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Cicero's last dialogue, De amicitia, is a work of stylistic brilliance containing the fullest examination of the values and problems of friendship to survive from the Greco-Roman world. How do we make (and lose) friends? If a conflict arises between personal affection and ethical behavior, how do we decide what is right? What kinds of people make the most suitable friends? Written in 44 BCE, De amicitia provides both a striking analysis of the conflicts between personal and civic loyalty and a strong statement about the close links between friendship, wisdom, and virtue. In the first full commentary on De amicitia in more than a century, Katharina Volk and James Zetzel provide an illuminating guide to the dialogue, explaining language and style, philosophy, and historical context. An appendix contains a text with commentary of Cicero's famous correspondence with Matius about political and personal loyalty after the assassination of Caesar.
The production and circulation of common wares during the late antique period in North Africa has been largely overlooked by past scholarship, despite their potential to shed light on late antique production, workshop organisation and regional ceramic economies. This paper provides the first detailed study of a distinctive type of late antique, wheelmade common ware, the so-called African ‘painted ware’ (APW). It first presents a critical overview of the distribution of painted wares and their typology, decoration and chronology based on existing publications. It then develops a typology of vessel shapes, but also decoration patterns based on a large, well-preserved assemblage of painted ceramics recently excavated by the DAI, INP and UCL at the archaeological sites of Bulla Regia and Chimtou in the Medjerda valley, Tunisia. To understand the composition, technology and provenance of the wares, petrographic and chemical analysis was conducted on 57 painted sherds from the two sites. The results suggest the existence of a production centre in the Medjerda Valley, with potters using local calcareous clay tempered with sand, while the decoration was obtained using iron-based pigments. Comparison with published painted wares at other sites contributes to an initial insight into regional distribution patterns of the painted ware.
In praising Sallust, Tacitus chose the epithet florentissimus in delightful allusion to the former’s apparently innovative (and influential) use of the adverb carptim in his presentation of his novel approach to writing res gestae populi Romani: the adverb and the superlative adjective share an easily discernible etymological connection.
The Roman poet Ovid, while sailing across the Black Sea to Tomis, considered his exile to have cosmic proportions; in the surging waves he sees his world seemingly veering back towards primordial chaos. Throughout his work Ovid seeks to depict the vast heterogeneity of the world, its creation and destruction, and the interconnection between humans and their unstable environment. This book explores how Ovid turns to philosophy, and especially the dialogues of Plato, to find meaning in a world that is fluid, uncertain, and dangerous. Rather than seeking recourse in an exact science of knowledge or a world of Forms beyond the here and now, Ovid sets himself apart from the philosophers. Instead, he highlights the limits of philosophy to capture the changing nature of reality and realigns the boundaries between poetry and science so as to create a more suitable medium for representing our entanglement with this complex world.
In the third chapter, I focus on the concept of self-motion, which is tied to the definition of soul in Plato. Aristotle famously criticises this view in De anima 1.3, showing that the soul is unmoved. I offer the first lengthy discussion of Proclus’ repudiation of Aristotle’s criticism which differs from other Neoplatonist responses. Most importantly, I demonstrate how Proclus develops his own views on self-motion by using Platonic and Aristotelian insights.
Investigates the portrayal of warfare in the Homeric epics, focusing on weapons, military tactics, and the societal implications of conflict. It integrates archaeological findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of the realities and representations of war in Homeric society.
The article argues for an emendation in Plin. HN 9.126. Modern editors are accustomed to print the text cum testa uiuas, adopting J. Hardouin’s conjecture for cum terra uitis, the reading transmitted in most manuscripts. Nevertheless, the overlooked manuscript reading contritis conchis allows us to deduce a palaeographically neater solution contritis if conchis is considered a gloss which entered the text.
Traces the evolution of Homeric scholarship from antiquity to modern approaches, highlighting the transition from viewing Homer as a historical figure to understanding the epics as the product of a collective oral tradition.
Explores the social structures, political institutions, and daily life depicted in the Homeric epics against the archaeological and textual data from the Mycenaean period and the Early Iron Age.