Coarctation of the aorta accounts for approximately 6–8% of CHDs, typically manifesting as narrowing of the proximal thoracic aorta. Clinical and haemodynamic effects vary depending on the severity and associated anomalies. We aimed to compare the outcomes of surgical versus percutaneous interventions in patients with coarctation of the aorta and to identify factors influencing the choice of treatment strategy.

We retrospectively analysed the medical records of 120 patients diagnosed and treated for coarctation of the aorta at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology over a 12-year period. Patients were grouped by age (0–4 months and >4 months). Clinical and echocardiographic data were reviewed. Treatment selection was based on American Heart Association 2011 guidelines, considering age, weight, and anatomy. Surgical repair was preferred in infants <4 months; balloon angioplasty or stent implantation was used in older patients. Procedural success and complications were assessed.

A total of 62% were male, the median age at diagnosis was 1.1 months, and 67% were diagnosed before 4 months of age. The most common symptom was a cardiac murmur (62.5%). Initially, balloon angioplasty was performed in 50%, surgical repair in 45%, and stent implantation in 5%. The acute success rate was 98.3%. Complications occurred in 13.3%, including thrombosis (7.5%) and aneurysm (2.5%). Recoarctation developed in 43% and was significantly higher after balloon angioplasty compared to surgery (55% vs. 29.6%, p = 0.004), and in patients <4 months (52.2% vs. 25.5%, p = 0.014). Management strategies typically included surgical repair in infants <4 months, balloon angioplasty in older children, and stenting in those ≥25 kg, while treatment was ultimately individualised.

Recoarctation was the most frequent complication, especially among infants under four months and after balloon angioplasty. Surgical repair was associated with a lower risk of recoarctation in early infancy. Percutaneous stent implantation for coarctation is an effective and safe procedure, but it is limited by the patient’s weight. Individualised treatment based on age, anatomy, and clinical status is essential to optimise outcomes.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review existing measures of subjective cognition during menopause and to estimate the correlation between subjective and objective cognition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Eligible studies reported scores for at least one subjective and objective measure of cognition for perimenopausal or postmenopausal women. EMBASE, Medline, and PsycINFO were searched for eligible studies on November 22nd 2024. The risk of bias in individual studies was evaluated using a modified QUADAS-2 form. The results of the review were summarized in narrative form. Studies that reported correlations between subjective and objective cognition were synthesized using a multilevel meta-analysis.

The sample included 5629 participants over 24 studies, including 295 perimenopausal women, 5086 postmenopausal women, and 248 women across mixed peri- and post-menopausal samples. Twelve measures of subjective cognition were used across studies. Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. A small significant correlation was observed between subjective cognition and objective measures of learning efficiency (r = .12; CI = .02 to .23). Correlations across other cognitive domains were non-significant.

Our findings suggest subjective cognition may be associated with performance on measures of learning efficiency, offering a starting point for further research on menopausal brain fog. The present findings highlight the need for a reliable measure of subjective cognitive symptoms associated with menopause. Additionally, a better characterization of the neuropsychological profile of menopausal brain fog is needed to progress research in this field and ultimately improve clinical support for women experiencing these symptoms.

Pediatric cancer survivors are at increased risk for neurocognitive challenges that can impact academic achievement and attainment. Educational supports via accommodations or special education can promote better outcomes for these youth; however, barriers often stand in the way of appropriate supports being implemented. Neuropsychological evaluation reports highlight a child’s neurocognitive strengths and needs, but an additional tool to assist parents and educators in understanding the extent to which a child’s neurocognitive needs are addressed by their educational supports may help ensure appropriate supports.

The present study piloted a novel neurocognitive needs-to-educational supports alignment rubric in a referred sample of pediatric survivors of cancer, bone marrow transplant, and cancer predisposition syndromes (i.e., neurofibromatosis).

Inter-rater reliability across disciplines was satisfactory. Among school-aged patients who were attending public school (n = 90), mean needs-to-supports alignment was 20.3%, indicating that on average, referred patients were receiving minimal classroom supports addressing identified neurocognitive needs. Among the 42.9% with a formal support plan, proportion of needs met by a support rose to only 47%, indicating that in spite of some recognition of patient needs, supports remain inadequate to the breadth of patient needs.

This alignment tool can assist parents and educators in better tailoring a child’s educational supports to meet their needs, serve as a communication tool between healthcare and education teams, and provide a quantitative metric for evaluating educationally focused interventions (e.g., school liaison programming) in youth with a variety of chronic health conditions and developmental disabilities.

Rural and urban environments are exposed to the same types of climate-induced disasters, but rural populations are considered particularly vulnerable to the adverse health effects associated with these disasters. This study compares individual-level public health preparedness for climate-induced disasters in rural versus urban environments and examines the impact of rurality on variables that influence preparedness attitudes and behaviors.

A national, online survey was conducted from April to June 2024. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression models with interaction terms were used to compare the preparedness attitudes and behaviors reported by rural and urban populations.

Rural and urban populations generally shared preparedness attitudes and behaviors, but several significant differences were observed. Regression analysis suggested that rurality interacted with age and income to play a significant role in modifying the odds of having an evacuation plan and reporting concern about the severity of future climate-induced disasters.

Rurality appears to influence certain attitudes and behaviors related to preparedness for climate-induced disasters. Should climate-induced behaviors become more frequent and severe in the future, dedicated efforts should be taken to ensure that these events do not exacerbate health disparities between rural and urban environments.