This study investigates the endohelminth parasites of three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, across marine, anadromous, and freshwater populations in the White Sea (Russia). A total of 241 sticklebacks were collected in Velikaya Salma Strait during 2022–2024. Thirteen helminth species were identified using morphological and molecular methods. Genetic analysis confirmed the presence of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Phyllodistomum folium, Brachyphallus crenatus, and Alloopistholecithum cf. salmonis. We identified variability in parasite communities between 2022+2023 and 2024 both within and between marine, anadromous and freshwater host populations. The most striking temporal changes were observed in the parasite communities of the anadromous stickleback population, which is probably due to the different periods of time spent by the fish in fresh water in the years studied. This study highlights differences in infection of marine, anadromous, and freshwater populations of three-spined stickleback, providing insights into host-parasite dynamics across different aquatic environments in the White Sea basin.

The developing nations are at a constant threat from a lot of natural and manmade disasters. The developing countries also face similar things, but to their advancement in economic muscle and technology they are always at a better place to combat these. With devastating floods, cyclones, tsunamis, earthquake ravaging India every year there was a need of a dedicated, well trained force which can be mobilised in a moment’s notice. National disaster response fund (NDRF) was hence born. Even the different states have their own force to look after local issues. A part of the budget is allocated to these bodies for smooth function. So we conclude, at the time of crisis countries come together and help each other. NDRF can be a biggest support for the country during the natural disaster if it prepared and maintained properly. planning become your major strength if it does on time and right amount during the natural disaster.

A male infant with fetal hydrops was diagnosed with congenital dilated cardiomyopathy and died at 2 months despite intensive treatment. Trio-exome sequencing identified as de novo FHL2 variant (p.Arg131Cys). He also presented with non-cardiogenic cholestatic liver injury and hyperferritinemia, which may represent novel FHL2-related phenotypes based on supporting evidence from experimental models.

In this article, we construct explicit spanning sets for two spaces of modular forms. One is the subspace generated by integral-weight Hecke eigenforms with nonvanishing quadratic twisted central L-values. The other is a subspace generated by half-integral weight Hecke eigenforms with certain nonvanishing Fourier coefficients. Along the way, we show that these subspaces are isomorphic via the Shimura lift.

We construct a monoidal version of Lurie’s un/straightening equivalence. In more detail, for any symmetric monoidal $\infty $-category $\mathbf {C}$, we endow the $\infty $-category of coCartesian fibrations over $\mathbf {C}$ with a (naturally defined) symmetric monoidal structure, and prove that it is equivalent the Day convolution monoidal structure on the $\infty $-category of functors from $\mathbf {C}$ to $\mathbf {Cat}_\infty $. In fact, we do this over any $\infty $-operad by categorifying this statement and thereby proving a stronger statement about the functors that assign to an $\infty $-category $\mathbf {C}$ its category of coCartesian fibrations on the one hand, and its category of functors to $\mathbf {Cat}_\infty $ on the other hand.

We present six paediatric patients with unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery in pursuance of rising the clinician’s recognition. Unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery was misdiagnosed in one patient by echocardiography. One patient had corrective surgery of a complete atrioventricular septal defect, and another had a right lobectomy. The remaining patients did not undergo any intervention and were asymptomatic at the end of the study period. Although there is a lack of consensus regarding optimal surgical approach, we opted for a more conservative strategy with good results.

This paper investigates the magnitude and drivers of ethnic and religious disparities in Female Labor Force Participation (FLFP) in Syria. Using census data and the Gelbach decomposition method, the analysis reveals substantial FLFP gaps across groups, reaching up to 18 percentage points. To understand the factors underlying these gaps, the analysis exploits the heterogeneity in economic development, demographic profiles, educational attainment, and geography across towns and villages. The findings indicate that differences in age distribution, income levels, education, and public sector employment shares are the primary contributors to FLFP gaps. While social norms are often considered key determinants of FLFP, their role is assessed using gender parity indices for educational enrollment and attainment but shows little explanatory power for ethnic and religious disparities in FLFP. These results highlight the importance of structural economic and demographic factors over cultural constraints in shaping group differences in FLFP in Syria.

Over the past decade or so, ethical recruitment has become increasingly popular as an aspirational standard for addressing labour violations and human rights issues in the transnational recruitment of migrant workers. While multi-national corporations (MNCs) – both international buyers and their Tier 1 suppliers – have been quick to adopt and codify ethical recruitment principles in their company codes of conduct, the same cannot be said for the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) further down the supply chain. Grounded in a case study of a small packaging company in Penang, Malaysia, this article explores how SMEs navigate their human resources and financial constraints in their attempt to practise ethical recruitment. We conclude with some brief reflections on the role of recruitment agents and the (in)equitable allocation of costs across global supply chains in making ethical recruitment a realistic and achievable goal for SMEs.

This article examines the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s use of international law in its decisions between 2003 and 2023, when it referred to international legal instruments in approximately 10% of its constitutional review cases. However, it has not clearly explained why or how it uses international law. The article develops a typology of the Court’s use of international law, categorising it into four areas: bolstering domestic law, interpreting domestic law, rejecting international law, and misconstruing international law. The Court primarily uses international law to support or confirm domestic constitutional and statutory provisions, especially when they are similar (or universal, as the Court sometimes observes). However, the Court sometimes uses international law to interpret domestic law, and occasionally, it even appears to misconstrue international law to reach a desired outcome. We conclude that, if anything, the Court practices pragmatic dualism, rather than pragmatic monism, as Palguna and Wardana argued in this Journal in 2024.

This paper empirically examines the conflict between official and unofficial law, focusing on cases where discrepancies arise between registered titleholders and owners based on customary rights in Japan’s common forests. In Japan, compliance-oriented legalization has progressed, and recent legal reforms have framed common forests with irregular registrations as “abandoned lands with unknown owners.” Interviews with commoners revealed a weakening confidence in their customary rights, leading to a lack of resistance to demands for registration regularization. However, a nationwide survey of forestry cooperatives showed that common forests are often well-managed due to economies of scale. In practice, legal relationships are frequently established with representatives of commoner groups, bypassing the need to trace all heirs of outdated titleholders, thereby mitigating the tragedy of the anti-commons. However, this practice stems from the high costs of complying with official law and does not signify a revival of customary rights. In fact, forestry cooperatives that placed emphasis on registration were confronted with difficulties in managing common forests.