The occurrence of religious symptoms in obsessive compulsive disorder OCD patients ranges from 0% up to 93%. Although, frequent and influential nature of these symptoms, the explanations of its complexity and phenomenology are deficient in the literature.

Determine the most frequent OC religious symptoms among OCD patients. Assess relation between the frequent symptoms of religious OCD and depression.

Cross-sectional study was conducted among 115 consented patients diagnosed as OCD according to DSM-IV. Patients were recruited in one year from Psychiatric clinics, Zagazig University, Egypt. Psychiatric interview and psychometric assessment using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and OC religious symptom scale [1] were done.

The majority of patients (57.4%) had various religious OC symptoms. About 44% had doubts in religion in general (e.g. existence of God) and 11.3% had Blasphemous ideas. More than one third reported doubts about performing prayers and ablution perfectly; 34.8% repeatedly claimed they forgot to declare intention to pray, 36.5% had doubts about violating their ablution and 29.6% were skeptical about doing all ablution duties. Moreover, 23.5% reported slow or repeated readings in prayers, 25.2% had suspicions of breaking their fasting. A strong correlation between religious OC symptoms and total score of OC symptoms scale was confirmed. Most of our patients showed positive correlation between degree of depression and total score OC symptoms scale.

Muslim patient present with specific phenomenology of religious OC symptoms. These symptoms are very frequent and negatively influencing their mood.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Bipolar disease is a chronic mental illness with a deep personal and social impact. Alongside with the considerable progress in understanding and treating bipolar disorder, and despite the growing interest in geriatric psychiatry, late onset bipolar disorder has been relatively little studied so far.

To review the literature regarding the epidemiology, characteristics and clinical implications of late onset bipolar disorder.

A literature review was performed by searching articles in Pubmed, using the following search terms: “late onset bipolar disorder” and “elderly bipolar disorder”. All literature in English published in the last 15 years was examined and 11 articles were selected.

Although the frequency of bipolar disorder type 1 or 2 decrease with age, approximately 6 to 8% of the new cases of bipolar disorder develop in people over 60 years of age. Clinically, late-onset bipolar disorder appears to be associated with a better level of pre-morbid functioning, a less severe psychopathology as well as a smaller family burden of psychiatric illness. The term “secondary mania” postulated by Krauthmamer Klerman has been used to describe a bipolar disease variant associated with a variety of organic factors that may be responsible for this late-onset disease.

Late onset bipolar disorder is probably a different diagnostic than the entity that occurs in younger patients, since it presents with a different clinical presentation. It is a heterogeneous disease with a complex etiology that still needs more research.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

There has been little attention in the research literature on the relationships between psychological adjustment and aging.

This research aims at examining the relationships between older adults' psychological adjustment, and aging.

The measures used to in the study were selected to assess the reliability and validity of one new instrument, Adjustment to Aging Schedule (ATAS). Measures were completed using a variety of culturally appropriate methods, including mail-outs, self-administration and interviews. For the purposes of this study, the Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-6D), one measure of cognitive functioning - the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and demographics, were included. All variables had fewer than 2% missing values and there complete data were available for 212 older adults (mean age 86.2, SD = 5.4, (range 74–101)) from eight different nationalities. Exploratory factor analyses were run for data reduction and for exploring theoretical structure. Controlling for age, gender and country of origin, we assessed the level of psychological adjustment of elderly people, and its impact on aging.

Psychological adjustment appears to be a catalyst to attitudinal markers of maturity and internal development which in turn impact aging, across cultures. All estimates were statistically significant (p < .01).

This cross-cultural study illuminates links among psychological adjustment and aging in older age, warranting further study across cultures among frailer populations over time. Recommendations for future research on older adults' psychological adjustment and clinical interventions are also presented.

Fronto-temporal connections have long been thought to be involved in schizophrenia. Two fronto-temporal connections of interest are uncinate fasciculus (UF) and cingulum bundle (CB), which recently have been investigating using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), a new technique that affords an opportunity to evaluate white matter fiber integrity in vivo. Using this technique, we previously reported abnormalities in UF and CB in chronic patients. Additionally, we noted that schizotypal personality disordered subjects showed UF but not CB abnormalities.

Here, we sought to determine whether or not UF and CB white matter integrity are altered at initial onset of illness, and are specific to schizophrenia. We evaluated twelve first-episode schizophrenia, 12 first-episode affective psychosis and 12 controls using DTI on a 1.5T magnet. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (Dm) were used to quantify water diffusion, and cross-sectional area was defined with a directional threshold method.

Findings showed bilateral reduction of UF FA, but not Dm, in first-episode schizophrenia compared with controls and first-episode affective psychotic patients. For CB, there were no statistically significant group differences for either FA or Dm.

These findings suggested that UF white matter integrity, but not CB white matter integrity, is altered at initial onset of schizophrenia and may be specific to schizophrenia. In contrast, CB abnormalities are not present at first episode of schizophrenia and may reflect progressive changes that occur over the course of the illness. The latter will need to be investigated using a longitudinal design.

Alexithymia is further linkedwith psychosomatic disorders such as migraine headaches, lower back pain,irritable bowel syndrome, asthma, nausea, allergy, and fibromyalgia, is correlated with particularillnesses, such as hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, functionaldyspepsia and some anxiety disorders.

956 young persons with psychosomaticdiseases: bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, arterialhypertension.

To investigate interconnections of clinical,psychological and psychosocial factors in the development of emotional disorders in young patientswith different psychosomatic diseases.

Clinical-psychopathological, HARS,HADS, TAS, Buss-Durkey Inventory, Predictive ability inventory.

Anxiety disorders were observed in25,1 ± 1,2% of the total number of patients, alsodominated by anxiety reactions (10,8 ± 2,2%). In patients with asthmasignificantly more frequently met panic disorder, agoraphobia, isolated phobia. In patients with hypertension in many cases found generalized anxiety disorder(p < 0,01). The frequency of psychopathological symptoms that met ICD-10 F54category (38% ± 3,1% of patients with PSD) and their role as risk factors for emotionaldisorders and in the course of somatic diseases. Based on a survey of patientswith different psychosomatic diseases, identified specific combination of psychological features(alexythymia, low predictive ability, high levels of aggression), which are thepredisposition to the development of psychosomatic illness, and interconnectedwith emotional (anxiety and depressive) disorders.

Identified specific combination of psychological features(alexythymia, low predictive ability, high levels of aggression), which are thepredisposition to the development of psychosomatic illness, and interconnectedwith emotional (anxiety and depressive) disorders.

Genetic basis of complex traits including behavioral phenotypes are often studied in animal (such as rodent) sets of the recombinant inbred (RI) strains. This study evaluated hippocampus-dependent learning in the active place avoidance, referred here to as Carousel maze, in the HXB/BXH recombinant inbred (RI) strains (N = 30) derived from SHR/Ola and BN-Lx/Cub strains.

The Carousel maze involves avoidance of a stable unmarked sector on a slowly rotating circular arena. Moreover, we recorded the open-field behavior and beam-walking performance in the RI set.

We observed large inter-strain variability in the carousel arena performance and analysis of within/between-strain variances suggested a significant heritability. We have analyzed possible genetic determinants of this parameter using a web-based tool www.genenetwork.org. We detected no significant QTL for learning, suggesting that learning in HXB/BXH RI strains is determined by many loci rather than oligogenetically. From previously published phenotypes, we observed significant correlations of maximum time avoided on the final reversal session with several metabolic and cardiovascular traits. Maximum time avoided on the final reversal session also showed two suggestive QTLs and a significant QTL for locomotor activity. Several correlations with cardiovascular traits were detected.

A more detailed elaboration of behavioral parameters including further QTL mapping and also analysis of covariance of multiple parameters from the Carousel maze and open-field test with physiological traits and gene expression will contribute to understanding of regulatory genetic relationships between these phenotypes.

Subjective perceptions of clinical change in patients with schizophrenia are often not congruent to the objective evidence of the same, especially since a lack of insight is part of the symptomatology. However, the exploration of the relationship between clinical judgments from mental health experts and the patients’ perception of symptom change is fairly understudied.

This study aimed to investigate the performance of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) as a tool for clinical outcome monitoring in schizophrenia in concordance with the change of self-reported psychopathology assessed with the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) in patients with a schizophrenia.

A consecutive sample of patients admitted to a Swiss psychiatric hospital for schizophrenia was assessed with the FCQ at admission and discharge. The PANSS was rated by the responsible clinicians at admission and discharge. Complete data of admission and discharge were available from approximately 60 cases. Reliable change index (RCI) was calculated to determine a clinically meaningful change based on the PANSS scores. Logistic regression models were conducted to explore the link between RCI levels and the change of self-reported perceptions of psychopathology.

Our study found no relationship between the change of PANSS and FCQ from admission to discharge in a sample of patients treated for schizophrenia. Therefore, our findings provide evidence for a large discrepancy between the observed clinical severity and the subjective perception of symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

With the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, there has been the dissemination of an enormous amount of information, through multiple channels, from different sources and with an often unverifiable basis (infodemic). In recent years, there has been debate in the literature about the possibility that different information channels (social media vs traditional media) can determine a more or less extensive emotional contagion regardless of the severity and direct exposure to the stressful event and more precisely through a ‘secondhand’ exposure to events.

We want to investigate whether the information channel or the amount of time dedicated to the update is associated with greater psychological sequelae.

This study is based on a cross-sectional online survey conducted anonymously in the period between the tenth and seventeenth day of shelter in place in Italy. We used Zung Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale and Perceived Stress Scale 4. SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.

We collected data on 1047 individuals. In our sample, the Internet was the primary health information channel (55%) followed by TV (36%). Most TV and internet users spend about 1-3 hours a day for the update. There was no correlation between the time spent or the information channel used and higher levels of stress and anxiety.

In our opinion, this relationship between the time spent receiving information or the most widely used information channel and psychological disorders is not clear. Is it the news channel causing an emotional contagion or are the most anxious people looking for news anywhere and anytime?

CBS becomes more prevalent as the population ages. CBS is characterized by the triad of impairment of vision, complex visual hallucinations with insight, mentally normal people. Although visual hallucinations in the elderly are often associated with dementia with Lewy body, Alzheimer's disease and delirium, they are excluded from the diagnosis of typical CBS. Here, we describe three typical CBS patients whose visual hallucinations developed after bilateral severe visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy. The effectiveness of agomelatine adds to evidence implicating serotonergic and melatoninergic pathways in the pathogenesis of visual hallucinations.

The average age of these three patients (2 males and 1 female) is 71. Except for the visual hallucinations, all patients showed no psychiatric symptoms or cognitive decline or neurological focal signs. They were frequently upset by the fact of hallucinating, fearing that they are losing their minds. They lived in fear of impending insanity, guilty feeling, unhappy mood, insomnia. The frequency of visual hallucinations stopped with agomelatine 25 mg/day for 3 weeks in these cases.

To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the effectiveness of agomelatine in treating typical CBS patients and indicates that agomelatine is an safer option for the treatment of CBS, especially in the elderly, diabetic population. Therapeutic options for CBS still remain poor and of uncertain benefit for the individual patient. CBS has a high prevalence rate (0.4%–30%) among the visually impaired. Clinicians must ask elderly people with visual impairment whether they have hallucinations. Firm reassurance that the syndrome is not related to mental illness is a major relief to an elderly person burdened already with failing vision.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Risperidone-ISM is a new long acting intramuscular formulation of risperidone, for monthly administration without oral supplementation.

To characterize the pharmacokinetic of risperidone over multiple intramuscular injections in patients with schizophrenia.

A multicenter, open label, two-arm, parallel design clinical trial was performed. Each patient received 4 intramuscular injections of 75 mg of risperidone-ISM in either, gluteal or deltoid muscle at 28-day intervals.

A total of 70 patients were randomized, 67 received at least one dose of study medication. Preliminary data show that mean Cmax of the active moiety was achieved 24-48 hours (Tmax) after each administration and ranged over four consecutive doses from 39.6-53.2 ng/mL and 54.1-61 ng/mL, when given in gluteal or deltoid, respectively. All subjects achieved therapeutic levels (> 7.5 ng/mL for the active moiety) between 2-8 hours after drug administration. The mean concentrations were maintained above therapeutic levels throughout the 4-week dosing period. No significance changes across the study were observed, either on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale or Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale. Overall, 63 subjects (94%) experienced at least 1 Treatment Emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) during the study. One serious TEAE (dystonia) was related to study treatment. One death not related to study medication was informed. The most frequently reported TEAEs were hyperprolactinaemia (57.7%) and injection site pain (32.8%).

Risperidone-ISM achieved therapeutic levels from the first hours after drug administration and provided a sustained release throughout the 4-weeks dosing period over multiple intramuscular injections independently of the injection site. Risperidone-ISM was found to be safe and well tolerated.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a relatively high toll on the quality of life of the patient and caregiver. It has a high financial, emotional and psychosocial burden. Surprisingly, optimum academic and educational outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia have been a neglected area of research and service provision.

Development of an interview schedule assessing the helpful and hindering factors affecting the educational attainment in persons with schizophrenia.

Twenty-one participant were recruited (11 patients and 10 caregivers) from August 2014 to 2015 using purposive sampling and interviewed in a semi-structured qualitative fashion. Patients were between 16–25 years of age. Data collection and interpretation continued iteratively till saturation of factors was achieved. The list of factors (hindering/helping) was compiled and sent to a panel of 14 experts. They rated the schedule and the individual factors on a Likert scale. Reliability and validity parameters were tested and the final schedule was formulated.

The final schedule contained 17 hindering and 18 helping factors. Detailed instructions to the interviewer for administration of the schedule are included. The factors have been further subdivided into illness related and illness unrelated. Some of the major hindering factors were symptoms of illness, medication side effects, delay in treatment initiation, perceived conflict in parents, lack of motivation. The major helpful factors were adequate symptom control, withholding inpatient care, spirituality, and peer group acceptance.

Service provisions for ensuring optimal educational achievement can be formulated by assessing the felt needs and hindrances of patients and their caregivers.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The endophenotype concept of schizophrenia represents an important approach in the exploration of the neurobiology of the illness. An important characteristic of an endophenotype, that it can be found among the healthy, first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia.

We evaluated two systematic reviews of studies on two potential endophenotypes (theory of mind and informative morphogenetic variants) to confirm the possibility of them as biological and cognitive markers of the illness.

We planned to explore data from theory of mind and informative morphogenetic variant studies among the relatives of schizophrenia patients.

We evaluated two researches of studies published in PubMed, Medline,Web of Science and PsycINFO between the period of 1968 and 2014 (informative morphogenetic variants studies) and 1980 and 2014 (theory of mind studies).

11 studies on the appearence of informative morphogenetic variants in the relatives of schizophrenia patients were found with mixed results, while 15 studies and two meta-analyses were analysed on theory of mind studies among the first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia,the exploration of the latter studies showed also diverse findings.

Futher research is needed to clarify theory of mind and informative morphogentic variant alternations as endophenotypic markers of schizophrenia.

Acknowledgement: This study was supported by the National Brain Research Program Grant no. NAP KTIA NAP-A-II/12.

Although many people with mental illness (PMI) may self-concur with negative stereotypes of mental illness ('stereotype self-concurrence”) at some point, they may have different degrees of habitual recurrence of such self-defeating perceptions ('habitual self-stigma”), which could further exacerbate the experience of self-stigma and perpetuate its adverse effects on mental well-being. The present study evaluated the prevalence of stereotype self-concurrence and habitual self-stigma in a community sample of 187 PMI in Hong Kong.

Stereotype self-concurrence was assessed using the Self-Stigma Scale—Short Form. The 9-item SSS-SF was rated on a 6-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree). Categories of minimal (<3), mild (3-3.5), moderate (3.5-4), and severe (>4) levels of stereotype self-concurrence were defined based on the mean scores of SSS-SF.

Habitual self-stigma was assessed using the Self-stigmatizing Thinking’s Automaticity and Repetition (STAR) scale. The 8-item STAR was rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Categories of minimal (<2), mild (2-3), moderate (3-4), and severe (>4) levels of habitual self-stigma were defined based on the mean scores of STAR.

Stereotype self-concurrence was minimal in 40.1% of participants, mild in 9.1%, moderate in 16.6%, and severe in 34.2%. Among participants with mild-to-severe stereotype self-concurrence, the prevalence of minimal, mild, moderate, and severe habitual self-stigma was, respectively, 2.7%, 33%, 56.3%, and 8%.

Self-stigma appears to be a common experience among PMI. The development of interventions to target stereotype self-concurrence and habitual self-stigma deserves high priority in research efforts.

Persons with substance use disorders (SUD) smoke at strikingly high rates and tobacco use cessation rates are notably low in this population. Contingency Management (CM) is effective to promote substance abstinence, including tobacco, in a large range of populations. CM is scarcely implemented in clinical settings mainly due to barriers at the therapist and organizational levels.

The study sought to examine the additive effectiveness of CM on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) over long-term smoking abstinence in persons undergoing SUD treatment.

A total of 54 smokers (75.9% males, Mage=46.19, SD=9.21) were randomly assigned to CBT (n=30) or to CBT+CM (n=24). Interventions consisted of eight weeks of group-based therapy. Participants were instructed to gradually reduce their nicotine intake by 20% weekly. The CM arm was voucher-based, and the primary outcome was biochemically verified tobacco abstinence (CO≤4ppm, and urine cotinine≤80ng/ml).

A total of 42/54 (77.78%) participants completed the treatment (73.33% in CBT and 83.33% in CBT+CM; p=.380). At the end of treatment, participants in CBT+CM showed higher 24-hour smoking abstinence (50% vs. 20%, p=.032); however, both treatment conditions show equal abstinence rates in the remaining follow-ups (CBT1month= 13.33% vs. CBT+CM1month= 25%; CBT2months= 10% vs. CBT+CM2months= 16.66%; CBT3months= 10% vs. CBT+CM3months= 16.66%; CBT6months= 10% vs. CBT+CM6months= 8.33%; all p-values ≥ .244).

CM facilitates early abstinence outcomes in smokers with SUD more than CBT only does. However, no additive effects of CM were observed at long-term, suggesting the convenience to intensify CM schedules or using technology platforms for incentives delivery.

No significant relationships.

Preeclampsia is a new-onset hypertension with new-onset proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation. Scarce evidence regarding psychiatric effects of preeclampsia is available.

To describe a case of a pregnant 24 year-old patient with a premature cesarean section in context of severe preeclampsia and dissociative symptoms.

Patient referred to a third-level hospital for cesarean section due to a severe preeclampsia at week 32, in whom magnesium sulfate, labetalol perfusion and betamethasone are started. In the puerperium period only labetalol up to 300 mg/6h is maintained.

Due to the appearance of pulsating headache and photophobia, a computerized tomography is conducted, showing bilateral insular and occipital hypodensity related to vasogenic edema. High blood pressure is maintained (177/121 mmHg) despite antihypertensive treatment. A magnetic resonance imaging and an ophthalmologic exam do not show significant abnormalities and blood pressure is stabilized with treatment. However, the patient refers new-onset auditory imperative hallucinations and suicide thoughts, being referred to our Acute Psychiatric Ward for clinical assessment and intervention. Treatment with risperidone 2 mg is started. The day after her admission, she does not refer psychotic symptoms, explaining depersonalization symptoms in the previous 5 days, seeing herself having to choose a knife to commit suicide. After discharge, she maintains reiterative dreams in which she falls down from a building, not presenting dissociative symptoms during the day.

Further evidence regarding psychiatric effects of preeclampsia is needed in order to study the consequences of edema and pharmacological treatment. Blood pressure and psychiatric symptoms monitoring after preeclampsia should also be considered.

No significant relationships.

The prevalence of mental disorders in Higher Education Students (HES) is high and has shown a worrying growth. However, only a small percentage of HES in need of psychological support request it, due to the stigma related to mental illness, requesting informal help from friends and family. Training and increasing Mental Health Literacy (MHL) have been stated as appropriate strategies to reduce stigma and increase the demand for professional psychological support. However, with the increase in the demand for help, the difficulty of providing an adequate response from psychological support of HE services also increases. Therefore, procedures that develop socio-emotional skills in the HES and strategies that enhance the responsiveness of these services are necessary.

Taking in consideration the literature review in this field, we develop a project to improve the mental health of HES. The project objectives’: a) the reduction of stigma related to mental disorders through the promotion of MHL in the academic community; b) the promotion of mental health and socio-emotional skills of HES; c) increasing detection and active search for professional mental health support, and d) the implementation of psychological intervention based on a stepped care model that provides an adequate response to most of the students’ mental health needs, according to individual needs.

The project proposes to perform the following methods: a) training in mental health open to the academic community, which will aim to train volunteers to be Gatekeepers, in order to promote awareness, detection and referral of students in need of professional psychological support; b) implementation of a Student Observatory, with tracking of psychopathological symptoms, supported on the Web; c) implementation of a psychological intervention program based on a stepped care model, which will include the following progressive phases by severity: 1) digital self-help manual; 2) web-based self-help groups; 3) psychological intervention groups supported by the Web; 4) face-to-face intervention groups and 5) individual psychological intervention.

Students will be assessed before and after each step of care, with the following psychological instruments: Mental Health Inventory (MHI); Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7).

The implementation of the presented methods expect to achieve improvements on HES’ mental health, namely improvement of MHI, reduction of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 after each step of the psychological care.

The project presented encloses evidence-based interventions, with inspiration on psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral approaches, and it is expected to contribute to the improvement of mental health of HES. The results will be collected and disseminated. We encourage other researcher and clinicians to perform studies about the mental health of HES.

None Declared

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has a multifactorial aetiology, and wide-ranging potential health complications, including brain health associations.

A number of diabetes risk factors and complications have a strong evidence base. This study will address ambiguity in the literature regarding others.

Results will inform development of a questionnaire for use among the public and individuals with diabetes, assessing knowledge of diabetes and brain health associations and the role of modifiable risk factors. Aiming to ultimately inform effective preventative strategies for both dementia and depression.

A systematic literature review preceded this two-round modified Delphi study. Respondents rated their agreement with risk factors for T2DM, and potential complications of diabetes on an e-questionnaire.

Of 46 international experts invited to participate in round-one; 14 responded (30.4%). Thirteen respondents (92.9%) completed round-two questionnaire. Consensus was pre-defined as 70% or more agreement between respondents on questionnaire items. On completion, 11/18 risk factor items for T2DM met consensus criteria however ‘depression’ did not. Of diabetes complication items, 13/16 met consensus criteria (see Table 1).

Study results indicate that international experts consider a number of brain health complications to be associated with diabetes. Results will be incorporated in a diabetes and brain health knowledge questionnaire for use among vulnerable populations.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The concept of person is connected to personality and self-transcendence belongs to its structure, as core component. The assessment of self-transcendence as part of human personality opens the gate of self-awareness in personology. Robert Cloninger is a distinctive researcher because he states that the comprehensive assessment of the human being includes the moral-spiritual dimension which implies deep self-awareness, in the absence of which subjective well-being is not possible.

Thus, in Cloninger's view self-transcendence is a character dimension. Self-transcendent individuals are often described as un-demanding, fulfilled, enduring, creative, altruistic, spiritualized. High self-transcendence has adaptive advantages when the individuals deals with suffering and death, which are inevitable once the person grows older.

131 patients with personality disorder aged 19 to 62 were included in the study. Temperament and Character Inventory; Multicultural Quality of Life Index (J. Mezzich et all, 2000).

The assessment of the relationship between the scores in personality dimensions and the quality of life.

Significant correlations were ascertained between the character dimension Self-transcendence and the Multicultural Quality of Life Index. Thus, according to this correlation analysis, (r2 = 0,035) of the variation of the score on the Multicultural Quality of Life Index is given by variations of the Self-Transcendence score.

The assessment of the self-transcendence dimension as part of human personality opens the doors of knowledge in personology.

Human personality directly influences scores in quality of life scales through character dimensions.