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This book showcases the current state of the art of research on rhythm in speech and language. Decades of study have revealed that bodily rhythms are crucial for producing and understanding speech and language, and for understanding their evolution and variability across populations-not only adults, but also developmental and clinical populations. It is also clear that there is perplexing dimensionality and variability of rhythm within and across languages. This book offers the scientific foundation for harmonizing physiological universality and cultural diversity, fostering collaborative breakthroughs across research domains. Its fifty chapters cover physiology, cognition, and culture, presenting knowledge from neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, phonetics, and communication research. Ideal for academics, researchers, and professionals seeking interdisciplinary insights into the essence of human communication. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
In Germany at the close of the eighteenth century, Johann Gottfried Herder offered an important alternative to the philosophy of his teacher, Immanuel Kant. He held radical views on language, world history, the equality of all peoples, the role of climate in human life, and other topics that remain important to this day. He explored how these ideas might lead to radical intellectual practices and politics, providing an alternative to Eurocentric and racist ways of thinking. Writing in the wake of the French Revolution, Herder attempted to develop a political philosophy that would do justice to all humanity. His Letters for the Advancement of Humanity provides his mature statement on this project, available to English readers now for the first time in its entirety. An introduction situates the work within Herder's thought, and comprehensive notes provide access to its wider context.
While most programmes in neuroscience are understandably built around imparting foundational knowledge of cell biology, neurons, networks and physiology, there is less attention paid to critical perspectives on methods. This book addresses this gap by covering a broad array of topics including the philosophy of science, challenges of terminology and language, reductionism, and social aspects of science to challenge claims to explanation and understanding in neuroscience. Using examples from dominant areas of neuroscience research alongside novel material from systems that are less often presented, it promotes the general need of scientists (and non-scientists) to think critically. Chapters also explore translations between neuroscience and technology, artificial intelligence, education, and criminology. Featuring accessible material alongside further resources for deeper study, this work serves as an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate courses in psychology, neuroscience, and biological sciences, while also supporting researchers in exploring philosophical and methodological challenges in contemporary research.
The People's Two Powers revisits the emergence of democracy during the French Revolution and examines how French liberalism evolved in response. By focusing on two concepts often studied separately-public opinion and popular sovereignty-Arthur Ghins uncovers a significant historical shift in the understanding of democracy. Initially tied to the direct exercise of popular sovereignty by Rousseau, Condorcet, the Montagnards, and Bonapartist theorists, democracy was first rejected, then associated with the idea of rule by public opinion by liberals throughout the nineteenth century. This redefinition culminated in the invention of the term 'liberal democracy' in France in the 1860s. Originally conceived in opposition to 'Caesarism' during the Second Empire, the term has an ongoing and important legacy, and was later redeployed by French liberals against shifting adversaries – 'totalitarianism' from the 1930s onward, and 'populism' since the 1980s.
Much is known about the manifold ways in which ancient Greek religious beliefs and practices map onto the social and political structures of the ancient Greek polis. The way in which the individual served as the basic unit of ancient Greek religion, and the personal dimension of ancient Greek religion associated with it, is much less well understood. This book offers the first comprehensive study of ancient Greek personal religion since the major paradigm changes that affected the study of ancient Greek religion in recent years. An international cast of scholars explores ancient Greek personal religion in all its different facets. They do not treat the personal dimension of ancient Greek religion features as an antipode of civic religion but rather as a complementary perspective that evolves within, alongside, and occasionally in opposition to the civic dimension of ancient Greek religion.
In this collection of innovative and original articles, an international team of scholars demonstrate the newest technological trends and data-intensive technologies in the empirical study of English linguistics. Through a range of in-depth case studies, it advocates for the use of advanced technologies and digital tools to enable study in this ever-evolving field. To achieve optimal coherence across the volume, each chapter answers a core question – 'how can data-intensive and computational methods help scholars answer research questions that are solidly grounded in the theoretical foundations of English linguistics?' Digitalization is expected to accelerate, and this development will continue to impact research in the humanities. This volume fills in a clear gap and will drive empirical linguistic research forward, by introducing a variety of innovative techniques and tools that offer not only new answers to old questions in English linguistics but also open up exciting new research questions in the field.
This book brings together insights from over a hundred experts in meteorology and climatology to expand existing knowledge of climate variability across the various timescales that shape weather patterns in South America, Africa, Australasia, and Antarctica. It describes the atmospheric circulation in the tropics and southern extratropics and puts into perspective its northern counterpart. The discovery of the different types of El Niño Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole, and trends in the Southern Annular Mode are a few examples of phenomena discussed. The chapters also examine the role of the oceans in the climate, highlight the impact of extreme events and observed changes, explore future projections in a warming world, and discuss the current state and challenges of climate modelling. This book will be a key resource for researchers and graduate students in meteorology, atmospheric science, and climatology, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere.
South Asia's economies, as well as the scholarship on their economic histories, have been transformed in recent decades. This landmark new reference history will guide economists and historians through these transformations in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Part I revisits the colonial period with fresh perspectives and updated scholarship, incorporating recent research on topics such as gender, caste, environment, and entrepreneurship. The contributors highlight the complex and diverse experiences of different groups to offer a more nuanced understanding of the past. Part II focuses on economic and social changes in South Asia over the last seventy-five years, offering a comprehensive view of the region's historical trajectory. Together, the contributions to this volume help to reassess the impact of colonialism through a more informed lens, as well as providing analysis of the challenges and progress made since independence.
Brain imaging is the foundation of cognitive neuroscience research and increasingly important for many domains in the behavioral sciences. This book provides a complete introduction to brain imaging for students, using non-technical and accessible language. Each chapter presents a specific brain imaging modality within its scientific context, addressing practical implementation, experimental design considerations, and analytical approaches. All the most commonly used techniques are covered, including fMRI, EEG, MEG, PET, TMS, FNIRS, and ECoG. By examining the latest tools in the field today, readers will develop critical skills for selecting appropriate techniques to address specific research questions in their own work. The authors draw upon their substantial experience as both researchers and educators in brain imaging and neuroscience to turn technical complexities into approachable concepts. This book provides an essential foundation for newcomers to brain imaging while offering valuable methodological insights for more advanced students.
A range of sciences was taught in the Platonist schools of late antiquity (third to sixth centuries) with the purpose of leading the human soul up to a divine life. This curriculum constituted so to speak a ladder of the sciences. The ways in which these sciences were newly interpreted in this context have not, however, been fully appreciated. This volume brings together selected essays, some translated into English for the first time, which show how a new vision of these disciplines and sciences was reached as part of a Platonist philosophical education. They cover a wide range of topics, from rhetoric, ethics and politics to mathematics, music and metaphysics, and discuss the work of various philosophers. Dominic O'Meara is considered one of the foremost scholars of Platonism and this book provides readers with an indispensable tool for accessing his most important scholarship in this area.
How do we thrive sustainably on planet Earth? This is an urgent question to which this book provides a range of fresh responses. From diverse disciplinary perspectives, academics provide compelling visions for education that disrupt but also open up and inspire new pedagogic opportunities. Responding to these visions, teachers, teaching assistants and school leaders offer practical reflections, describing the ways they are living out these new ideas in their classrooms and schools. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, the book invites us to consider what education can and ought to look like in a world beset by challenges. Despite the seriousness of the manifestos, there is optimism and purpose in each chapter, as well as a desire to raise the voices of children and young people: our compassionate citizens of the future. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
What relevance does Mary Wollstonecraft's thought have today? In this insightful book, Sandrine Bergès engages Wollstonecraft with contemporary social and political issues, demonstrating how this pioneering eighteenth-century feminist philosopher addressed concerns that resonate strongly with those faced by twenty-first-century feminists. Wollstonecraft's views on oppression, domination, gender, slavery, social equality, political economics, health, and education underscore her commitment to defending the rights of all who are oppressed. Her ideas shed light on challenges we face in social and political philosophy, including intersectionality, health inequalities, universal basic income, and masculinity. Clear and accessible, this book is an invaluable resource for students and anyone interested in discovering who Mary Wollstonecraft was and how her ideas can help us navigate the struggles of today's feminist movement.
Plagiarism and appropriation are hot topics when they appear in the news. A politician copies a section of a speech, a section of music sounds familiar, the plot of a novel follows the same pattern as an older story, a piece of scientific research is attributed to the wrong researcher… The list is endless. Allegations and convictions of such incidents can easily ruin a career and inspire gossip. People report worrying about unconsciously appropriating someone else's work. But why do people plagiarise? How many claims of unconscious plagiarism are truthful? How is plagiarism detected, and what are the outcomes for the perpetrators and victims? Strikingly Similar uncovers the deeper psychology behind this controversial human behavior, as well as a cultural history that is far wider and more interesting than sensationalised news stories.
What is technology? How and why did techniques – including materials, tools, processes and products – become central subjects of study in anthropology and archaeology? In this book, Nathan Schlanger explores the invention of technology through the work of the eminent ethnologist and prehistorian André Leroi-Gourhan (1911–1986), author of groundbreaking works such as Gesture and Speech. While employed at the Musée de l'Homme in Paris, Leroi-Gourhan initially specialized in ethnographic studies of 'material civilizations'. By the 1950s, however, his approach broadened to encompass evolutionary and behavioral perspectives from history, biology, psychology and philosophy. Focused on the material dimensions of techniques, Leroi-Gourhan's influential investigations ranged from traditional craft activities to automated production. They also anticipated both the information age and the environmental crisis of today. Schlanger's study offers new insights into the complexity of Leroi-Gourhan's interdisciplinary research, methods, and results, spanning across the 20th century social sciences and humanities.