Chapter 25 covers the topic of alcohol use disorder. Through a case vignette with topical MCQs for consolidation of learning, readers are brought through the diagnosis to management of a patient with alcohol use disorder. Topics covered include symptoms and diagnosis of acute intoxication and withdrawal symptoms of alcohol use, investigations, Wernicke’s enceophaloptahy, common co-morbidity, symptoms and treatment of alcohol withdrawal, delirium tremens, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of alcohol use disorder.

This chapter provides an overview of William of Ockham’s theory of obligationes, a type of logical disputation developed in the twelfth century, popularized in the thirteenth century and persisting into the Renaissance, as it is found in Part III-3, chapters 39–45, of the Summa Logicae. Ockham discusses six types of obligationes: positio, depositio, dubitatio, impositio, petitio, and sit verum, with a focus on positio. In this chapter I show how Ockham’s theory fits into the history of the development of obligationes, and then discuss, in depth, each of the six types. I highlight some of the distinctive, and in some cases puzzling, aspects of Ockham’s theory.

Question 1: When a 38-year-old prisoner was asked, ‘What is the colour of a lemon?’, he answered ‘blue’. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?

The introduction explains the book’s innovative contribution to the historiographies of human rights and German history. Whereas human rights scholarship largely sees post-1970s rights advocacy as a form of conservative humanitarianism, the book demonstrates that the triumph of market-friendly human rights in Cold War Germany was the product of contingency. Bitter political fights within the left, conservative left baiting, and the decline of revolutionary projects in the Global South enabled the market-friendly vision promoted by Christian Democrats to sideline the market-critical human rights vision of the left. The introduction also demonstrates that any account seeking to understand the development of the German left after 1968 must pay close attention to its internationalism.

This chapter complements Chapter 6’s investigation into recreational music-making, with an examination of amateur symphony orchestras – a significant nationwide phenomenon from the 1890s – which were predicated on having adequate numbers of string players. It begins by surveying organizational structures, showing that while orchestras initially operated as subscription clubs for men, they soon admitted women string players, some of whom were highly accomplished. Women’s presence often transformed standards, particularly where a conductor had experience of training strings. The chapter also examines one woman’s contributions to a regional amateur-orchestra circuit, as well as the popularity of all-women string orchestras. It then engages concepts of musical community, asking what amateur string players valued about their orchestral activities and highlighting the social cohesion and team spirit forged by playing alongside others with shared musical interests to prepare works for performances. It also argues that amateur orchestras produced thousands of string players whose knowledge of symphonic music led them to support orchestral concerts throughout their lives. (161)

I detail the impacts of US imperialism on both the structural and interpersonal levels and how these memories live in the bodies of migrants. I discuss Comandante Susana’s unearthed archive, which was found by a campesino farmer in a corn field in 2015. That archive contained the intimate letters of Domitila, the woman whose story opened the book. I show how history can be a tool to connect with movement ancestors, heal historical trauma, and reawaken a radical imagination to organize powerful social movements. I underscore the necessity of revolutionary feminism in our current historical moment. I conclude with a discussion of the larger political lessons of the Salvadoran revolution and its current-day political relevance. In an era of state violence and despair, we have much to learn from Salvadoran women who waged revolution.

Question 1: A 55-year-old man presents with complaints of chest pain, shortness of breath, headaches and abdominal pain. These symptoms have been present for the past six months and have led to multiple emergency department visits and consultations with various specialists. Repeated medical investigations have been unremarkable; nonetheless, he remains concerned and anxious about the symptoms he experiences. When reassured by the cardiologist that his chest pain is unlikely to be due to a sinister cause, he expresses frustration that his symptoms are not being taken seriously. These various symptoms have affected his ability to carry on work as a car mechanic.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

In her chapter, Pilar Villar-Argáiz shows how the poetry of Eavan Boland often invokes the very revivalism she seems at times to critique. Villar-Argáiz examines a number of Boland’s poetic predecessors in order to show her multiple points of contact with the Irish past. Though Boland engaged critically with W. B. Yeats’s revivalism, particularly as reflected in the “lyric imperative” that runs throughout his work, her posthumous published collection The Historians represents a partial reconciliation with Yeats’s work and poetic example. This reconciliation allows Boland to celebrate what she inherits from Yeats – particularly his use of use poetry to create a sense of community, not only among other writers but more broadly among the Irish people at large. Boland’s work strives for this sense of community, of belonging through relationships with landscape and “domestic interiors. In her late twentieth century revivalism, Boland thus revitalizes the bardic function so important to Yeats.

Access essential information to add to your existing clinical knowledge and skills so as to more effectively work with older people using CBT.Work collaboratively with older people using CBT, planning treatment interventions unencumbered by stereotypical beliefs about ageing and older people and expect symptom reduction consistent with standard treatment protocols.Apply ideas from theories of the science of ageing (gerontology), such as wisdom and emotional development, in order to help your client make use of lifeskills when helping themselves overcome common mental health problems.Use and apply new techniques associated with a developmentally appropriate frame of reference when working with older people.

The misuse of ethnographic analogy, illustrated through several case studies, has been and remains widespread in the archaeology of pastoralism. Earlier programmatic papers on how to strengthen the use of analogy in archaeology point to three proposals for how archaeologists interested in pastoralism might use ethnographic analogy more reliably, especially through evaluation of systematic biases in mid-twentieth-century pastoralist ethnography and highlighting temporal and spatial variability evidenced in ethnographic and historical accounts. Archaeological and ethnoarchaeological work on historical mobile pastoralism in southeastern Turkey illustrates one way of engaging with some of these proposals.