The purpose of this paper is to characterize the weight functions for which the Hardy operator , with non-decreasing function ƒ, is bounded between various weighted Lp-spaces for a wide range of indices. Our characterizations complement for the most part those of E. T. Sawyer [11] and V. D. Stepanov [15] for the Hardy operator of non-increasing function.

We demonstrate that the notions of bi-free independence and combinatorial-bi-free independence of two-faced families are equivalent using a diagrammatic view of bi-non-crossing partitions. These diagrams produce an operator model on a Fock space suitable for representing any two-faced family of non-commutative random variables. Furthermore, using a Kreweras complement on bi-non-crossing partitions we establish the expected formulas for the multiplicative convolution of a bi-free pair of two-faced families.

Let G be a finite simple group and let F be an algebraically closed field. A faithful projective F-representation of G of smallest possible degree often cannot be lifted to an ordinary representation of G, though it can of course be lifted to an ordinary representation of some central extension of G. It is a natural question to ask whether by considering non-central extensions, it is possible in some cases to decrease the smallest degree of a faithful projective representation.

A sequence (xn) (n = 1, 2, . . .) is periodic if xn+p = xn for some p and all n. Periodic sequences arise naturally in geometry and arithmetic in the study of mosaic patterns [4], continued fractions and frieze patterns [3; 5]. Some digital oscillators and tone generators also generate periodic sequences. In these cases one computes the period p of the sequence in question. On the other hand, in pseudo random sequences and cryptography [8] it is required to recursively generate sequences of large periods.

Factorization structures on a category form a useful categorical tool. As is known, any , satisfying suitable completeness—and smallness—conditions, has a sufficient supply of factorization structures; in fact, there is a bijection between the class of all epireflective (full and isomorphism- closed) subcategories of and the class of all so called perfect factorizationstructures of In this paper, for an arbitrary category supplied with a fixed factorization structure (E, M), a similar bijection between the class of all E-reflective (full and isomorphism-closed) subcategories of and the class of all (E, M)-dispersed factorization structures on , introduced in this paper, will be established.

An explicit formula is derived for the logarithmic Mahler measure $m(P)$ of $P(x,\,y)\,=\,P(x)y-q(x)$, where $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ are cyclotomic. This is used to find many examples of such polynomials for which $m(P)$ is rationally related to the Dedekind zeta value ${{\text{ }\!\!\zeta\!\!\text{ }}_{F}}(2)$ for certain quadratic and quartic fields.

This paper is a continuation of $[6]$. We consider the model subspaces ${{K}_{\Theta }}={{H}^{2}}\ominus \Theta {{H}^{2}}$ of the Hardy space ${{H}^{2}}$ generated by an inner function $\Theta $ in the upper half plane. Our main object is the class of admissible majorants for ${{K}_{\Theta }}$, denoted by Adm $\Theta $ and consisting of all functions $\omega $ defined on $\mathbb{R}$ such that there exists an $f\ne 0,f\in {{K}_{\Theta }}$ satisfying $|f\left( x \right)|\,\le \,\omega \left( x \right)$ almost everywhere on $\mathbb{R}$. Firstly, using some simple Hilbert transform techniques, we obtain a general multiplier theorem applicable to any ${{K}_{\Theta }}$ generated by a meromorphic inner function. In contrast with $[6]$, we consider the generating functions $\Theta $ such that the unit vector $\Theta \left( x \right)$ winds up fast as $x$ grows from $-\infty \,\text{to}\,\infty $. In particular, we consider $\Theta \,=\,B$ where $B$ is a Blaschke product with “horizontal” zeros, i.e., almost uniformly distributed in a strip parallel to and separated from $\mathbb{R}$. It is shown, among other things, that for any such $B$, any even $\omega $ decreasing on $\left( 0,\,\infty \right)$ with a finite logarithmic integral is in Adm $B$ (unlike the “vertical” case treated in $[6]$), thus generalizing (with a new proof) a classical result related to Adm $\exp \left( i\sigma z \right),\,\sigma \,>\,0$. Some oscillating $\omega $'s in Adm $B$ are also described. Our theme is related to the Beurling-Malliavin multiplier theorem devoted to Adm $\exp \left( i\sigma z \right),\,\sigma \,>\,0$, and to de Branges’ space $H\left( E \right)$.

Hua’s fundamental theorem of the geometry of hermitian matrices characterizes bijective maps on the space of all $n\times n$ hermitianmatrices preserving adjacency in both directions. The problem of possible improvements has been open for a while. There are three natural problems here. Do we need the bijectivity assumption? Can we replace the assumption of preserving adjacency in both directions by the weaker assumption of preserving adjacency in one direction only? Can we obtain such a characterization formaps acting between the spaces of hermitian matrices of different sizes? We answer all three questions for the complex hermitian matrices, thus obtaining the optimal structural result for adjacency preserving maps on hermitian matrices over the complex field.

If a is a degree of unsolvability, a is called high if a ≦ 0’ and a’ = 0”. In [1], S. B. Cooper showed that if a is high, then (i) a is not a minimal degree, and (ii) there is a minimal degree b < a. We give new proofs of these results which avoid the intricate priority and recursive approximation arguments of [1] in favor of “oracle” constructions using the recursion theorem. Also our constructions apply to degrees a which are not below 0'. Call a degree ageneralized high if a’ = (a U 0')' . Among the degrees ≦ 0', the generalized high degrees obviously coincide with the high degrees.

To a real reductive group G there is attached a family of (real) groups, each of lower dimension but sharing Cartan subgroups with G (cf. [8]). The purpose of these groups is to provide “building blocks” (in a specific sense (cf. [11])) for analysis on G. Their définition is via an L-group construction; the connected component of the identity, LH0, in the L-group of such a group H is naturally a subgroup of LG0 but the requirement that H “share” Cartan subgroups with G precludes defining LH the full L-group of H, as a subgroup of LG. Nevertheless, the principle of functoriality in the L-group suggests that the embeddings of LH in LG will play a role in analysis. In this paper, we study the embeddings of LH in LG in order to resolve a problem about the normalization of orbital integrals.

Let $k$ be a field of characteristic $0,\,R\,=\,k\left[ {{x}_{1}},\,\ldots ,\,{{x}_{d}} \right]$ be a polynomial ring, and $m$ its maximal homogeneous ideal. Let $I\,\subset \,R$ be a homogeneous ideal in $R$. Let $\lambda (M)$ denote the length of an $R$-module $M$. In this paper, we show that

$$\underset{x\to \infty }{\mathop{\lim }}\,\,\frac{\lambda \left( H_{m}^{0}\left( R/{{I}^{n}} \right) \right)}{{{n}^{d}}}\,=\,\underset{x\to \infty }{\mathop{\lim }}\,\,\frac{\lambda \left( \text{Ext}_{R}^{d}\left( R/{{I}^{n}},\,R\left( -d \right) \right) \right)}{{{n}^{d}}}$$

always exists. This limit has been shown to be $e(I)/d!$ for $m$-primary ideals $I$ in a local Cohen–Macaulay ring, where $e(I)$ denotes the multiplicity of $I$. But we find that this limit may not be rational in general. We give an example for which the limit is an irrational number thereby showing that the lengths of these extension modules may not have polynomial growth.

Let X be a locally compact Hausdorff space, and let C*(X) denote the space of real-valued bounded continuous functions on X. An interesting and important property of the strict topology β on C*(X) was proved by Buck [2]: the dual space of (C*(X), β) has a natural representation as the space of bounded regular Borel measures on X.

Now suppose that X is completely regular (all topological spaces are assumed to be Hausdorff in this paper). Again it seems natural to seek locally convex topologies on the space C*(X) whose dual spaces are (via the integration pairing) significant classes of measures.

In this paper, we refine the presentations of Behr and Mennicke [1] for SL(2, m) and PSL(2, m) where m is odd. The group SL(2, m) is first shown to be presented by the following system of generators and relations:

1.1

The group PSL(2, m) appears as the factor group

1.2

This simplification then permits us to use the results of Schur [3] to establish three-relation presentations for these groups.

If X is a separable non-reflexive Banach space, then the set NA of all norm-attaining elements of X* is not a w*-Gδ subset of X*. However if the norm of X is locally uniformly rotund, then the set of norm attaining elements of norm one is w*-Gδ. There exist separable spaces such that NA is a norm-Borel set of arbitrarily high class. If X is separable and non-reflexive, there exists an equivalent Gâteaux-smooth norm on X such that the set of all Gâteaux-derivatives is not norm-Borel.

This note is about certain locally complete families of Calabi–Yau varieties constructed by Cynk and Hulek, and certain varieties constructed by Schreieder. We prove that the cycle class map on the Chow ring of powers of these varieties admits a section, and that these varieties admit a multiplicative self-dual Chow–Künneth decomposition. As a consequence of both results, we prove that the subring of the Chow ring generated by divisors, Chern classes, and intersections of two cycles of positive codimension injects into cohomology via the cycle class map. We also prove that the small diagonal of Schreieder surfaces admits a decomposition similar to that of K3 surfaces. As a by-product of our main result, we verify a conjecture of Voisin concerning zero-cycles on the self-product of Cynk–Hulek Calabi–Yau varieties, and in the odd-dimensional case we verify a conjecture of Voevodsky concerning smash-equivalence. Finally, in positive characteristic, we show that the supersingular Cynk–Hulek Calabi–Yau varieties provide examples of Calabi–Yau varieties with “degenerate” motive.

Let $X:\,{{\mathbb{R}}^{2}}\to \,{{\mathbb{R}}^{2}}$ be a ${{C}^{1}}$ map. Denote by $\text{Spec}(X)$ the set of (complex) eigenvalues of $\text{D}{{\text{X}}_{p}}$ when $p$ varies in ${{\mathbb{R}}^{2}}$. If there exists $\in \,>\,0$ such that $\text{Spec(}X)\,\bigcap \,(-\in ,\,\in )\,=\,\varnothing $, then $X$ is injective. Some applications of this result to the real Keller Jacobian conjecture are discussed.

The fundamental lemma for standard endoscopy follows from the matching of unit elements in Hecke algebras. A simple form of the stable trace formula, based on the matching of unit elements, shows the fundamental lemma to be equivalent to a collection of character identities. These character identities are established by comparing them to a compact-character expansion of orbital integrals.

Generalized axisymmetric potentials Fα (GASP) are regular solutions to the generalized axisymmetric potential equation

(1.1)

in some neighborhood Ω of the origin where they are subject to the initial data

(1.2)

along the singular line y = 0. In Ω, these potentials may be uniquely expanded in terms of the complete set of normalized ultraspherical polynomials

(1.3)

defined from the symmetric Jacobi polynomials Pn(α, α)(ξ) of degree n with parameter α as Fourier series

(1.4)

By an undirected graph we mean a couple (X, R), where X is a set and R is a subset of X × X such that (x, y) ∈ R implies (y, x) ∈ R. The cardinal of X, denoted by |X|, will be called the cardinal of the graph.

A mapping f:X → X is called an endomorphism of (X, R) if (x, y) ∈ R implies that (f(x), f(y)) ∈ R for all x, y ∈ R.

An undirected graph (X, R) is called rigid if there is only one endomorphism of (X, R), namely the identity mapping of X.

P. Erdös communicated orally that, using probability methods, it is possible to prove that almost all finite undirected graphs are rigid.

R. E. Johnson (10), Utumi (18), and Findlayand Lambek (7) have defined for each ring R a unique maximal "ring of right quotients" Q. When R is a commutative integral domain (in this paper an integral domain need not be commutative) or an Ore domain, then Q is the usual division ring of quotients of R. Moreover, it is well known that in these special cases, if R is totally ordered, then so is Q.

The main purpose of this paper is to study the ring of quotients Q, and in particular its order properties, for certain lattice-ordered rings R.