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2068 results in Cambridge Elements

Page 6 of 104

Inside the Radicalized Mind

Inside the Radicalized Mind
  • The Neuropolitics of Terrorism and Violent Extremism
  • Tiffiany Howard
  • Published online:
    31 March 2025
    Print publication:
    24 April 2025
  • This Element aims to better understand the role of the internet in the radicalization process, focusing on how online factors contribute to self-radicalization. Specifically, it examines the neurocognitive process of online radicalization by analyzing the impact of terrorist and extremist propaganda videos on individuals' cognitive empathy using electroencephalography (EEG). Ultimately, this research aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of online radicalization and the psychological effects of exposure to extremist content on the internet.
Semi-Secular Worldviews and the Belief in Something Beyond

Semi-Secular Worldviews and the Belief in Something Beyond
  • Carl-Johan Palmqvist, Francis Jonbäck
  • Published online:
    31 March 2025
    Print publication:
    24 April 2025
  • An increasingly large part of the population in the West identifies as religious Nones. Contrary to what might be assumed, most of them are not outright atheists. They reject traditional religion, but many pursue different forms of spirituality, and many entertain supernatural ideas. This Element concerns the worldview of these 'semi-secular' Nones. When asked about whether they believe in God, they usually provide answers like 'Perhaps not God per se, but I do believe in something'. Belief in 'somethin' is the ontological cornerstone of many Nones' worldviews. The authors reconstruct it as the view 'Somethingism'. They assess Somethingism by inquiring how well it stands up to the epistemic challenge of being true to the demands of reason. They also assess it by exploring how it manages the existential challenge of providing comfort and guidance in this life, and its ability to align us with any transcendent reality there might be.
Shakespeare and Scale

Shakespeare and Scale
  • The Archive of Early Printed English
  • Anupam Basu
  • Published online:
    31 March 2025
    Print publication:
    24 April 2025
  • Scale has been the central promise of the digital turn. The creation of corpora such as EEBO and EEBO-TCP have eased the logistics of access to primary sources for scholars of Shakespeare and early English literature and culture and fundamentally altered the ways in which we retrieve, read, think about, and analyze texts. However, the large-scale curation of historical corpora poses unique challenges and requires scholarly insight and significant algorithmic intervention. In sections on 'Text,' 'Corpus,' 'Search,' and 'Discovery,' this Element problematizes the specific affordances of computation and scale as primary conceptual categories rather than incidental artifacts of digitization. From text-encoding and search to corpus-scale data visualization and machine-learning, it discusses a range of computational techniques that can facilitate corpus curation and enable exploratory, experimental modes of discovery that not only serve as tools to ease access but accommodate and respond to the demands of humanistic inquiry.
The Shang Economy

The Shang Economy
  • Roderick Campbell
  • Published online:
    27 March 2025
    Print publication:
    10 April 2025
  • This Element constitutes a systematic attempt to preliminarily reconstruct the Shang economy based on contemporary archaeological and textual evidence. At the same time, the rapid pace of Chinese archaeological discovery and the increasing deployment of archaeological science means that there is a wealth of new information making a new synthesis both challenging and necessary. This synthesis was written from the perspective that the study of ancient economy necessarily proceeds from the construction of models and the systematic exploration of principal economic components, including their articulation and change over time. Setting the Shang in comparative context with other ancient economies in this series, those principal components are the domestic and institutional economy, specialization, forms of exchange, and diachronic developments. It is hoped that with this organization, comparison with other ancient economies can be more easily made and the significance of the Shang case more clearly seen.
Management of a Patient with a Venous Sinus Thrombosis with or without an Intracerebral Haematoma

Management of a Patient with a Venous Sinus Thrombosis with or without an Intracerebral Haematoma
  • Helen Sims, James Choulerton
  • Published online:
    26 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, whose diagnosis is often missed or delayed due to often non-specific presentations. However, if diagnosed and managed appropriately prognosis is generally favourable. This Element covers the common presentations and epidemiology of CVST, progressing through the approach to investigation and management of this condition in the acute, sub-acute and more chronic timeframes.
Heidegger on Ethics

Heidegger on Ethics
  • Mahon O'Brien
  • Published online:
    25 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • Heidegger is often understood to have forsaken the very possibility of ethics – we find numerous variations of this view in the secondary literature. And yet, in Letter on Humanism, Heidegger stresses the importance of ethics (thought anew as originary ethics) in the context of the dangers posed by the technological age. In this Element, the author will try to unpack what Heidegger might have meant by this. Ultimately, his account of the essence of the human being will prove to be the key to understanding what he describes as 'originary ethics'.
Making Memories in Ancient Egypt

Making Memories in Ancient Egypt
  • Leire Olabarria
  • Published online:
    24 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • Memory is a fascinating way to approach modern and ancient cultures, as it raises questions about what, why, and how individuals and groups remember. Egyptology has had a major impact on the development of memory studies, with Jan Assmann's notion of cultural memory becoming a widespread model within the humanities. Despite this outstanding contribution of Egyptology to memory studies, remarkably few recent works on ancient Egypt deal with memory from a theoretical and methodological point of view. This Element provides a general introduction to memory, followed by a discussion of the role of materiality and performativity in the process of remembering. A case study from Middle Kingdom Abydos illustrates how memory can be embodied in the monumental record of ancient Egypt. The purpose of this Element is to present an up-to-date introduction to memory studies in Egyptology and to invite the reader to rethink how and why memory matters.
The Political Dynamics of Partisan Polarization

The Political Dynamics of Partisan Polarization
  • Eric R. Schmidt, Edward G. Carmines, Paul M. Sniderman
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
  • This is a study of the dynamics of partisan polarization in the United States. It has three objectives: (1) to identify and explain why some Republicans and Democrats – but not others – have polarized, particularly over the last twenty years; (2) to demonstrate that they have done so not on this or that issue but systematically, programmatically – domain versus issue sorting; and (3) to bring into the open profound asymmetries in polarization between the two parties, not least that Republicans polarized early and thoroughly on issues of race, while Democrats in the largest number stayed neutral or even conservative until only recently. Emerging from the reasoning and results is a revised theory of party identification that specifies the conditions under which ordinary Republicans and Democrats can become ideological partisans – real-life conservatives and liberals in their behavior – in the choices they make on candidates, policies, and parties.
God and Non-Human Animals

God and Non-Human Animals
  • Simon Kittle
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
  • This Element explores the relevance of non-human animals to theology. It suggests that while Christian theology has so far been a thoroughly anthropocentric discipline, there are good reasons for treating animals as subjects worthy of theological reflection in their own right. The Element considers animals in the context of Christian ethics, investigates whether the violence and suffering found in evolutionary processes can be reconciled with a good God, and surveys some of the ways key theological doctrines may need to be altered in the light of what contemporary science teaches about human animals and non-humans.
Digitalization in Emerging Economies

Digitalization in Emerging Economies
  • Mark Esposito, Yusaf Akbar, Francis Xavier Campbell
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
  • 'Digitalization in Emerging Economies' offers a comprehensive exploration of digitalization's transformative potential in the Global South. The book examines the digital revolution's impact on businesses, governments, and individuals in emerging economies. It highlights the paradigm shift in these markets due to advancements like mobile technology, internet connectivity, e-commerce platforms, and digital payment systems. The book also addresses challenges such as privacy, cybersecurity, and the digital divide. It explores the drivers and barriers of digital adoption, the effects on industries and labor markets, and the role of government policies in shaping digital ecosystems. 'Digitalization in Emerging Economies' aims to guide those navigating the digital landscape in a rapidly changing world, contributing to the discourse on leveraging digital technologies for inclusive and sustainable development.
Seeking Monotheism in Chinese Religions

Seeking Monotheism in Chinese Religions
  • Huaiyu Chen
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
  • In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, numerous Western missionaries were involved in debating the existence of God in various religious texts and practices in ancient China. Drawing on both the rising philological scholarship in Europe and their own field experience in China, the Western missionaries examined the idea of God, the Thearch, and Heaven as the Supreme Being in the spiritual life and ritual activities of the Chinese people. From the Christian perspective, they attempted to identify the original belief in one God in ancient China in order to convert their Chinese audience. Furthermore, they addressed the issue of monotheism in the broader Asian context by suggesting the universal monotheistic degeneration from Persia to China across Asia continent.
Second Language Phonology

Second Language Phonology
  • Phonetic Variation and Phonological Representations
  • Ellen Simon
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
  • This Element deals with the interplay between phonology, phonetics and acquisition. It addresses the question of whether and how phonological representations are acquired in adult second language (L2) learners in the face of phonetic variation inherent in speech. Drawing from a large number of empirical studies on the acquisition of L2 speech sounds, the Element outlines how phonetic or phonological representations develop in L2 learners on the basis of input in immersion and instructed language learning contexts. Taking in insights from sociophonetics and clinical linguistics, the Element further discusses how accent variation impacts second language phonological acquisition and what clinical studies on individuals with atypical language development can tell us about the nature of phonological representations. Finally, new avenues in the field of L2 phonology are explored, especially with regard to methodological challenges and opportunities related to the use of spontaneous speech and remote data collection.
Knowledge-First Epistemology

Knowledge-First Epistemology
  • A Defence
  • Mona Simion
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    27 March 2025
    • Element
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  • Knowledge-first epistemology places knowledge at the normative core of epistemological affairs: on this approach, central epistemic phenomena are to be analyzed in terms of knowledge. This Element offers a defence of an integrated, naturalistic knowledge-first account of justified belief, reasons, evidence and defeat, permissible assertion and action, and the epistemic normativity of practical and theoretical reasoning. On this account, the epistemic is an independent normative domain organized around one central etiological epistemic function: generating knowledge. In turn, this epistemic function generates epistemic norms of proper functioning that constitute the epistemic domain, and govern moves in our epistemic practice, such as forming beliefs, asserting, and reasoning. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Kierkegaard, Socrates, and the Meaning of Life

Kierkegaard, Socrates, and the Meaning of Life
  • Rick Anthony Furtak
  • Published online:
    20 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • Kierkegaard's lifelong fascination with the figure of Socrates has many aspects, but prominent among them is his admiration for the way Socrates was devoted to his divinely ordained mission as a philosopher. To have such a destiny, revealed through what one loves and is passionate about as well as through a feeling of vocation, is a necessary condition of leading a meaningful life, according to Kierkegaard. Examining what Kierkegaard has to say about the meaning of life requires looking at his conception of 'subjective truth,' as well as how he understands the ancient ideal of 'amor fati,' a notion that Nietzsche would subsequently take up, but that Kierkegaard understands in a manner that is distinctly his own, and that he sought to put into practice in his own existence. Our life is a work of art, but we are not the artist.
Life after Death after Marx

Life after Death after Marx
  • Simon Hewitt
  • Published online:
    18 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • Karl Marx's criticism of religion, as applied to afterlife belief, needs to be taken seriously by Christian theologians. After outlining that belief, the author examines a picture of heaven implicit in much Christian belief and practice which is susceptible to that critique. he sets out an alternative eschatology, centred on the Kingdom of God and the resurrection of the body, which is somewhat less susceptible. He then explores whether a doctrine of the intermediate state can be sustained in the light of Marx's criticisms. He goes on to examine the politics of remembrance in the light of Marxist criticism, and to ask whether Christianity can help compensate for the tragic character of Marxism. A constant theme is that Christian theology should exist in tension with Marx's criticisms, never assuming that it has overcome them completely.
English Play Development under Neoliberalism, 2000–2022

English Play Development under Neoliberalism, 2000–2022
  • Lucy Tyler
  • Published online:
    18 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
    • Element
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      • Open access
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  • English Play Development under Neoliberalism, 2000–2022 is the first study of the institutionalising of English play development practices in the twenty-first century. It identifies the ways in which support for playwrights and text development increased beneficially during the 1990s and 2000s. It assesses bureaucratic institutional dynamics in key English producing houses as they were surveyed by two reports in 2009, and how these were experienced and transformed in the 2010s. The Element identifies in new play development innovations in the commodification and marketisation of new writing, the bureaucratisation of literary management, the structuring and restructuring of dramaturgy according to Fordist, then post-Fordist, conditions, and the necessity for commissioned artists to operate as neoliberal subjects. It concludes with attention to a liberatory horizon for play development in the English context. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Emergence of Aegean Prehistory

The Emergence of Aegean Prehistory
  • Andrew Shapland
  • Published online:
    17 March 2025
    Print publication:
    10 April 2025
  • This Element focusses on the emergence of Aegean Prehistory as a discipline, starting with the first recorded encounters with prehistoric monuments and artefacts and ending with the decipherment of Linear B in 1952. It broadens the history of Aegean Bronze Age archaeology as told in popular accounts as a series of excavations of great men, particularly Heinrich Schliemann at Troy and Mycenae and Sir Arthur Evans at Knossos. Though their work is of fundamental importance for the discipline, here it is placed within wider political, institutional and intellectual frameworks. This Element also provides an overview of the work of many other archaeologists across the Aegean and the regional and historical context in which they operated. It provides a brief but comprehensive history of the formative stages of the study of Aegean Prehistory.
Rethinking Colonial Legacies across Southeast Asia

Rethinking Colonial Legacies across Southeast Asia
  • Through the Lens of the Japanese Wartime Empire
  • Diana S. Kim
  • Published online:
    17 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • This Element explores the significance of the Japanese wartime empire's occupation of Southeast Asia during World War Two for understanding the region's colonial legacies. It conceptualizes the occupation as a critical juncture that mediated the survival of American and European colonial institutions, and comparatively describes how, between 1940 and 1945, a wide variety of formal institutions for governing territories and people operated under the Japanese, who selectively kept or changed the existing arrangements of their Western predecessors, while sometimes introducing new ones altogether. The Japanese occupation, as such, generated different processes for transmitting pre-1940 colonial institutions into postwar and independent Southeast Asia. Building on new histories of the occupation, this Element offers an analytical framework that helps social scientists specify the mechanisms through which the long-run consequences of colonial institutions obtain in the context of Southeast Asia, while grappling more generally with what constitutes a meaningful rupture to historical continuity.
Heidegger and the Elements of (Human) Being

Heidegger and the Elements of (Human) Being
  • S. Montgomery Ewegen
  • Published online:
    17 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • By way of an analysis of Heidegger's use of the elements of earth, water, air, and fire as a means to describe the unfolding of being, this Element offers a novel account of Heidegger's understanding of the human. By covering a variety of texts from the late-20s through the early-50s (including several of his recently published Black Notebooks), this Element demonstrates the manner in which these elements comprise, for Heidegger, the very being of the human.
Neo-Fascism and the Far Right in Brazil

Neo-Fascism and the Far Right in Brazil
  • Odilon Caldeira Neto
  • Published online:
    15 March 2025
    Print publication:
    20 March 2025
  • Is there a history of neo-fascism in Brazil? The purpose of this Element is to analyze neo-fascism as a late phenomenon to understand its impacts and its connections with the so-called new rights, the radical right, as well as Bolsonarism. For this purpose, this Element is separated in three sections, addressing the formation of the first neo-fascist organizations after the Brazilian democratic transition; the development and articulation of a transnational network amidst a sharpening political crisis; and the emergence of a more complex and active Brazilian framework in the global extreme-right scenario in recent years. The main argument is that, despite being a late phenomenon, neo-fascism managed to articulate itself and have a political impact in Brazil, therefore eliciting further investigation to understand its complexity and diversity.

Page 6 of 104