As Mr. Scudder has charged me with blunders of one sort or other, I am compelled to notice the matter, as slience on my part would properly be construed as an acknlowledgement that he was right.

O. On p. 1805, the synonymy of Argynnis (Brenthis) Freija is given, closing thus: “Argynnis Chariclea Edw., in his catalogues.” And on p. 180, under Chariclea: “Argynnis Freya Edw., in his cat.”

FEMALE. Dimensions of unengorged holotype–1.2 mm. (to tip of scapula) x .78 mm. Colour–pale, dirty white, engorged specimens pale and yellowish.

Capitulum. Length 340 microns (tip of hypostome io dorsal ridge); width (at cornua) 300 microns. Surface of basis capituli smooth and impunctate. Cornua heavily chitinized but not prominent.

During the year 1940 the following interesting additions were made to the entomological collections of the Plant Protection Service of the Quebec Department of Agriculture. All the localities mentioned are in the Province of Quebec.

The Holarctic genus Chrysoclista (Lepidoptera: Agonexenidae) consists of very distinctive, small, brightly coloured moths whose larvae bore in the bark of deciduous trees. There are seven species worldwide including three found in Europe, two found in the Caucasus, and two Nearctic species, C. cambiella (Busck, 1915) and C. villela (Busck, 1904). In addition, the Palearctic species C. linneella (Clerck, 1759) has been introduced to North America (Karsholt 1997).

In Europe, C. linneella is found across most of the continent, in all of the Baltic and Fennoscandian countries, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Austria, Switzerland, France, Spain, Italy, Rumania, Russia (Karsholt and Razowski 1996), Turkey, and Ukraine (S. Koster, personal communication).

Length 2.3-2.4 mm. ; width 1.1 mm. Elongate, suboval, moderately convex, fulvo-pubescent. Piceous with distinct aeneous lustre; each elytron with two yellow spots; the one as long as wide, including hunerus and basal margin and extending inwardly to the third interval; the other elongate oval and slightly oblique, extending from apical third to a point near apex.

Mortality factors affecting populations of the leafminers Argyresthia thuiella (Pack.) and Pulicalvaria thujaella (Kft.), on eastern white cedar in the area of Guelph, Ontario were identified and summarized in life tables. During the two annual generations studied from 1975 to 1977, overwintering mortality varied widely. Winterkill increased from 6.8% to 62.9% for A. thuiella and from 8.1% to 54.6% for P. thujaella, from 1976 to 1977. Several parasitoids produced substantial mortality of each host species, but their effect may have been superseded by winterkill in 1977. Data indicate that both populations of leafminers increased from 1975 to 1976 but decreased substantially from 1976 to 1977.

The genus Gynaephora Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) is represented in North America by two closely related species, Gynaephora groenlandica (Wocke) and Gynaephora rossii (Curtis), whose geographic distributions overlap broadly across the Canadian arctic archipelago (Ferguson 1978; Møllgaard and Morewood 1996). Like other lymantriid moths, females of these species fly little, if at all, whereas males are strong fliers and apparently rely on pheromones to locate mates. Cross-attraction has been observed but there is no confirmed evidence that the two species interbreed. This report describes experiments designed to document reproductive isolation of G. groenlandica and G. rossii at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island (78°53′N, 75°55′W).

The genus to which this very interesting species belongs differs so widely from the rest of the Cynipidæ that it has been separated from the them as a sub-family, under the title Ibaliinœ. Its members can be readily recognized by the cultriform abdomen and more strongly veined wings, as well as by their greater size. The cultriform—i. e., knife-shaped—abdomen is in itself remarkable enough to attract the attention of all who may chance to see the insects.

Seven aphid species, Longistigma chantali from Fagus grandifolia, Diphyllaphis microtrema from Quercus rubra, Hoplochaitophorus heterotrichus from Quercus prinus, Calaphis leonardi from Betula populifolia, Calaphis neobetulella from Betula nigra, Monellia hispida from Carya glabra, and Iziphya mackaueri from Carex sp., are described as new. Neosymydobius quercihabitus Miller and Calaphis betulaecolens (Fitch) are redescribed.

Since 1861, the date of Hagen's Synopsis, only three additional species of Chryospidæ have been recorded from the United States— one from Florida, one from Texas and one from California. During the past summer I received a short note from Mr. A. P. Morse, of Wellesley, Mass., enclosing a few specimens of Chrysopidæ which he thought might prove new to our collection.

During the past five years several thousand samples of lepidopterous larvae have been collected from spruce in the course of the Canadian Forest Insect Survey (1). It was found that a considerable proportion of the species had been hitherto unknown in the larval stage, and that many others had been only briefly or superficially described. In this paper, and in subsequent instalments, descriptions will be presented for those species whose larvae, to the author's knowledge, have never been described before.

The pine tortoise scale, Toumeyella numismaticum (Pettit and McDaniel), was epidemic on jack pine in Marinette, Oconto and Florence counties in northern Wisconsin during 1953 and 1954. In the spring of 1954, 2900 acres of jack pine plantation in Marinette County were heavily infested. Four hundred seventy-four acres had been killed during 1953 by the scale. Some of the timber had been expected to reach marketable pulp log size within the next four to five years. The infested plantations showed the same symptoms as those which died in 1953 had shown during that year.

Ticks of various species are among the most important of the pests of animals, not only because of their direct effects as parasites, but also as a result of maladies they carry. Moreover, they are predisposing agents for attacks by important secondary invaders, such as foot-rot and screw-worm flies.

The Simulium arcticum Malloch sibling (IIS-10.11), which breeds in the Athabasca River (Procunier et al. 1984), is a major pest of cattle in central Alberta (Haufe and Croome 1980). Insecticide treatment of the river is the primary control method with the number of applications per season having increased from one to two treatments since 1978. The timing and number of applications per season are determined from information on larval instar and abundance, which is obtained from an extensive larval monitoring program that is conducted annually from late April to mid-September. Prediction of embryonic development and hatching rates of S. arcticum (IIS-10.11) eggs and when eggs enter diapause would provide for more accurate determination of the timing and number of treatments required each season.

Lyman Entomological Museum—In December, 1914, the H. H. Lyman Bequest established a collection of insects and an entomological library in the Redpath Museum on the McGill Campus of McGill University, Montreal. For various reasons the Lyman collections remained isolated spatially from the Entomology Department of the University. On December 28, 1961, however, the collection and library were moved to more spacious quarters, to be known as the Lyman Entomological Museum, in the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology on the Macdonald College Campus near Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec. The Macdonald College collections have now been amalgarnated with those from Montreal and the first full-time curator has been appointed. It is hoped that a new era of expansion and usefulness has begun.

In May 1990, the carabid beetle fauna of an urban Edmonton, Alta., garden was sampled by hand, and specimens were identified using Lindroth (1968). The most common carabid in the garden was Acupalpus meridianus (L.). Other carabid species found in the same small area included: Carabus nemoralis Müller, Clivina fossor (L.), Amara familiaris (Duftschmid), A. apricaria (Paykull), Agonum placidum (Say), and Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger). All of these except A. placidum are introductions from Europe (Spence and Spence 1988).

Corthylus columbianus Hopkins became permanently established in. the study area in southern Indiana during 1940–62. Three epicenters were present in 1945. Two of these shifted, expanded, and merged the following year. The two remaining epicenters merged during the first outbreak. As the population declined after the first outbreak and began retreating toward the center of the stand, two epicenters were again definable. One of these alternately expanded and contracted for several years demonstrating, qualitatively, that epicenters are definable and dynamic in time and space. That is, any particular locus undergoes some degree of areal shift each year and varies in size through time.

Quantitatively, attack and egg cradle densities within the epicenters follow the same pattern. Densities were generally lowest in the newly invaded areas. Except during epiphytotics, highest density areas were usually aggregated near the center of the stand, but shifted from year to year. For example, only one tree contained a high density in 1954; by 1956 the high density area had shifted spatially and encompassed 10% of the study trees.

An “indigenous population” of C. columbianus is an areal concept. The insect withdrew to certain areas, not certain trees, during times of low population numbers. The “brood” tree concept–a single tree containing all or a majority of the population during times of low population numbers–is rejected in the case of the Columbian timber beetle for the study area in southern Indiana.

Global change research has shown how altering factors like temperature and precipitation can impact insect ecology. However, despite global changes in wind patterns, the effects of altering wind have been relatively unexplored, and even less is understood about indirect effects on insects. To better understand indirect effects of wind on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris); Hemiptera: Aphididae), we performed two experiments using different techniques for simulating mechanical stimulation effects from wind. First, we used either a brush or leaf to simulate plant-to-plant contact caused by wind. Then we tested the indirect effects of wind by distinguishing between wind and wind plus plant contact produced by adjacent plants. In the first experiment, aphid fecundity was reduced on plants with the leaf-to-plant treatment compared to the control. In the second experiment, wind treatments reduced pea aphid fecundity, but wind did not interact with plant density. Our results further the idea that altering wind patterns can influence plant–insect interactions. We also show that more research is necessary to disentangle how and why wind indirectly influences herbivores. Future research should focus on how pea aphid responses to wind change due to the methodology of wind exposure and interactions with additional biotic and abiotic factors.