In the past few years, social media has gained a high popularity as a dynamic and interactive computer-mediated communication tools. Although it has become a part of everyday life for most of our clients, yet we did not have the opportunity to study its impact on compliance to therapy.

Assessment of impact of parallel social media group to dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills training group in a sample of Egyptian patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD).

The aim of the current study was to estimate impact of parallel social media group on compliance to DBT skills training group and its adverse events.

Patients with BPD enrolled to an outpatient comprehensive DBT program in Alexandria were assigned either to group (A) skills training, where a parallel Facebook group was crated aiming at increasing to compliance to the original group, or group (B) skills training alone and dropout rates were calculated based on completion of 6 months full skills training. We considered patients out of the group if they missed 4 sessions in a raw.

Two patients of 15 patients who joined group (A) missed four consecutive sessions with a dropout rate of 13%, whereas group (B) showed 43% drop out rate as 10 out of 23 patients did not complete the group. The difference was statistically significant. We reported only one privacy issue dealt with it immediately.

Utilization of social media group could lead to increase patient compliance to DBT skills training group.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The question of preoperative anxiety in an ophthalmological patient and its relief in an outpatient setting is becoming increasingly relevant due to the improvement of the technique and equipment of ophthalmic surgery, when the practice of «one-day surgery» is becoming increasingly common. It could not only affecting the course of the operation, but also a factor limited the availability of this type of medical care to patients. Purpose. To analyze the relationship between the level of anxiety during preoperative preparation and the choice of the optimal approach for the relief of preoperative anxiety in an ophthalmological patient in a «one day» clinic.

89 adult patients of both sexes aged from 20 y.o. referred for outpatient surgery (refractive and cataract surgery) and were included into trials, all of them are divided into main - 45 and control - 44 groups. Clinical psychotherapeutic interviewing, a scale of situational and personal anxiety C.D. Spielberger (adapted by Y.L. Khanin), a questionnaire for analyzing satisfaction with the quality of medical services provided in outpatient settings were used. Statistical: Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor for Windows; the STATISTICA application software package version 6.1. were taken. The condition for determining statistically significant differences is the value р≤0,05.

Two-stage study by the method of contiuous sampling. Clinical psychotherapeutic interviewing, a scale of situational and personal anxiety C.D. Spielberger (adapted by Y.L. Khanin), a questionnaire for analyzing satisfaction with the quality of medical services provided in outpatient settings were used. Statistical: Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor for Windows; the STATISTICA application software package version 6.1. were taken. The condition for determining statistically significant differences is the value р≤0,05.

The level of anxiety in patients who received anxiolytics

The study revealed an average and high level of situational anxiety in 66% of patients referred for refractive surgery, in 81% of patients referred for cataract surgery. Into main group, against the background of the performed anxiolytic therapy in the preoperative period, the proportion of people with a high level of reactive anxiety decreased significantly (p≤0.05) (from 24% to 8%), while personal anxiety did not significantly change. Among control group patients show a lower level of satisfaction with the quality of medical services provided in an outpatient setting.

The study showed the possibility of providing better quality medical services in «one-day» eye surgery, which expands the availability of outpatient ophthalmic surgical care to patients with high level of anxiety and anxiety disorders.

None Declared

Both original Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS; Smith et al. 2016), and the Portuguese version validated with a sample of university students (Lino et al. 2018) evaluates three second-order factors (rigid, self-oriented and narcissistic perfectionism) and ten facets.

To confirm the BTPS three-factors-ten-dimensions’ structure in a sample of Portuguese adults from the general population.

A sample of 467 adults (70.7% females; Mean age=38.44±12.27; range: 25-82) answered the BTPS Portuguese version and other validated perfectionism measures (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scales from Frost and Hewitt & Flett; Self-Presentation Perfectionism Scale). To study the temporal stability a sub-sample of 132 participants completed the BTPS again after approximately five weeks. SPSS and AMOS software was used.

The second order model presented an acceptable fit (X²/df=3.115; TLI=.811; CFI=.825; RMSEA=.067). There was also evidence of a general factor comprising all the 45 items (X²/df=3.127; TLI=.809; CFI=.823; [JA1] RMSEA=.068). The Cronbach alphas of the three factors ranged from a=.88 to a=.92; and facets had a>.70 showing a total of a=.94. Total and dimensional scores showed significant positive and moderate to high correlations with the other perfectionism measures and their test-retest correlation coefficients were r=.85 (p<0.001).

This study confirms the validity and reliability of the Portuguese BTPS underlying three-factors structure. Additionally, we found, for the first time, that BTPS can also be validly and reliably used to measure a global perfectionism construct. It is our intention to develop a shorter version the Portuguese BTPS in the near future.

Clozapine is the first option for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, affecting about 20–30% of all patients. Weight gain, sedation, hypotension and hypersalivation are common and well-known adverse effects associated with clozapine. However, it is also important to be aware of uncommon adverse effects, like parotitis.

We report a case of clozapine-induced parotitis.

Literature was accessed through Pudmed, using the search terms parotitis and clozapine.

A 36-year-old male with paranoid schizophrenia, whose psychotic symptoms have responded only slightly to two antipsychotic trial, with both haloperidol and olanzapine. Therefore, he began treatment with clozapine with the dose titrated to 400 mg/day. At first, the only registered adverse effect was hypersalivation. Eventually, after 3 months of treatment, he developed a unilateral swelling of the left parotid gland. Bacterial and viral parotitis were ruled out and the diagnosis of clozapine-induced parotitis was evoked. Patient scored 5 in the Parotitis-Specific Criteria Modified Naranjo Probability Scale. Symptomatic medication was initiated with paracetamol and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory with a favorable outcome.

There are few reports of clozapine-induced parotitis, a very rare and poorly known adverse effect with an unknown pathophysiology. Early recognition and proper management are essential to reduce morbidity associated with the treatment. There is no consensus how to manage these adverse effect, however, generally it is not necessary to discontinue the treatment.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. Although some epidemiological studies take part in literature, which claim that traumatic life events in childhood ages are observed more in patients with OCD compared to healthy population, the number of these studies is limited. In this study, it is aimed to compare OCD patients with healthy volunteers in terms of traumatic life events in childhood ages.

With 25 consecutive patients who are diagnosed as OCD and whose treatment continues, 25 healthy controls equivalent in terms of sociodemographic features are included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Childhood Age Trauma Quarter (CTQ) and Maudley Obsessive Compulsive Question List (MOCQL) are applied to the participants. Significance Value in statistical level is accepted as P < 0.05.

In OCD patient group, CTQ scores are found high in statistical level compared to healthy controls. It has been determined that there is a significant relationship between total score of MOCQL slowness subscale scores, subscale scores of sexual and emotional abuse, MOCQL rumination subscale scores and CTQ sexual abuse scores.

Compared to healthy controls, more findings of traumatic life event in childhood age are observed within OCD patients.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Abdominal obesity was suggested to be a better predictor than Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) for cardiovascular mortality, however is has not been extensively studied in schizophrenia. Hyperuricemia (HU) was also suggested to be both an independent risk factor for greater somatic comorbidity and a global metabolic stress maker in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and HU and to examine the association between metabolic parameters with HU in a cohort of French patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ), and to explore if patients were correctly treated.

In total, 240 SZ patients (age = 31.4 years, male gender 74.3%) were systematically included. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation and HU if serum uric acid level was above 360 μmol/L.

MetS, abdominal obesity and HU were found respectively in 24.2%, 21.3% and 19.6% of patients. In terms of risk factors, multiple logistic regression showed that after taking into account the potential confounders, the risk for HU was higher in males (OR = 5.9, IC 95 [1.7–21.4]) and with subjects with high waist circumference (OR = 3.1, IC 95 [1.1–8.3]) or hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 4.9, IC 95 [1.9–13]). No association with hypertension, low HDL cholesterol or high fasting glucose was observed. Only 10% of patients with hypertension received a specific treatment, 18% for high fasting glucose and 8% for dyslipidemia.

The prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia is elevated in French patients with schizophrenia, all of which are considerably under-diagnosed and undertreated. HU is strongly associated with abdominal obesity but not with psychiatric symptomatology.

Depression and suicide risk are disturbing issues within the medical community. In many countries, physician’s mental health is not a concern, due to the fact that many do not even consider medical staff as potential mental health patients. However, health care providers are an at risk population for phycological affliction due to their heavy workload.

We aim to describe the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal risk among medical residents from health centers of Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was made, between the months of February and May 2021, using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-2) and the Plutchick Suicidal Risk Scale.

There was a total population of 507 residents, where 231 completed the survey. Of these, 1 recanted his participation, and 14 were excluded according to the study’s criteria, resultingin a total of 217 residents. The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 24.9% and suicidal risk was 22.94%. Residents who worked in a private center had 3.83 times more risk of suffering depressive symptoms compared to those who belonged to the public sector. Furthermore, residents from Internal Medicine (39.5%) had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, and residents from Anesthesiology (42.2%) suffered a higher suicide risk compared to other medical residences.

A disturbing percentage of the medical residents suffer from depressive symptoms and suicidal risk. Therefore, residency programs should offer assistance to help prevent and manage mental health disorders.

No significant relationships.

Pregnancy and the postpartum are times of increased risk for women with bipolar disorder to develop new episodes.

To evaluate factors that are supposed to be associated with recurrence of bipolar I disorder among euthymic women with a history of bipolar I disorder, which could be used as a predictors of bipolar I disorder in that period.

Eighty-three pregnant women with history of bipolar I disorder were followed through pregnancy and post-partum periods for possible recurrence of a new episode. All women were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Factors that may contribute to recurrence were assessed prospectively; these included age of patients, age of onset of bipolar disorder, duration of illness, number of previous attacks, number of previous pregnancies, prior episodes in pregnancy or postpartum, complications during pregnancy and labor, pregnancy type, prior hospitalization, prior suicidal attempts, time since last episode in months, and continuation of medications.

Sixty five % of euthymic bipolar females had recurrence of a new episode, either during pregnancy (33.73%) or 4 weeks postpartum (31.32%). Discontinuation of medications, longer duration of illness, more number of previous attacks, more number of previous pregnancies, more prior episodes in pregnancy, more complication during pregnancy, more complication during labor, unplanned pregnancy type, prior hospitalization, were associated with recurrence of bipolar disorder during pregnancy and postpartum.

Multiple factors were associated with risk of recurrence of bipolar I disorder during pregnancy and postpartum, which should be while planning treatment for such women.

Substance abuse of main family member can affect other family members in some studies.

Comparing the mental status of mothers and wives of addicted men, with mothers and wives of non-addicted men.

In a case-control study which performed in a recovery home in Arak-Iran, In 2009, 57 mothers and wives of addicted men, and 57 mothers and wives of non-addicted men were assessed by MMPI-2 questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS V17.

The mean scores of addicted men's mothers were significantly higher than non-addicted men's mothers in hypochondriasis, depression, psychopath deviation, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoid, and F scales. On the other hand, the mean scores of addicted men's wives were significantly higher than non-addicted men's wives in hypochondriasis, psychopath deviation, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoid, and F scales.

There are severe psychiatric problems in mothers and wives of addicted men.

Brain health has garnered increasing attention as a requisite condition for healthy aging. The rapid growth in mobile health and increasing smartphone ownership among older adults has paved the way for smartphones to be utilized as effective tools for improving mental fitness.

There are few studies that have explored the efficacy of smartphone-based cognitive training. The present study examined the memory-enhancing effects of smartphone-based memory training for older adults.

We explored whether newly developed application “Smartphone-based brain Anti-aging and memory Reinforcement Training (SMART)” improved memory performance in older adults with subjective memory complaints.

A total of 53 adults (mean age: 59.3 years) were randomised into either one of two smartphone-based intervention groups (SMART vs. Fit Brains®) or a wait-list group. Participants in the intervention groups underwent 15–20 minutes of training per day, five days per week for 8 weeks. We used objective cognitive measures to evaluate changes with respect to four domains: attention, memory, working memory (WM), and executive function (inhibition, fluency, etc.). In addition, we included self-report questionnaires to assess levels of subjective memory complaints.

The performance on WM test increased significantly in the SMART group (t[17] = 6.27, P < 0.0001) but not in the control groups. Self-reports of memory contentment, however, increased in the Fit Brains® group only (t[18] = 2.12, P = 0.048).

Use of an 8-week smartphone-based memory training program may improve working memory function in older adults. However, objective improvement in performance does not necessarily lead to decreased subjective memory complaints.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Electroencephalography (EEG) microstates translate resting-state temporal dynamics of neuronal networks throughout the brain and could constitute possible markers of psychiatric disorders. We tested the hypothesis of an increased imbalance between a predominant self-referential mode (microstate C) and a decreased attentional mode (microstate D) in psychosis, mood, and autism spectrum disorders.

We retrospectively included 135 subjects from an early psychosis outpatient unit, with available eyes-closed resting-state 19 electrodes EEG. Individual-level then group-level modified K-means clustering in controls provided four microstate maps that were then backfitted to all groups. Differences between microstate parameters (occurrence, coverage, and mean duration) were computed between controls and each group, and between disease groups.

Microstate class D parameters were systematically decreased in disease groups compared with controls, with an effect size increasing along the psychosis spectrum, but also in autism. There was no difference in class C. C/D ratios of mean duration were increased only in SCZ compared with controls.

The decrease in microstate class D may be a marker of stage of psychosis, but it is not specific to it and may rather reflect a shared dimension along the schizophrenia-autism spectrum. C/D microstate imbalance may be more specific to schizophrenia.

Different electrophysiological (EEG) indices have been investigated as possible biomarkers of schizophrenia. However, these indices have a very limited use in clinical practice, as their associations with clinical and functional outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of multiple EEG markers with clinical variables and functional outcomes in subjects with schizophrenia (SCZs).

Resting-state EEGs (frequency bands and microstates) and auditory event-related potentials (MMN-P3a and N100-P3b) were recorded in 113 SCZs and 57 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline. Illness- and functioning-related variables were assessed both at baseline and at 4-year follow-up in 61 SCZs. We generated a machine-learning classifier for each EEG parameter (frequency bands, microstates, N100-P300 task, and MMN-P3a task) to identify potential markers discriminating SCZs from HCs, and a global classifier. Associations of the classifiers’ decision scores with illness- and functioning-related variables at baseline and follow-up were then investigated.

The global classifier discriminated SCZs from HCs with an accuracy of 75.4% and its decision scores significantly correlated with negative symptoms, depression, neurocognition, and real-life functioning at 4-year follow-up.

These results suggest that a combination of multiple EEG alterations is associated with poor functional outcomes and its clinical and cognitive determinants in SCZs. These findings need replication, possibly looking at different illness stages in order to implement EEG as a possible tool for the prediction of poor functional outcome.

Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is one of the few potentially modifiable predictors of outcome in schizophrenia. The long DUP and its relation to poor short-term outcome of schizophrenia has been studied in meta-analyses, but the conclusions remain unclear regarding the long-term effects of DUP.

To study the association between DUP and long-term outcome in a meta-analysis.

A systematic literature search of studies on DUP and long-term outcome in schizophrenia was performed using seven electronic databases. Studies were included if the follow-up was at least two years, the majority of subjects had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and DUP was studied with at least one of the following outcome categories: positive, negative, general and total symptoms, need of treatment, social functioning, employment, global outcome, quality of life and remission. Random effect methods were used to pool the effects of original studies.

2636 unique publications were identified of which 37 met our pre-defined selection criteria. Long DUP correlated with more severe positive (number of studies n=16; r=0.17), negative (n=17; r=0.14), general (n=4; r=0.29) and total symptoms (n=7; r=0.14) and with poor social functioning (n=13; r=0.13), poor global outcome (n=15; r=0.22) and less likely remission (n=16; r=0.14). The association between long DUP and decreased need of treatment was close to statistical significance (n=12; r=0.12). Employment (n=5) and quality of life (n=5) were not associated with DUP.

Severe symptoms and decreased functionality does not seem to increase the need of treatment or decrease the quality of life or employment.

Social contact is one of the most effective strategies for improving inter-group relations and is supported by decades of positive evidence. Several studies specifically support social contact interventions as a way of reducing stigma against people with mental health problems. Despite the effectiveness of this approach, some social groups have few opportunities for social contact in the real world.

Using the England Time to Change anti-stigma campaign as an example, we investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering social contact interventions at the mass population level to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems.

To investigate: (i) the feasibility of scaling up social contact interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems and (ii) the effectiveness of mass population social contact interventions to: improve intended stigmatising behaviour, increase willingness to disclose mental health problems and to promote engagement in antistigma activities.

Two types of mass participation social contact programmes within England's Time to Change campaign were evaluated via self-report questionnaire. Participants at social contact events were asked about the occurrence and quality of contact, attitudes, readiness to discuss mental health, and intended behaviour towards people with mental health problems.

Findings on feasibility and effectiveness of social contact programmes will be presented.

This study suggests that social contact interventions can be used by anti-stigma campaigns to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems. Further investigation is needed regarding the maintenance of these changes

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The growing focus on health promotion and wellbeing provides an opportunity to investigate the role of resilience in health.

1) To identify the relationship between resilience, depressive symptoms, and perceived social support among university students in Jordan, and 2) to examine the prediction power of depressive symptoms and social support for resilience among university students in Jordan.

Data collected using self-reported questionnaire from 480 university students from two private and two public universities in Jordan. Data collected in regards to resilience, depressive symptoms, and perceived social support.

The results showed that 50% of the university students in this study had moderate to high level of resiliency, 70% had certain degree of depressive feeling, and about 50% had had high level of perception of social support from family, friends, and others. The findings also showed that depression (β = – .51, p < .001) and perceived social support from friends (β = .18, p < .001) were significant predictors of resilience.

Mental health professionals need to be increasingly aware of correlates of resilience among university students for better planning and promotion of mental psychological wellbeing