legal rationale behind integrating corporate accountability within the unique context of transitional justice, tracing these issues across international and national legal regimes. It offers a systematic inquiry into the precise legal possibilities and operational limits of access to remedy for victims of corporate abuses in transitions, and the corresponding obligations of states as designers of transitional measures. Providing a systematic and consolidated legal account of the convergence of corporate accountability and transitional justice, the book sketches a new imaginary of transitional justice, rooted in transformative approaches. It will be a valuable resource for academics andjudicial and institutional actors, as well as victims and practitioners in the field of transitional justice and post-conflict reconstruction.
Artificial Intelligence technologies have impacted our world in ways we could not have imagined a decade ago. Generative AI (GenAI), a powerful, complex and general use subset of AI has become available to the public in recent years. GenAI's effect on education, research, and academic practice is far-reaching and exciting, yet also deeply concerning. While GenAI has the potential to offer transformation in the practice of educational research, there are few resources which clarify why, when, and how these tools might be used ethically and sensitively. This Element introduces key areas of consideration for education researchers seeking to use GenAI, including examining the existing research, critically evaluating the benefits and risks of GenAI in educational research, and providing example use-cases of good and bad practice.
What explains the rise and resilience of the Islamist movement in Turkey? Since its founding in 1923, the Turkish republic has periodically reined in Islamist actors. Secular laws denied legitimacy to religious ideas, publications, and civic organizations, while military coups jailed or banned Islamist party leaders from politics. Despite such adversity, Islamists won an unprecedented victory at the 2002 national elections and have continued to rule since. 'Pious Politics' explains how Islamists succeeded by developing a popular, well-organized movement over decades that rallied the masses and built vigorous political parties. But an equally formative-if not more significant-factor was the cultural groundwork Islamists laid through a remarkably robust model of mobilization. Drawing on two years of ethnographic and archival research in Turkey, Zeynep Ozgen explores how social movements leverage cultural production to create sociopolitical change.
Bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and their practical applications with this rigorous introduction to the mathematics underpinning data science. It covers essential topics in linear algebra, calculus and optimization, and probability and statistics, demonstrating their relevance in the context of data analysis. Key application topics include clustering, regression, classification, dimensionality reduction, network analysis, and neural networks. What sets this text apart is its focus on hands-on learning. Each chapter combines mathematical insights with practical examples, using Python to implement algorithms and solve problems. Self-assessment quizzes, warm-up exercises and theoretical problems foster both mathematical understanding and computational skills. Designed for advanced undergraduate students and beginning graduate students, this textbook serves as both an invitation to data science for mathematics majors and as a deeper excursion into mathematics for data science students.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has emerged as a key player in climate policy. The organization introduced its Climate Strategy in 2021 and established the Resilience and Sustainability Facility in 2022 to provide financial support to countries facing adaptation and mitigation challenges. The IMF's closer engagement with the economic dimensions of climate change holds the promise of helping countries pre-empt large-scale economic dislocations from climate risks. But how much progress has the IMF made in supporting the green transition? What is the policy track record of the IMF's climate loans? How do regular IMF loans and mandated reforms encompass climate considerations? How have the IMF's economic surveillance activities considered climate risks? Based on new evidence, the findings in this Element point to the multifaceted, and at times contradictory, ways green transition objectives have become embedded within IMF activities. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Master the art of data converter design with this definitive textbook, a detailed and accessible introduction ideal for students and practicing engineers. Razavi's distinctive and intuitive pedagogical approach, building up from elementary components to complex systems. Step-by-step transistor-level designs and simulations offer a practical hands-on understanding of key design concepts. Comprehensive coverage of essential topics including sampling circuits, comparator design, digital-to-analog converters, flash topologies, SAR and pipelined architectures, time-interleaved converters, and oversampling systems. Over 250 examples pose thought-provoking questions, reinforcing core concepts and helping students develop confidence. Over 350 end-of-chapter homework problems to test student understanding, with solutions available for course instructors. Developed by leading author Behzad Razavi, and addressing all the principles and design concepts essential to today's engineers, this is the ideal text for senior undergraduate and graduate-level students and professional engineers who aspire to excel in data converter analysis and design.
Contemporary India provides a giant and complex panorama that deserves to be understood. Through in-depth analysis of democracy, economic growth and distribution, caste, labour, gender, and foreign policy, Atul Kohli and Kanta Murali provide a framework for understanding recent political and economic developments. They make three key arguments. Firstly, that India's well-established democracy is currently under considerable strain. Secondly, that the roots of this decline can be attributed to the growing inequalities accompanying growth since the 1990s. Growing inequalities led to the decline of the Congress party and the rise of the BJP under Narendra Modi. In turn, the BJP and its Hindu-nationalist affiliates have used state power to undermine democracy and to target Indian Muslims. Finally, they highlight how various social groups reacted to macro-level changes, although the results of their activism have not always been substantial. Essential reading for anyone wishing to understand democracy in India today.
Gerald Gardner (1884–1964) provided the central inspiration for Wicca, as a modern, revived, form of Pagan witchcraft. As such, his cultural and religious significance has grown exponentially over the 60 years since his death. 'A Rough Magic' re-evaluates the sources of Gardner's inspiration, redefines his early life within the context of colonial Malaya and the opium trade, and emphasises his vision and ability in fashioning an entirely new synthesis of magical beliefs drawn from both Eastern and Western traditions. In so doing, he stripped away the demonic elements of witchcraft and emphasised Wicca as a creative, mutable and undogmatic nature religion, serving as both fertility cult and a unique source of personal empowerment, that was capable of transforming the world.
How can admissions officers, employers, and scholarship committees maximize the accuracy of prediction of individual performance while minimizing adverse impact due to group differences? Testing offers a straightforward solution to the first half of this problem. Tests are the best way to predict how someone will perform in school, in the military, in medicine, or while controlling airline traffic and flying a plane. Tests are also useful beyond personnel selection, such as for selection of a college major or courses. However, the other side of this problem is more complex. Using tests is always accompanied by group differences that could result in continued systemic discrimination by limiting opportunities for those who are marginalized. This book charts an approach to using tests that incorporates evidence, transparency, and societal values to maximize efficiency and fairness.
While nations, societies, and individuals have always been engaged with both the tangible and intangible aspects of cultural objects, such as archaeological artifacts, artworks, and historical documents, the twenty-first century is seeing a significant shift in the law, ethics, and public policy that have long characterized this field. This book offers a comprehensive analysis of recent developments concerning cultural property. It identifies the underlying forces that drive these changes, focusing on the new political balance between source countries and market countries, the strengthening of cross-border lawmaking and law enforcement, the growing impact of provenance research and due diligence as legal, professional, and ethical norms, and the transformative role of digital databases. The book sets out normative principles for designing a better synergy of the hard law and soft law mechanisms that govern cultural property policy and markets. It proposes a property theory of ownership and custody of cultural objects and outlines a model of 'new cultural internationalism' to promote cross-border collaboration on cultural heritage, including new restitution frameworks.
The growing numbers of women living with HIV begged a question: Why and how were women contracting HIV? Chapter 4, “Sex Bargains,” tracks the emergence of a new logic that centered heterosexual sex as the site of women’s vulnerability. Focusing in on the interpersonal negotiation before surrounding sex had a powerful effect: It obfuscated the role of structural responses to the epidemic, from housing to harm reduction, and instead focused public health interventions on individual behavior. This chapter follows an influential debate between law and economics scholars and feminist activists on the question of the sex bargain.