Neophasia Terlootii was described a great many years ago, and the description being in Latin, it is not surprising that Dr. strecker overlooked it in the hurry to publish his description of the female I sent him, which he supposed had not been previously described. It is a little surprising, however, that Dr. Skinner, who had the first opportunity to examine one of my examples of Terlootii, should have failed to recognize the generic characters of the insect until Dr. Strecker's description as Neophasia epyaxa was published.

Telenomus phymatae n. sp. is described from the New World (Canada, USA, Colombia /S.A./), reared from the eggs of Phymata sp. (Heteroptera: Phymatidae).

The casual reader, calling to mind only the half dozen hop-vines usually seen about the kitchen garden, or trailing upon some farm outbuilding, can hardly realize the possible losses to hop growers by insects. According to the last census (for 1879) New York State alone had over 39,000 acres in hop yards, producing nearly 22 millions of pounds of hops, which, at an average of 28c. per 1b., would aggregate a value of over six million dollars. Bearing these figures in mind, with an annual loss of 10 per cent. from only one insect—the hop borer—(and 25 to 50 per cent. of injury has been reported) a loss of $600,000 would result in this single State.

With such a destructive agent in the hop field, is it not a little singular that there is little or nothing “in the books” on the subject, and that the pest is in all probability an unknown and undescribed species? I am not able to give its name—Prof. Comstock writes me he is working it up—but as I have accumulated a mass of interesting data on the subject in my census work, I deem it proper to make known now the experience of intelligent growers in different sections of the country, for the benefit of those who have not yet learned how to fight the pest, leaving the scientific name and details of habits and natural history to be supplied hereafter.

Orthezia insignis, Dougl.; 1887-1892. I.

Found at Amherst and Cambridge, Mass., in greenhouses. A very general feeder on greenhouse plants. It is recorded from New York, Pennsylvania and California.

EGG—Conoidal, truncated, not so broad at base as Idalia, the sides less rounded ; depressed at summit; marked vertically by about eighteen prominent, slightly wavy ribs, half of which extend from base to summit and form around the latter a serrated rim; the remainder end irregularly at two thirds to three quarters distance from base, sometimes squarely at one of the striæ, but usually curve towards and unite with the long ribs; between each pair of ribs are equi-distant transverse striæ.

Structures of spermatheca in 63 species of Scutelleridae (Hemiptera) representing 46 genera and all subfamilies currently recognised in the family were examined and compared. The morphology of three main parts of the spermatheca (receptacle, intermediate part, and spermathecal duct) was described and three main types of spermatheca in Scutelleridae were identified. The taxonomic importance of spermathecal features for the higher classification of scutellerids is discussed.

On a collecting trip to the Codroy Valley region of southwestern Newfoundland in 1959, the author obtained specimens of a Leucania recognized at the time as an unfamiliar species. Subsequent investigation soon established that it was Leucania comma L., a Palaearctic species not previously known from North America. In late June and early July of 1959, this was the commonest of three species of Leucania present, and actually one of the commonest Noctuids that came to the lanterns. On a recent trip to the same area, from late July until mid-August, 1962, comma was again encountered, but most specimens were at that time very worn. In 1954 the author spent three weeks on the Avalon Peninsula, but comma was not found on that occasion. It was not listed by Krogerus in his paper of 1954, although he recorded as quite common in cultivated areas of western Newfoundland the superficially similar L. comoides Gn., a species the present writer has not seen from there.

This is a report on observations made in the field and in the laboratory in 1954 and 1955 at Fredericton, New Brunswick, on the responses to light and influences of light and temperature on the locomotory activities of introduced insect predators and the motile first-instar larva, or crawler, of the balsam woolly aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.). Adults and larvae of the predators were observed in the field and tests were conducted with adults in the laboratory. The species studied were Aphidecta obliterata (L.) and Pullus impexus (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Cremifania nigrocellulata Cz. and Neoleucopis obscura (Hal.) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) , and Laricobius erichsonii Rosenh. (Coleoptera: Derodontidae). The work is part of an investigation on factors influencing the searching abilities of the predators.

A key stage in the development of an insect epizootic, either natural or induced, is the transmission of a pathogen from an infected to an uninfected host (Andreadis 1987). The establishment of secondary infections can augment long-term control by increasing the amount of inoculum present within the environment (Thomas et al. 1995). The ease of disease transmission from an infected to a healthy host is an important consideration in evaluating the potential of an entomopathogen as a microbial control agent. Currently, we are field-testing the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Moniliaceae), for the suppression of adult western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, which is a key pest of corn, Zea mays L. (Gramineae), throughout the north-central United States and eastern Canada (Mulock and Chandler 2000). During our investigations we have often observed sporulating cadavers on corn plants, particularly within the leaf collars, following fungal application. In this study, we estimated the effect of the density of infected cadavers and the length of exposure time on disease transmission in adult western corn rootworm.

Optimum size of a sample unit and within-branch distribution of overwintering spruce budworm were determined for black spruce in northern Maine. No significant differences in sample reliability were found between whole-branch and 45-cm branch-tip samples. Larval distribution on branches varied with total branch length and a model was developed to estimate the whole-branch population from a 45-cm branch tip. Use of a 45-cm branch-tip sample unit is recommended because it is biologically and statistically valid and reduces sampling costs.

The larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.), has been studied in Manitoba for over 50 years, since the first outbreaks led to the introduction of the European parasite, Mesoleius tenthredinis Morley. This parasite was credited with reducing the severity of early outbreaks but when host populations again increased in the early 1940's, it was found that M. tenthredinis was ineffective due to the ability of host larvae to encapsulate parasite eggs. Intensive studies of individual mortality factors were initiated at the Winnipeg Laboratory as staff and facilities were expanded in the late 1940's. Development of the life-table concept of recording population data (Morris and Miller 1954) led to co-ordination of several projects until by 1955 a team of research officers was engaged in comprehensive studies of general ecological relationships, parasitism, vertebrate predation, and the effect of defoliation on host stands. Members of the team currently engaged in population dynamics studies and responsible for this exhibit are: Dr.C. H. Buckner, vertebrate predators; W. G. H. Ives, quantitative methods and natural control; L. D. Nairn, interrelations with host tree; Dr. W. J. Turnock, natural and biological control, bioclimatology. Other Winnipeg officers working on related larch sawfly projects are Dr. R. J. Heron, physiological studies, and J. A. Muldrew, biological control with particular reference to immunity to M. tenthredinis.

The end of an outbreak of a sawfly, Neodiprion excitans Rohwer, on Pinus taeda L. first was observed in north-central peninsular Florida during December 1962. To aid in dating oviposition, the position of egg pockets in 1962 summer-shoot pine needles was compared with growth of 1963 summer-shoot pine needles. By this method, peaks of adult emergence and oviposition were judged to have occurred during the last half of August and first half of October 1962.

Eggs hatched in the fall when laid in growing pine needles during October 1962. Larval development was protracted during unusually cold weather and cocoons were spun as late as mid-January 1963. Adult emergence from these cocoons began in late May 1963, two months later than had been previously recorded for Florida.

In contrast, eggs overwintered in the foliage when laid after needle growth had ceased in the fall of 1962. Larval eclosion was in late February and March 1963 and cocoons were spun by mid-May.

This combination of events suggested how a new species overwintering in the egg stage (Neodiprion hetricki Ross) might have evolved in temporal isolation from an ancestral species ordinarily overwintering only in the cocoon (N. excitans).

On page 218 of the “Revised Manual,” in speaking of other sources than flowers from which bees collect sweets, I remark that I have seen the bees thick about a large bark-louse, which attacks and often destroys one of our best honey-trees. This is an undescribed species of the genus Lecanium.

In the summer of 1870, this louse, which, as far as I know, has never yet been described, and for which I propose the above very appropriate name, tulipiferæ–the Lecanium of the tulip tree–was very common on the tulip trees about the College lawns.

The antifeeding compound AC 24055 (4′-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) acetanilide) was added to the diet of Drosophila melanogaster at several concentrations. Larval mortality and the duration of larval development increased significantly with increasing concentration from 125 to 625 parts per million (p.p.m.), and these effects were the same in males and females. Within this range of concentrations the weight of recently emerged adults declined with increasing concentration, the loss being greater for females than males. Egg production declined with increased concentration from 200 to 1000 p.p.m., particularly during the second week of egg production. Egg hatchability was not affected at 200 p.p.m., but from 400 to 1000 p.p.m. it declined rapidly from the second to the sixth day; with continued exposure, fertility was partly restored. The life span of adults decreased as the concentration increased from 500 to 1500 p.p.m. Concretions were observed in the Malpighian tubules of females reared in food containing 400 p.p.m. or more of the compound, but not in males.