Severe dilated cardiomyopathy in children may uncommonly be caused by abnormal loading conditions such as mid-aortic pathology and renal artery stenosis. Refractory hypertension and left ventricular dilatation with hypertrophy are important clues to reversible causes. We present a case of dilated cardiomyopathy in a child secondary to mid-aortic syndrome with renal artery stenosis.

The goal of this chapter is to explain the normative force of personal projects and the project-dependent reasons they generate. Scheffler argues that it is not wrong to ignore project-dependent reasons. I point to three considerations that aim to show, pace Scheffler, that it is wrong to simply ignore the project-dependent reasons we once acknowledged. First, it is a condition for valuing a particular project that we have reasons to continue to respond to project-dependent reasons, even in cases where the project has been completed, where circumstances have forced us to abandon it, or where we have become less prone to value the project positively. Second, it is the fact of having once attained meaning in our lives by valuing a particular project that explains why we face additional reasons to sustain the project and to continue to respond to the project-dependent reasons we once acknowledged. Third, to the extent that a particular project accounts, in part at least, for our normative identity, and provided that it is valuable to thereby have conditions for having reasons at all, we have a further explanation of why project-dependent reasons carry a particular normative force for us to continue to value that project.

This article examines the politics of restitution within the Black Atlantic through the case of the Restitution Study Group’s legal challenge to the Smithsonian Institution’s return of Benin bronzes to Nigeria. While most scholarship frames restitution as a struggle between Western museums and postcolonial states, this article shifts the lens to intra-Black debates that complicate inherited frameworks of return, foregrounding the unresolved legacies of slavery and the claims of Black American and broader diasporic communities. At the same time, it situates these debates within the larger global landscape in which Western institutions and nation-states continue to define the terms and tempo of restitution. By challenging the assumption that restitution is solely a matter between source nations and former colonial powers, the Restitution Study Group brings attention to how African elites’ historical participation in the transatlantic slave trade and the ongoing marginalization of diaspora communities shape contemporary claims. The article also places these interventions alongside disputes within Nigeria over custodianship between the federal government, Edo State, and the Benin royal court. By tracing these overlapping histories, ethical claims, and political stakes, the article argues that returns of looted artifacts are not simply acts of restitution, but processes of decolonial repair that reconfigure authority, belonging, and historical responsibility across diasporic and national contexts.

Building on the correspondence between finitely axiomatised theories in Łukasiewicz logic and rational polyhedra, we prove that the unification type of the fragment of Łukasiewicz logic with $n\geqslant 2$ variables is nullary. This solves a problem left open by V. Marra and L. Spada [Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 164 (2013), pp. 192–210]. Furthermore, we refine the study of unification with bounds on the number of variables. Our proposal distinguishes the number m of variables allowed in the problem and the number n in the solution. We prove that the unification type of Łukasiewicz logic for all $m,n \geqslant 2$ is nullary.

Yogurt acid whey (YAW) contains significant amounts of calcium as well as small amounts of protein, thus the idea of its reintroduction, especially of its calcium content, to the food chain is attractive. Calcium in milk is mainly complexed with casein micelles, whereas YAW contains only small amounts of protein, with no caseins at all, differing substantially from milk in the form in which calcium occurs. Therefore, the objective of the present research paper was to evaluate whether calcium bioavailability differs between YAW and milk. Following the INFOGEST protocol for simulated digestion and by coupling it with the Caco-2 model for intestinal absorption, calcium in YAW had higher bioaccessibility than calcium in milk. However, there were no differences in calcium transport by the intestinal cells and the transcription level of calcium absorption-related genes (VDR, TRPV6, S100G and PMCA1). Lastly, there were no differences in calcium bioaccessibility and the transcription of the calcium absorption-related genes between YAW samples of bovine, ovine or caprine origin obtained from Greek dairy products enterprises. In conclusion, despite the major differences in the protein profile between YAW and milk, there were no differences in calcium transport by the cells, but YAW was associated with higher calcium bioaccessibility, which ultimately may result in higher amount of absorbed calcium.

Il Grand Tour, viaggio culturale ed educativo intrapreso dalle élite europee tra il XVI e il XIX secolo, ha svolto un ruolo fondamentale nella formazione dell’identità culturale europea. Questo fenomeno, che aveva come meta privilegiata l’Italia, si trasformò progressivamente con l’ascesa della borghesia, evolvendo verso forme di turismo più moderne. William Barnard Clarke (1806–1865), architetto e antiquario inglese, compì un Grand Tour tra il 1838 e il 1840, attraversando Francia e Italia. Fino al 2020, la sua esperienza era poco documentata, ma la riscoperta di 39 disegni ha offerto nuove prospettive sul suo viaggio. Le sue raffigurazioni, incentrate su siti architettonici e archeologici, forniscono testimonianze visive preziose, come nel caso della città romana di Veleia. Clarke, membro attivo della Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, contribuì in modo significativo alla cartografia e agli studi architettonici, con l’obiettivo di diffondere il sapere oltre i circoli accademici. Il suo rapporto con i reperti antichistici si estese anche oltre i suoi viaggi, come testimonia la sua militanza tra le fila dell’Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica di Roma. Il suo viaggio segna la transizione dal Grand Tour aristocratico a un approccio più strutturato e scientifico allo studio del patrimonio culturale, evidenziando il suo ruolo di documentarista e promotore di una conoscenza più accessibile delle antichità europee.

Let $K^r_n$ be the complete $r$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices, that is, the hypergraph whose vertex set is $[n] \, :\! = \{1,2,\ldots ,n\}$ and whose edge set is $\binom {[n]}{r}$. We form $G^r(n,p)$ by retaining each edge of $K^r_n$ independently with probability $p$. An $r$-uniform hypergraph $H\subseteq G$ is $F$-saturated if $H$ does not contain any copy of $F$, but any missing edge of $H$ in $G$ creates a copy of $F$. Furthermore, we say that $H$ is weakly $F$-saturated in $G$ if $H$ does not contain any copy of $F$, but the missing edges of $H$ in $G$ can be added back one-by-one, in some order, such that every edge creates a new copy of $F$. The smallest number of edges in an $F$-saturated hypergraph in $G$ is denoted by ${\textit {sat}}(G,F)$, and in a weakly $F$-saturated hypergraph in $G$ by $\mathop {\mbox{$w$-${sat}$}}\! (G,F)$. In 2017, Korándi and Sudakov initiated the study of saturation in random graphs, showing that for constant $p$, with high probability ${\textit {sat}}(G(n,p),K_s)=(1+o(1))n\log _{\frac {1}{1-p}}n$, and $\mathop {\mbox{$w$-${sat}$}}\! (G(n,p),K_s)=\mathop {\mbox{$w$-${sat}$}}\! (K_n,K_s)$. Generalising their results, in this paper, we solve the saturation problem for random hypergraphs $G^r(n,p)$ for cliques $K_s^r$, for every $2\le r \lt s$ and constant $p$.

This paper presents an experimental overview of linearity metrics using setups based on a PNA-X and a vector signal analyzer to evaluate key performance indicators of a transistor, such as noise power ratio and error vector magnitude, under unequally spaced multi-tone (USMT) and various quadrature amplitude modulation signals. The purpose of this study is to verify the feasibility of characterizing the linearity of transistors and RF power amplifiers on a PNA-X-based measurement bench by exploiting the statistical properties of the previously developed USMT signal, which allows NPR measurement in a single pass. The measurements were performed on an $8 \times 50\,\mu\,\mathrm{m}$ gate GaN transistor from UMS Foundry,operating on-wafer at 29 GHz.

Based on the characteristics of the variable pivot gait during the human load-carrying, this paper proposes a double-leg coordination assistance principle for load-carrying: assisting support of the guiding leg at the heel-pivot stage by the spring to reduce the collision, which can reduce the ankle moment of the following leg that is performing the push-off at the toe-pivot stage. A novel unpowered load-carrying exoskeleton (ULE) with a double-support closed-chain configuration is designed, and the theoretical verification is carried out. Five subjects participate in the load-carrying and metabolic cost experiments for assisting and energy-saving effect evaluation, and the angle and moment of human joints, plantar pressure, spring compression and human net metabolic rate are analyzed. Compared with carrying load by the human alone, wearing the novel ULE with spring reduces the human peak ankle moment performing the push-off by up to 11.9 ± 1.6% (Mean±SE, 10 kg), average ankle moment over the support phase by up to 36.8 ± 9.1% (Mean±SE, 5 kg) and the average vertical plantar pressure by up to 8.1 ± 1%% (Mean±SE, 15 kg). Meanwhile, wearing the novel ULE reduces the human net metabolic rate by 5.6 ± 0.5% (Mean±SE, 10 kg), 4.1 ± 0.7% (Mean±SE, 15 kg) and 5.9 ± 1.6% (Mean±SE, 20 kg). The results show that the novel ULE can provide support and joint moment assistance over the whole support phase while reducing human net metabolic rate. This study can also be applied to the powered load-carrying exoskeleton, providing a new avenue.

Uzelothrips scabrosus Hood is a fungus-feeding thrips rarely encountered in nature that has been recorded in five countries worldwide. This publication aims to report the presence of the species in Oaxaca, Mexico. Larvae and adults of U. scabrosus are known to live in dead branches, where they feed on fungi. Surprisingly, we collected this species from mango flowers. We present the first image of a winged female. Previously recorded in Angola, Australia, Brazil, Singapore, and Indonesia, the present report adds to the global distribution of U. scabrosus and broadens the knowledge of the diversity of thrips in Mexico.

This ethnographic article shows how state institutions in Malaysia classify certain spiritual practices undertaken at the graves of former religious leaders or prophets as superstitious (khurafat) and, therewith, unacceptable in Islam. Many people believe in a “super-power” (keramat) that the dead person had and in the miracles that surrounded them. However, the way the superpower is dealt with at the graves varies greatly depending on the religious and ethnic background of the people. Indian Malaysians make sense of their worshipping practices at the keramat graves on the basis of the conflation between Hindu and Islamic elements. Most Muslim Malays, however, consider this to be against the Islamic sources (Qur’an and Hadith). The meaning they assign to visiting keramat graves and practising rites at these places is characterised by an ambiguity that is reflected in the respect and adoration of the Islamic scholars and the simultaneous refusal to show it – not least because of a revitalisation of Islam in the nation-state. Thus, against the backdrop of syncretic, multireligious and political traditions in Malaysia, the ideological orientation of Islam, as well as the perception of what is considered to be superstitious and magical, is the decisive factor for a canalising, disciplining or even repressive form of handling religious and spiritual practices at the keramat graves.

A redescription of Cloeosiphon aspergillus is presented based on the type material and additional specimens from Madagascar, South Africa, and New Caledonia. Cloeosiphon aspergillus is characterized by its pineapple-shaped anal shield, bidentate hooks arranged in rings, and a continuous longitudinal muscle layer. Additionally, a new species, Cloeosiphon mexicanus sp. nov. is described from the southern Mexican Pacific. This new species differs from C. aspergillus by having an inconspicuous secondary tooth on posterior hooks and the absence of spherical units along the basal margin of the anal shield. Furthermore, a discussion on the synonyms of C. aspergillus is included. This study expands the taxonomic knowledge of the genus Cloeosiphon and highlights the importance of the detailed description for accurate species recognition.

Given a finite abelian group $G$ and $t\in \mathbb{N}$, there are two natural types of subsets of the Cartesian power $G^t$; namely, Cartesian powers $S^t$ where $S$ is a subset of $G$ and (cosets of) subgroups $H$ of $G^t$. A basic question is whether two such sets intersect. In this paper, we show that this decision problem is NP-complete. Furthermore, for fixed $G$ and $S$, we give a complete classification: we determine conditions for when the problem is NP-complete and show that in all other cases the problem is solvable in polynomial time. These theorems play a key role in the classification of algebraic decision problems in finitely generated rings developed in later work of the author.