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Mathematical models of bond markets are of interest to researchers working in applied mathematics, especially in mathematical finance. This book concerns bond market models in which random elements are represented by Lévy processes. These are more flexible than classical models and are well suited to describing prices quoted in a discontinuous fashion. The book's key aims are to characterize bond markets that are free of arbitrage and to analyze their completeness. Nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) are an important tool in the analysis. The authors begin with a relatively elementary analysis in discrete time, suitable for readers who are not familiar with finance or continuous time stochastic analysis. The book should be of interest to mathematicians, in particular to probabilists, who wish to learn the theory of the bond market and to be exposed to attractive open mathematical problems.
We review the basic theory of completely bounded (c.b.) and completely positive (c.p.) maps and prove the fundamental extension and factorization theorems about them.
This chapter is devoted to a proof that the Connes and Kirchberg questions are equivalent. We also formulate several equivalent variants of the conjectures, that somewhat complement the equivalence.