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Non-sovereign territories today account for more than half the states in the Caribbean but regional and global histories of the twentieth century tend to exclude them from narratives of protest and change. This book argues that our current understanding of global decolonisation is partial. We need a fuller picture which includes both independent and non-independent states, and moves beyond a focus on political independence, instead conceptualising decolonisation as a process of challenging and dismantling colonial structures and legacies. Decolonisation is neither an inevitable nor a linear process, but one which can ebb and flow as the colonial grip is weakened and sometimes restrengthened, often in new forms. Using the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Martinique and Guadeloupe as case studies, Grace Carrington demonstrates that a focus on the processes of decolonisation in these non-sovereign states enriches our understanding of the global experience of twentieth century decolonisation.
This book investigates China’s use of a self-created regional organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), to shape global norms. It argues that self-created regional organizations constitute ideal platforms for emerging powers to promote their normative views internationally. On the one hand, they can serve as frameworks within which to institutionalize the power’s norms, and on the other, they can assist in the dissemination of these norms among a larger group of states. As the first and most established regional organization ever initiated by China, analysis of the SCO provides crucial insights into the Chinese government’s ambitions for norms and rules of contemporary international relations. Based on the analysis of over 400 hand-coded original Chinese-language documents and 18 semi-structured interviews, the research finds that China has used the SCO as a regional platform that both represents and helps promote China’s core normative views and concepts internationally. The organization has institutionalized these formally and in practical actions, and proactively engages in promoting its normative system among a large group of states, including on the stage of the United Nations. The study furthermore finds that numerous states beyond the SCO already share many of the norms and values promoted by the organization, making apparent the contours of an emerging international society that could become an alternative to liberal international society.
Statelessness remains an issue of concern in Europe. Stateless people are without any nationality and often experience problems with accessing basic rights, despite the proclamation of human rights and a right to a nationality for all. Various attempts have been made to address statelessness specifically, for instance by the adoption of the United Nations Statelessness Conventions, but also by European regional cooperation mechanisms. This research therefore analyses and places into context the legal approaches that states have taken together in the context of the Council of Europe and the European Union to prevent and solve statelessness from a human rights perspective. In understanding the contribution of European law to preventing and solving statelessness, the study also reflects on what this adds to the legal concept of nationality and ways in which to move forward.
While regression analysis is widely understood, it falls short in determining the causal direction of relationships in observational data. In this groundbreaking volume, Wiedermann and von Eye introduce Direction Dependence Analysis (DDA), a novel method that leverages variable information often overlooked by traditional techniques, such as higher-order moments like skewness and kurtosis. DDA reveals the asymmetry properties of regression and correlation, enabling researchers to evaluate competing causal hypotheses, assess the roles of variables in causal flows, and develop statistical methods for testing causal direction. This book provides a comprehensive formal description of DDA, illustrated with both artificial and real-world data examples. Additionally, readers will find free software implementations of DDA, making this an essential resource for researchers seeking to enhance their understanding of causal relationships in data analysis.
This groundbreaking book develops a new periodization for understanding contemporary international history. It challenges West-centric approaches by setting up timelines appropriate for a global approach to International Relations.
Cross-border child relocation cases are among the most difficult issues in family law. Commentators across the globe disagree on the interpretation of the child's best interests and the relevance of adults' autonomy in this context. As relocations touch upon free movement - the foundation of European Union law - there is an increasing interest among scholars and practitioners alike in the influence of EU law on child relocation. However, considering the EU’s scope of competence in family law matters and the limited jurisprudence of the Court of Justice on such issues, many questions regarding the reach of EU law have remained open.
This is the first monograph to investigate the dynamics of Europeanisation of cross-border child relocation law. What is the scope and nature of EU law's influence - both current and prospective - on cross-border child relocation? What are its effects on national legal systems? It analyses the European legal framework of child relocation and harmonisation prospects in the field. It demonstrates the limitations of the legal pressures potentially exerted by the EU, considering the nature of its competence, but simultaneously conceptualises EU law’s influences from a constructivist perspective. Free movement constitutes the main paradigm of EU law and a defining feature of its community, shifting the scope of autonomy granted to it by its members. Hence, a mixture of traditional values and new ways of life might lead to new dilemmas regarding the assessment of children's and adults’ interests in child relocation cases.
Since the 2012 LASPO cuts, legal aid provision in England and Wales has faced severe challenges, threatening both client access to justice and traditional practices. This book offers an in-depth ethnographic study of how these cuts have transformed the professional identity of legal aid lawyers amid shrinking resources. By documenting the first-hand experiences of those on the front line, it reveals how these professionals navigate the precarious landscape while maintaining their commitment to justice. This is a unique and insightful look into the evolving role of legal aid lawyers in a diminishing industry across both civil and criminal remits.
The idea that God became incarnate as a human is a doctrine at the core of historic Christianity. Defined by the Great Councils and Creeds of the Christian church, the study of this doctrine, christology, has been a focus of inquiry for two millennia. This Companion reflects the most recent paths of inquiry for our understanding of christology. Covering Biblical and other sources, it explores the reception of christology over the course of Christianity's history, from the early patristic ages to postmodernity, as well Jewish and Islamic treatments of the christological claims. The volume also considers the recent contributions of systematic theology, metaphysics, and political theology to the study of christology. It demonstrates how the conceptual substance of christological doctrine interacts with a range of areas on the intellectual landscape. Designed for use by students and experts, The Cambridge Companion to Christology also points to the new and dynamic directions in scholarship on this topic.
Which policies can help households improve their economic, social and political status? Building Social Mobility is an in-depth exploration of how policies to subsidize homeownership in low- and middle-income countries shape beneficiaries' decision-making in nearly every facet of their lives. Tanu Kumar develops a multidimensional and cross-disciplinary theory that argues that these initiatives affect how citizens invest in the future, climb out of poverty, develop agency in their social relationships, and exert power in local politics. Kumar supports the theory using a multi-method study of three policies in India. Evidence includes a natural experiment, original surveys, paired qualitative interviews, and an 18-year matched panel study. Building Social Mobility is a book about both housing and behavior. It goes beyond assessing the effects of an important policy to provide deep insights about how upwardly mobile citizens make decisions and the interactions between wealth, dignity, and voice in low- and middle-income countries.
One hundred years after the publication of his first major work, Ernest Hemingway remains an important author. His work addressed the search for meaning in the wake of a 'Great War' and amid the challenges of rapidly changing social conventions, and his prose style has influenced generations of journalists and writers. Hemingway was wounded on the battlefield and caught up throughout his life in conflicting desires. He was also a deeply committed artist, a restless experimenter with the elements of narrative form and prose style. This book's detailed discussions, informed both by close formal analysis and by contemporary critical frameworks, tease out the complexity with which Hemingway depicted disabled characters and romantic relationships in changing historical and cultural contexts. This introduction is especially useful for students and teachers in literary studies and modernism.
Leaders abounded in the ancient world, from kings, pharaohs, emperors, tyrants, politicians, and orators to generals, minor officials and intellectuals. This book opens fresh perspectives on leadership by examining under-explored topics, posing new questions and revisiting old concepts. In particular, it seeks to shift attention from constitutional issues stricto sensu (such as kingship, monarchy, tyranny, etc.) or, more productively, to prompt a re-examination of these issues through the lens of leadership. The volume includes chapters on a range of cultures from across the ancient world in order to promote comparative reflection. Key questions include whether some models of good and bad leadership were universal among ancient cultures or exhibited differences? Why did a certain culture emphasise one leadership quality while another insisted on another? Why did only some cultures develop a theoretical discourse on leadership? How did each culture appropriate, define, redefine (or react) to existing concepts of leadership?
How does the mind lend itself to artistic creation and appreciation? How should we study minds and arts in ways that transform our understanding of both? This book examines the concepts of art and cognition from the complementary perspectives of philosophy, the empirical sciences, and the humanities. Central chapters combine examples of visual art, music, literature, and film with the properties of cognition that they illuminate, including 4E cognition, predictive processing, and theories of affect and emotion. These aspects of cognition are undergoing theoretical shifts that complicate established understandings of the mind and its encounter with the arts. As the book takes stock of recent developments in aesthetics that have incorporated empirical findings (Naturalized Aesthetics), it also envisions a new generation of cognitive science with robust ties to history and literature (the Cognitive Humanities). In this way, Cognition and the Arts can be seen as a model of interdisciplinary scholarship.
This book combines Western history of death with sociology and philosophy to explore our approach to death. It examines sociological debates, the cultural construction of death and uses existential phenomenology and Freudian psychology to examine the search for meaning in our finite lives.
Ideal for researchers and practitioners looking for fresh approaches to transport problems, this book combines cutting-edge qualitative and qualitative knowledge to inform transport futures. It uses engaging case studies based in The Gambia and the US to show how and why a transdisciplinary approach can result in better planning decisions.
Through the web of library catalogues, library management systems and myriad digital resources, libraries have become repositories not only for physical and digital information resources but also for enormous amounts of data about the interactions between these resources and their users. Bringing together leading practitioners and academic voices, this book considers library catalogue data as a vital research resource.
Divided into four sections, each approaches library catalogues, collections and records from a different angle, from exploring methods for examining such data; to the politics of catalogues and library data; their interdisciplinary potential; and practical uses and applications of catalogues as data. Other topics the volume discusses include: Practical routes to preparing library catalogue data for researchers; The ethics of library metadata privacy and reuse; Data-driven decision making; Data quality and collections bias; Preserving, resurrecting and restoring data; The uses and potential of historical library data; The intersection of catalogue data, AI and Large Language Models (LLMs).
This comprehensive book will be an essential read for practitioners in the GLAM sector, particularly those dealing with collections and catalogue data, and LIS academics and students.
Interweaving a social history of string playing with a collective biography of its participants, this book identifies and maps the rapid nationwide development of activities around the violin family in Britain from the 1870s to about 1930. Highlighting the spread of string playing among thousands of people previously excluded from taking up a stringed instrument, it shows how an infrastructure for violin culture coalesced through an expanding violin trade, influential educational initiatives, growing concert life, new string repertoire, and the nascent entertainment and catering industries. Christina Bashford draws a freshly broad picture of string playing and its popularity, emphasizing grassroots activities, amateurs' pursuits, and everyday work in the profession's underbelly—an approach that allows many long-ignored lives to be recognized and untold stories heard. The book also explores the allure of stringed instruments, especially the violin, in Britain, analyzing and contextualizing how the instruments and their players, makers, and collectors were depicted and understood.
This book explores the futures of work with an in-depth analysis of Australia's industrial relations policies. Tackling issues like gender, wage theft and work and family as well as universal challenges posed by the climate change, the pandemic and technological advances, expert authors reshape our understanding of labour markets.
Drawing on an unprecedented institutional ethnography of UK universities, this book uses feminist and gender lenses to critique the power, culture and structure of Higher Education institutions. Challenging the myths of how academia is governed by audit processes, it provides an opportunity to re-read and re-write these institutions from within.
This book traces the origins of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the broader context of universalism since the beginning of the twentieth century. Drawing on rich first-hand data, including expert interviews and archival research, this book adopts a historical-sociological methodology to analyse some of UHC's key political dynamics.
The Nightwatchman extends the literature on colonial photography and dress by exploring the representation of black men in South African portraiture. The Nightwatchman: Representing Black Men in Colonial South Africa brings into focus African men in colonial uniforms as a subject of portraiture. While colonial governments co-opted and conscripted Africans into military and policing services, it was after the Zulu defeat of the English in the battle of Isandlwana that a genre of photography developed around images of the 'Zulu warrior' and 'Zulu policeman'.
In this illustrated collection of essays, Hlonipha Mokoena extends the literature on colonial ethnographic photography by creating a narrative of nightwatchman portraiture from the rich archive of images. Although the origins of this genre lay in the representation of 'Fingoes' (amaMfengu) during the frontier wars, she argues that the spectacle of the Zulu male body was inaugurated after the last Zulu king, Cetshwayo, was photographed as a posing subject.
While much research has focused on the African man employed in emasculating labour or as a functionary of settler power, this book shifts debates about how the body moves in history. Placed in uniform, the male subject becomes aestheticised and admired. Mokoena focuses on the sartorial selection processes and co-optation of colonial aesthetic culture that constructed the idea of the Nonqgqayi or nightwatchman as a fully formed photographic presence. The beauty captured in these images upends conceptions of colonial photography as a tool of oppression.