The primary focus of this chapter is antisocial personality disorder with additional discussion on conduct disorder. Cognitive-behavioral approaches have the most research support, and specific examples of these approaches include Reasoning and Rehabilitation, Cognitive Self-Change, and Aggression Replacement Training. Credible components of treatment include developing treatment readiness, learning key skills, and preparing for post-treatment life. A sidebar describes the treatment process.

In this chapter, Ezrahi argues that the massive discrediting of claims of objectivity has deeply weakened the social authority of professional communities and institutions – governments, scientists, and economists – which have heavily resorted to professionalism in order to seemingly depoliticize decisions and empower their legitimacy. The dual role of objectivity norms and objectification strategies in depoliticizing decisions while concealing value-political choices is scrutinized. The delicate balance between overpoliticization and over-objectification is examined, emphasizing the challenges faced by governments in navigating transparency and political functionality. The chapter traces the interconnected erosion of the transcendental concept of Nature, democratic culture, and the rule of law. The loss of objectivity in law, exemplified by challenges to the Israeli Supreme Court, underscores the broader decline in civic solidarity. The chapter concludes with an exploration of the cultural and epistemological crises facing modern democracy, raising critical questions about resources available for shaping new imaginaries of self-governance and justice, drawing on historical cosmological transformations.

Psychiatry and clinical psychology are closely related disciplines, and both overlap and affect each other. However, psychiatry is also substantially influenced by more basic psychological theories. Learning theories starting with behavioral concepts have been used for understanding and treating anxiety and addiction, for example. Cognitive theory has had a major impact on treatments for depression and psychosis. Therefore, in this chapter, we will present five psychological theories (psychoanalysis, behaviorism, cognitive theory, social learning, and mindfulness-based concepts) that we regard as historically most influential and useful for psychiatry. In addition, the stress-vulnerability model and the humanistic psychology approach will be outlined. The former provides a general etiological model of almost all psychiatric disorders, whereas the humanistic ideas help conceptualize and establish therapeutic stance and a good client–provider relationship.

The Green’s function method is among the most powerful and versatile formalisms in physics, and its nonequilibrium version has proved invaluable in many research fields. With entirely new chapters and updated example problems, the second edition of this popular text continues to provide an ideal introduction to nonequilibrium many-body quantum systems and ultrafast phenomena in modern science. Retaining the unique and self-contained style of the original, this new edition has been thoroughly revised to address interacting systems of fermions and bosons, simplified many-body approaches like the GKBA, the Bloch equations, and the Boltzmann equations, and the connection between Green’s functions and newly developed time-resolved spectroscopy techniques. Small gaps in the theory have been filled, and frequently overlooked subtleties have been systematically highlighted and clarified. With an abundance of illustrative examples, insightful discussions, and modern applications, this book remains the definitive guide for students and researchers alike.

Social justice, human rights, and equality are norms based on the Holy Qur’an’s perspective. They are profoundly rooted in Islam’s teachings and promote the construction of a strong, interdependent, and healthy community. It emphasizes practicing them not only on Muslims but on every human being regardless of their religion or beliefs. The superiority of any individual is defined strictly on their piety and righteousness and not on skin color, race, biological sex, nationality, or social position. Allah has required justice to be an essential part of the behavior of every Muslim covering all aspects of life as well as all people.

This brief chapter introduces Islam through what is known as Hadith Jibril in which God’s final dispensation to man is introduced through a tripartite division of Islam (submission), constituents of faith, and pursuit of excellence for a spiritual awakening to the Divine presence. It depicts the wholesome relationship between rituals, faith, and morality and how each aspect led to the rise of distinct methods of inquiry. Briefly touching upon the most significant schools of Islamic thought and practice, the chapter alludes to the growth of Islamic civilization with its distinctive ethos, areas of excellence, and impact. The chapter ends with a glance over the sociopolitical development of Muslim society through history, highlighting the wholesomeness of Islam’s view of the individual and society.

Dinah Craik’s 1851 novella The Half-Caste tells the story of how a half-Indian heiress, Zillah Le Poer, faces manipulative attempts by the greedy British side of her family to control her fortune which she thwarts by marrying her older Scottish guardian. This reading of Craik’s novel examines the production of race at a period when dominant British imperialism was believed to depend largely on hierarchies of race allegedly constructed by heredity. Walters argues that Craik describes how new racial identities can be produced by the ‘affective capacity of brown, Eurasian, female bodies to feel connection with – and dependence on white women’, with resulting implications for racial hierarchies and Empire itself. The chapter examines the idea of race in part as a function of feeling and reveals a ‘slippage between affective and racially scientific methods of assessing difference’.

The Green’s function method is among the most powerful and versatile formalisms in physics, and its nonequilibrium version has proved invaluable in many research fields. With entirely new chapters and updated example problems, the second edition of this popular text continues to provide an ideal introduction to nonequilibrium many-body quantum systems and ultrafast phenomena in modern science. Retaining the unique and self-contained style of the original, this new edition has been thoroughly revised to address interacting systems of fermions and bosons, simplified many-body approaches like the GKBA, the Bloch equations, and the Boltzmann equations, and the connection between Green’s functions and newly developed time-resolved spectroscopy techniques. Small gaps in the theory have been filled, and frequently overlooked subtleties have been systematically highlighted and clarified. With an abundance of illustrative examples, insightful discussions, and modern applications, this book remains the definitive guide for students and researchers alike.

This chapter explains how UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) have changed over time, paying particular attention to how UN PKO mandates have evolved to address communal disputes. It begins with a general overview of UN PKOs over time. The chapter then briefly reviews the academic research on international interventions, which offers robust evidence that peacekeepers bolster peace and stability after conflict. However, this scholarship has not sufficiently examined whether (or how) UN PKOs limit communal violence. Communal disputes are a critical source of instability, violence, and disorder around the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Conflict from such disputes has killed nearly 250,000 people in the region since the turn of the century, more than violence from governments or rebel groups. And the problem is getting worse. Given that climate change, global migration patterns, and the growth of violent extremism will likely exacerbate communal disputes in the coming years, it is vital to understand how UN peacekeepers can help resolve them. The chapter discusses what distinguishes communal violence from other forms of intrastate violence before concluding with a summary of local-level UN PKOs designed to address communal disputes.

The public health community protects and improves the health and well-being of regional and community populations around the world. In Muslim communities, the concept of public health is closely aligned with the teachings and principles of Islam. A working understanding of the unique cultural and spiritual constructs within Muslim communities can positively affect public health issues. Similar to European and Western societies, Muslims should encounter increased exposure to emerging public health issues such as infectious diseases, conditions related to an aging population, and limited access to technology-enhanced health care. A blended approach to public health that retains historic culture and tradition and includes modern methodologies is needed. Successful programs in Muslim communities should incorporate culturally appropriate health education, lay and community health workers, immunization outreach, and an evidence-based approach to program development.

In this chapter, we discuss the causes of the eurozone crisis, by first recounting the lead up to monetary union. In the subsequent section, the economic arguments for and against are explained. Next, we detail the onset of the crisis in banking, government debt, and growth, and the implications of the immediate policy response. The final section explains how the recovery to date has been incomplete.