The high comorbidity of substance use disorders (SUDs) among people with severe mental health conditions (MHCs) poses major challenges to providing effective care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where treatment options are limited.

The aim of this scoping review was to produce an overview of the current evidence on psychosocial interventions for people with comorbid MHCs and SUDs in LMICs.

The following databases were searched from their inception to 23 July 2024: PubMed/Medline, Global Health, Embase, PsycINFO and Global Index Medicus. We also searched for grey literature, using Google Scholar, ProQuest and Clinicaltrials.gov. Reporting was according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. Studies were eligible if they focused on any psychosocial intervention targeting substance use in people with severe MHCs from LMICs. Of the 6304 records screened by titles and abstracts, 138 full-text articles were assessed and included for data extraction.

Of the 6304 records screened by titles and abstracts, 138 full-text articles were assessed and 13 articles were included for data extraction. Many of the studies (n = 9) had a quasi-experimental design, and were from Latin America and South Asia. Four studies were randomised controlled trials. The primary outcomes examined were substance use abstinence, treatment engagement and retention, reduction in psychiatric symptoms, functioning and suicidal behaviours. Despite some heterogeneity in study designs, target populations and evaluated outcomes, interventions including various tobacco cessation programmes, screening and brief intervention with family support, and community-based programmes, have demonstrated positive outcomes in reducing tobacco, alcohol and khat use, respectively.

The review shows that there have been few initiatives to design and test psychosocial interventions for individuals with comorbid severe MHCs and SUDs in LMICs. There is a clear need to design and test feasible, acceptable, and effective interventions to address both severe MHCs and substance use when they co-occur.

Social function is increasingly demonstrated as a factor in risk, maintenance and outcome of eating disorders, but not emphasised in theoretical models of, and treatment approaches to, adolescent eating disorders.

To adapt Schmidt and Treasure’s cognitive interpersonal model of anorexia nervosa to incorporate developmental and transdiagnostic components.

Qualitative interviews with young people aged 12–16 years (inclusive), who are in contact with child and adolescent community eating disorders services, and their parents, subjected to thematic analysis.

Five key themes emerged that were mutually dependent on a sixth theme of emotion regulation and coping. These themes were: peer relationships, change and uncertainty, thinking styles, appearance and achievement-based values, and family relationships.

Peer relationships emerged as distinct from family relationships in this population, and a unifying theme was emotion regulation and coping. The framework could guide clinical assessment and the development or adaptation of interventions to address the themes identified. Research is needed to understand the role of the themes in treatment response and outcomes.

Extended reality may offer a convenient and effective method of increasing well-being within the wider healthcare workforce and particularly for those working in the mental health sector who are subject to high levels of stress because of increased workload, high levels of staff turnover and limited resources.

This scoping review aims to identify and assimilate relevant literature pertaining to the use of extended reality to improve healthcare practitioners’ well-being.

Databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane and PubMed) and grey literature were searched for relevant articles using established methodology and reported as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews.

A total of 280 articles were yielded by the search strategy, with 13 relevant articles selected by two independent reviewers in a blinded process. Studies demonstrated a heterogenous pool of outcome measurement modalities, intervention modalities and duration and frequency of the interventions. Of all the studies, 85% note a positive impact on healthcare practitioner well-being but studies have limited comparability because of heterogeneity. Interventions were engaging but the practicality of implementing such technologies into a finance- and time-limited healthcare environment will be a challenge.

Whilst extended reality is a promising well-being intervention, there is a paucity of literature relating to its effect on mental health practitioners’ well-being, and further studies in this area are required.