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Chapter 7 presents fundamental methods for unsteady flow in pipes. The material bridges the gap between spring-mass systems covered in engineering mechanics and flow oscillations in pipes. This more advanced treatment focuses on fluid oscillations in pipes without friction in Section 7.1, with laminar friction in Section 7.2, turbulent friction in Section 7.3 and oscillations between reservoirs in Section 7.4.
Chapter 9 deals with rapidly varied open-channel flow. Rapidly varied flow refers to nonuniform flow conditions changing suddenly over short distances. The analysis of rapidly varied flow requires the application of the principles of conservation of energy in Section 9.1 and conservation of momentum in Section 9.2. This leads us to the definition of hydraulic controls in Section 9.3.
Chapter 3 derives the governing equations describing the motion of water. It uses the concept of impulse-momentum to calculate hydrodynamic forces. We examine the forces from water jets in Section 3.1 and forces in pipes in Section 3.2 prior to a review of flow measurement techniques in Section 3.3.
Chapter 11 broaches the advanced topic of unsteady flow in open channels. The governing equation for floodwave propagation is derived in Section 11.1 with solutions to the advection-diffusion equation in Section 11.2.
Chapter 4 guides the design of pumping systems. Pumps move water through pipes systems. Chapter 4 discusses pump types in Section 4.1, pump performance in Section 4.2 and cavitation in Section 4.3.
Chapter 16 covers essential knowledge of groundwater. This chapter reviews groundwater flows in terms of permeability in Section 16.1, steady flow in Section 16.2 and unsteady groundwater flow in Section 16.3.