Anarchist, Black Liberation Army member, and “Gender Rebel” Kuwasi Balagoon spent a lifetime performing a practice of resistance and autonomy—“freedom as a habit”—given kinetic, embodied form in his Exercise Book. Kuwasi Balagoon’s writings, as well as recollections from friends and comrades, are placed in dialog with James Boggs’s writings on automation to explore the tensions and frictions in the encounter between automation as a social formation and the insistent enactment of freedom as habit.

The notion of strong 1-boundedness for finite von Neumann algebras was introduced in [Jun07b]. This framework provided a free probabilistic approach to study rigidity properties and classification of finite von Neumann algebras. In this paper, we prove that tracial von Neumann algebras with a finite Kazhdan set are strongly 1-bounded. This includes all property (T) von Neumann algebras with finite-dimensional center and group von Neumann algebras of property (T) groups. This result generalizes all the previous results in this direction due to Voiculescu, Ge, Ge-Shen, Connes-Shlyakhtenko, Jung-Shlyakhtenko, Jung and Shlyakhtenko. Our proofs are based on analysis of covering estimates of microstate spaces using an iteration technique in the spirit of Jung.

Environmental governance, often characterized as a tug-of-war between central ambitions and local reluctance, provides a valuable lens for examining the dynamics of China’s central–local relations and their impact on policy processes, enhancing our understanding of both the changes and continuities of the Xi Jinping era. By analysing the eco-transformation of waste management through the framework of political steering theory, this article presents a nuanced avoidance strategy used by local governments, which we term minimum compliance. This strategy allows local authorities to cope with and sidestep centrally mandated policies while avoiding the consequences of policy failure. This study enriches the discourse on China’s central–local relations by exploring why top-level design has not reduced policy implementation deviations. It also highlights how local governments in the Xi era evade policy responsibilities in their daily operations and hedge against political pressure.

We provide upper bounds for the Assouad spectrum $\dim_A^\theta(\mathrm{Gr}({\kern2pt}f))$ of the graph of a real-valued Hölder or Sobolev function f defined on an interval $I \subset \mathbb{R}$. We demonstrate via examples that all of our bounds are sharp. In the setting of Hölder graphs, we further provide a geometric algorithm which takes as input the graph of an $\alpha$-Hölder continuous function satisfying a matching lower oscillation condition with exponent $\alpha$ and returns the graph of a new $\alpha$-Hölder continuous function for which the Assouad $\theta$-spectrum realizes the stated upper bound for all $\theta\in (0,1)$. Examples of functions to which this algorithm applies include the continuous nowhere differentiable functions of Weierstrass and Takagi.

Since the 1970s progressively more translators, in several European languages, have abandoned the traditional translation of ὁ βουλϵύσας at Physics 194b30 as ‘the adviser’ for a different one: ‘the deliberator’. The latter translation has never been defended, and is, as this article will argue, indefensible—the active of βουλϵύω is never used in classical prose in this sense. Furthermore, this translation obscures what may be a philosophically significant feature of the passage: the fact that all of the other examples of efficient causes Aristotle gives here, in what is his canonical account of the four causes, are cases where what causes something to move is distinct from the thing it causes to move (the father causes the child’s gestation, the builder causes the lumber’s turning into a house). An Aristotelian deliberator, on the other hand, while arguably an efficient cause, is the cause of their very own action. At least one ancient commentator, Simplicius, thought that Aristotle had good reasons to restrict his examples to causes distinct from what they set in motion. Both the traditional translation and the variant of it for which I shall argue, ‘the one who made the proposal’, fit this model.

This study explores the experiences of Russian relocants in Turkey, focusing on their migration trajectories through overlapping waves of shock, relocation, and partial mobilization, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Initially, Turkey was an attractive destination due to its visa-free access, air connectivity, affordable cost of living, and established post-Soviet community. However, among the nearly one million people who fled Russia, many relocants – primarily young, educated, and entrepreneurial individuals from the information technology sector and oppositional groups – face various uncertainties in Turkey. Drawing on findings from a qualitative study, this research first examines the migration journeys of Russian relocants through their self-narratives, tracing the waves of the exodus in 2022. It then critically analyzes the legal, economic, and social uncertainties they encounter in Turkey. Finally, it explores how the physical and virtual “bubbles” formed in İstanbul function as coping mechanisms to navigate these challenges. Blending staying and returning, bubbles function as temporary “in-between” spaces, allowing Russian relocants to encounter Turkey’s novelties, while maintaining a “transnational double presence” through ongoing ties to their homeland, resulting in a form of “functional adaptation.”

The green transition to reduce greenhouse gas emissions requires substantial investments in a narrow time window to avoid climate-related disruptions, adding two new dimensions for monetary policy and exacerbating the trade-offs that central banks face. First, climate-related physical disruptions lead to higher inflation (i.e., Climateflation). Second, the rush to green technology may result in inflation due to supply bottlenecks (i.e., Greenflation). As a consequence, central banks implement restrictive monetary policy that have a detrimental effect on the high up-front costs of renewable energy projects. This slows down the dynamics of green technologies adoption. We build a dynamic non-linear model to study these interactions under reasonable parameterizations. Both Climateflation and Greenflation are quantitatively significant, creating a dilemma for central banks between raising interest rates to counteract inflation and easing them to facilitate renewable investment. We further show that, under specific stochastic scenarios, the trade-off between inflation control and green transition can improve when structural costs for green technologies decrease or when supply-side constraints relax.

The mother sporocyst is the least understood digenean life cycle stage. This study provides the first detailed description of the neuromusculature and reproductive apparatus of mother sporocysts in the hemiuroid digenean Bunocotyle progenetica, a monoxenous parasite of White Sea mud snails, using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescent staining for muscles, FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRP), and serotonin (5HT). These parthenitae lack a germinal mass and have only a few germinal elements, which explains their limited reproductive potential. Germinal cells are incorporated into the syncytial brood-cavity lining, asynchronously maturing and forming germinal balls, which develop into rediae within the cavity. Rediae are expelled through a birth canal differentiated into three regions; their expulsion involves coordinated action of circular sphincter muscles and several extrinsic muscles. Sporocysts are highly mobile, with a dense subtegumental network of circular and longitudinal muscles. Subtegumental myocyte reconstruction showed that each perikaryon is linked to several myofibrils. The nervous system, although lacking distinct ganglia, is well-differentiated, with numerous neurons and at least three types of tegumental sensilla. FaRP-immunoreactive (IR) somata surround the birth canal, forming a nerve net around its middle region and two posterior longitudinal nerves. The unusually abundant 5HT-IR neurons are distributed throughout the body, but most lie in the posterior region. 5HT-IR cells form an anterior nerve ring, from which several nerves project anteriorly and two main nerves extend posteriorly, along with additional nerves. The morphology of the studied sporocysts is discussed in the context of current knowledge on the parthenital biology and development in B. progenetica.

Photographs, much less comic books, are not often seen to be focal sources of legal-historical research. This is so despite the growing momentum in the humanities and social sciences to take the visuality of culture, history, and law seriously.1 Notwithstanding the “visual turn”2 in law and humanities and socio-legal studies, it remains quite rare for legal history journals to carry images for the close reading of their pertinent implications. For the most part, legal scholarship has continued to exclude much of the optical media that arrange and compose the history of law, including the textual documents whose visuality produces, even contests, foundational legal concepts.3 This omission calls for intervention, not because legal history has failed to engage critically with dominant histories and the legal orders that they sustain, but rather because archived photographs and their (re)entry into visual modes of storytelling expand the range of historical sources that facilitate such critical projects.4 More fundamentally, the remediated photograph discloses the technological and theoretical assumptions of history-writing, prompting reflection on how far legal history should evolve to accommodate insights from its neighboring fields.5