Lemonias Duryi, Edwards.—I have before me a ♀ taken by Mr. S. Macgregor in 1898 between Mesilla Park and the Organ Mts. N. M.; that is, in the exact type locality of the species, originally collected by Mr. Dury in 1881. The specimen expands an inch and a half, and is thus larger than Dury's but is otherwise the same. I do not know why Dr. Holland states (Butterfly Book, p. 230) that the ♀ L. Duryi figured by him is the only one known: Dury took several and Edwards described from both sexes.

White spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, is a major commercial tree species used in reforestation programs throughout Canada, and seed requirements cannot be met in some years because of insect damage and the periodic nature of cone crops. The spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), feeds on buds and cones of its hosts, causing a pronounced decrease in cone production (Schooley 1978). A current outbreak in northeastern Ontario poses a serious threat to white spruce seed supply from high value, managed seed production areas. Therefore, in 1979, we began an experiment to determine whether carbofuran, a systemic insecticide, could be used to protect buds and cones when applied to soil. We chose carbofuran because it has proved successful for control of some insects in seed orchards in the southeastern United States (DeBarr 1978)

A new species of Metapolophium is described, this being the first record of the genus from the Canadian arctic.

Now that the winter is well advanced and before many weeks are over spring will be upon us, it reminds me of many enquiries made during the last few years about the localities and dates of diurnals captured by me in the North-west in 1883 and 1884. These particulars are nearly all to be found at the National Museum of the Gelogical Museum at Ottawa, but for the benefit of those who may be visiting the North-west with a view to collecting diurnals, I propose to gie such information about the rarest species as my notes supply, and as my limited time will permit.

The genus Erythroneura was divided by W. L.. McAtee and later confirmed by Wm. Robinson, into several groups by the venation of the front wing. The maculata group was characterized particularly by the absence of the M-Cu cross-vein and by the base of cell M4 being angulate. In dissecting and studying the male genitalia of several hundred specimens of this group a good many undescribed forms have been found. It is the purpose of the present paper to begin a study of the entire group, redescribing named species wliere necessary and adding the new forms. Drawings and photographs have been made but will be published later.

In our last notes we mentioned the names of various species of moths that, on various grounds, are to be dropped from our list of Canadian Lepidoptera ; we now proceed to mention those that are to be added to the list, as having been captured or determined since its publication in 1865. These, of course, are only what have come under our own notice, but we have no doubt that the number might be largely increased by our readers, notwithstanding that the last two years have been so peculiarly unfavourable to the collectors of Lepidoptera in this country.

The genus Isonychus contains about 60 described species, largely from Central and South America. None have been recorded previously from the United States. The species described below from southern Arizona extends the known range of the genus about six or seven hundred miles northward.

The genus is placed in the Macrodactylini and may be briefly characterized as follows: surfaces of vertex, pronotum, scutellum, and elytra covered with setae; elytra feebly striate; setal color pattern usually present on elytra; fore tibia bidentate; all tarsi with two claws, each of the latter cleft at tip and with a small basal tooth; one tibial spur on each fore leg, two spurs on each mesothoracic leg in both sexes and two tibial spurs on each metathoracic leg of the female, spurs lacking or single on the metathoracic legs of the male; fore and middle coxae contiguous or very narrowly separated.

The role of vision in the flight initiation sequence of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was assessed by comparing the behavioral sequences and frequencies of takeoffs of untethered and tethered beetles with and without vision. Results showed that vision plays a critical role in the successful completion of the launch and the maintenance of lift for the adult Colorado potato beetle. The sequence was interrupted immediately before or during the lifting of the mesothoracic legs or before the launch for most blind beetles. Liftoffs of untethered beetles over a 1-h period in a flight chamber were reduced significantly, by 77%, in blind beetles compared with normal beetles. In addition, the preponderance of upward (dispersal) flights following successful liftoffs of normal beetles was replaced by a preponderance of downward (short) flights for blind beetles. Blind beetles that did not have to launch themselves because they were tethered initiated flight as frequently as tethered normal Colorado potato beetles. The duration and repeatability of flights initiated by tethered blind Colorado potato beetles were also similar to those of flights initiated by tethered normal Colorado potato beetles in a stationary environment. Together, the results of the tests with untethered and tethered beetles indicate that vision is a key factor during flight launching and for flight continuation.

This species is described by me in Bull. Buff Soc., N. S., III., 85, not in the Geological Survey, as quoted in the Washington Catalogue. A comparison of the description proves that the insect before me could not have been M. olivacea. Its terms, both as to colour and markings, completely cover the description of M. circumcincta. There can, of course, be no reasonable doubt that the existing so-called “type” of comis is a specimen of olivacea, in which case the type label has been certainly transferred to another specimen after the type of comis was returned to Mr. Hy. Edwards. I do not remember that my type of comis was peculiarly set. The species was so much more vividly coloured that it did not even suggest to me olivacea, a species of which I possessed a long series.

The rewarding orchid, Cremastra appendiculata (Orchidaceae), has a strong floral scent and is pollinated by long-tongued bumble bee queens (Bombus diversus tersatus Smith; Hymenoptera: Apidae). The response of queens of B. diversus tersatus to the scent of C. appendiculata was investigated using a gas chromatography–electroantennographic detector system and Y-tube olfactometer. Gas chromatography–electroantennographic detector analysis of flower extracts showed that seven compounds (nerol, methyl decanoate, methyl dodecanoate, methyl tetradecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, ethyl dodecanoate, and ethyl tetradecanoate) elicited antennal responses from B. diversus tersatus queens. Further, Y-tube olfactometer test results showed that queens significantly preferred both the flower extracts and synthetic mixture of seven EAD active compounds compared with pentane (a solvent control). These results suggest that floral scents play an important role in attracting queens and promote successful pollination.

The following is a report on certain specimens of Ichneumonidae found in a small collection of Hymenoptera made by Mr. J. A. Guignard of Ottawa, Ontario, and recently acquired by the writer, for the Canadian National Collection, through the kindness of a relative of the late Mr. Guignard.

1. Pezomachus Pettitii. N. sp.– ♀ .–Head piceous-black, face rufo-piceous, the middle longitudinally prominent; marrdibles fuscous; antennæ longer than head and thorax, pale ferruginous, dusky at tips; thorax nearly as long as abdomen, piceous-brown, paler laterally and beneath; nodes subequal; legs entirely piceous-brown; paler abdomen ovate beyond first segment, shining piceous-black; first segment narrow, slightly dilated behind the lateral tubercles which are not prominent, apical margin pale; sometimes the heas, thorax and abdomen are entirely piceous-black,except the pale band at apex of first segment which is always conspicuous in this species; ovipostor short, about as long as first abdominal segment. Length .14–15 inch.

Egg.—Pear-shaped, broad at base and rounded, tapering rapidly to a small, slightly depressed, truncated summit; marked by about twenty-four low, vertical, not sharply defined ribs, which extend a little more than half way from the top to base, but vary in individuals; below the ribs to base thickly covered with shallow and irregular (both as to size and shape) indentations, not separated by definite ridges or threads; colour, when laid, pale green. Duration of this stage, nine days.

The fujiyamai species group is formed for two East Asian species of the genus Plagiophorus Motschulsky, P. fujiyamai (Kubota) from Japan, South Korea, and China (Beijing) and P. subcorticarissp. nov. from Taiwan. The fujiyamai group is unique in that the antennal club is not excavated in the male and antennomere III has two distinct sutures. A key to the species of the fujiyamai group is given.