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106116 results in Materials Science

Page 69 of 5306

  • Androgen receptor in satellite cells is not essential for muscle regenerations

  • Hiroshi Sakai, Takahiko Sato, Motoi Kanagawa, So-ichiro Fukada, Yuuki Imai
  • Journal:
    Experimental Results / Volume 1 / 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 July 2020, e21
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  • The anabolic effects of androgen on skeletal muscles are thought to be mediated by androgen receptor (AR). Although multiple studies concerning the effects of AR in males have been performed, the molecular mechanisms of AR in skeletal muscles remain unclear. Here we first confirmed that satellite cells from mouse hindlimb muscles express AR. We then generated satellite cell-specific AR knockout mice using Pax7CreERT2 and ARL2/Y mice to test whether AR in satellite cells is necessary for muscle regeneration. Surprisingly, we found that muscle regeneration was compromised in both Pax7CreERT2(Fan)/+ control mice and Pax7CreERT2(Fan)/+;ARL2/Y mice compared to ARL2/Y mice. However, Pax7CreERT2(Gaka)/+;ARL2/Y;R26tdTomato/+ mice showed no significant differences between control and mutant muscle regeneration. These findings indicate that AR in satellite cells is not essential for muscle regeneration. We propose that Pax7CreERT2(Fan)/+ control mice should be included in all experiments, because these mice negatively affect the muscle regeneration and show the mild regeneration phenotype.

  • JMR volume 35 issue 14 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Journal of Materials Research / Volume 35 / Issue 14 / 28 July 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    28 July 2020, pp. b1-b2
    Print publication:
    28 July 2020
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  • JMR volume 35 issue 14 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    Journal of Materials Research / Volume 35 / Issue 14 / 28 July 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    28 July 2020, pp. f1-f4
    Print publication:
    28 July 2020
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  • Degradation of PGA, prepared by reactive extrusion polymerization, in water, humid, and dry air, and in a vacuum

  • Shuliang Chen, Xin Zhang, Mingyang He, Jinchun Li
  • Journal:
    Journal of Materials Research / Volume 35 / Issue 14 / 28 July 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 July 2020, pp. 1846-1856
    Print publication:
    28 July 2020

  • Polyglycolide (PGA) materials have been widely used in the medical field, but the degradation mechanism in the natural environment is still unclear. High-viscosity PGA was prepared by using twin-screw reaction extrusion polymerization. The mass and intrinsic viscosity of PGA samples, the pH of the solution surrounding the PGA samples in water, and the number of degradation products resulting from the degradation of the PGA samples were studied under different conditions and at different temperatures. PGA does not degrade at 70 °C in either dry air or in a vacuum. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential spectroscopy revealed that the PGA samples in water at 70 °C for 40 days had a substantially reduced mass and substantially altered thermal behavior when compared with the control sample (undegraded PGA sample). The degradation of the PGA samples in humid conditions at 70 °C was similar to the degradation of the samples in water at 70 °C. The results of this study indicate that water and water vapor (moisture) in the natural environment are the main causes of PGA degradation, and higher temperatures accelerate the degradation process, which shortens the shelf life and life of PGA.

Page 69 of 5306