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3714 results in Classical languages

Page 45 of 186

  • Preface to the second edition

    • By Peter Jones, Newcastle upon Tyne, Keith Sidwell, Emeritus Professor of Latin and Greek, University College Cork and Adjunct Professor, Department of Classics and Religion, University of Calgary
  • Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    An Independent Study Guide to <I>Reading Latin</I>
    Published online:
    21 June 2018
    Print publication:
    10 May 2018, pp ix-ix

  • Summary

    The second edition of the Study Guide follows the changes made to Reading Latin: Text and Vocabulary and Grammar and Exercises in the second edition. Mostly these are self-evident (new translations for the altered sections of text; new keys to the exercises for sections where text was altered or where grammar was moved). Three additional points should, however, be noted. First, since extended prose begins now in Section 3, we have reverted to a very literal style of translation for the texts from 3D: this continues to the end of Section 4. In the translations from Text, as far as possible line numbers relate to the beginning of the corresponding Latin line (though of course their placement will be inexact where the version is not literal). Secondly, we have moved all additional reading material from the Grammar (originally in the Dēliciae Latīnae sections) of Sections 1 to 5 into pp. 283–328 of the Text and Vocabulary volume. Consequently, the keys to this material are now collected together under the heading ‘Additional reading for Sections 1B to 5G’ at the end of this volume. Thirdly, in case users have missed the announcement in Text and Vocabulary, we hope there will be available, at some stage in the future, to accompany this new edition of Reading Latin, interactive online exercises, produced by Professor Alison Sharrock (University of Manchester). Please contact Cambridge University Press for more information.

  • Section 3 - Early Roman history: from Aeneas to Hannibal

  • Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    An Independent Study Guide to <I>Reading Latin</I>
    Published online:
    21 June 2018
    Print publication:
    10 May 2018, pp 73-97

  • Summary

    3A(Text pp. 86–94)

    Notes for 3A

    The translation remains close to the Latin but becomes moderately colloquial here and there.

    In this Section we concentrate on is, ea, id, ‘that’, pl. ‘those’, and ‘he, she, it’, which functions as an adjective and pronoun, like ille and hic. Thus Text line 2 id ‘that’, ea ‘she’; line 3 eam ‘her’, id ‘that’ and so on. All are in the vocabulary.

    We also introduce comparative and superlative adjectives – ‘longer’, ‘longest’ in English, most commonly -ior, -issimus in Latin (e.g. Text line 2 iratissima ‘very angry’, ‘angriest’, line 11 pulchrior ‘more beautiful’). Note that in comparative constructions the word quam means ‘than’, a meaning you learned at 2C (e.g. line 11, pulchrior … quam alia ‘more beautiful than another’).

    For the first time here, you also meet phrases in the accusative which express the time over which something occurs (e.g. line 20 breue tempus ‘for a short time’; line 27 plurimos annos ‘for very many years’; line 29 omnem uitam ‘for all of your life’). These are glossed as units in the running vocabulary.

    Notes for 3A(i)

    Page 86

  • 2 iratissima: lit. ‘very angry’, but as often, English idiom requires an adverb where Latin uses an adjective. Tr. ‘very angrily’.

  • 3 formosissimae: f. s. dat, so referring to a female, in this case a goddess.

  • 4 propter hoc mālum – malum minimum: note the pun on mālum ‘apple’ and malum ‘bad thing’ (and cf. the old school mnemonic, used by Benjamin Britten in his opera Turn of the Screw, ‘mālō I would rather be, mālō in an apple-tree, malō than a naughty boy, malō in adversity’).

  • 5 discordia Iunoni … fuit: lit. ‘there was discord to/between Iuno … etc.’; dat. of possession (see GE 48).

    • Page 88

  • 19 plus pulchritudinis: lit. ‘more of beauty’. Plus is a noun, not an adjective, and therefore takes a genitive case to express the comparison.

  • 35 inuisi: note that this adjective governs the dative case, which explains Iunoni et Mineruae (‘hateful to’, ‘hated by’).

  • 36 laetissimus: see n. above on iratissima.

  • Preface to the first edition

  • Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    An Independent Study Guide to <I>Reading Latin</I>
    Published online:
    21 June 2018
    Print publication:
    10 May 2018, pp vii-viii

  • Summary

    This Study Guide provides translations, answers and reading hints for Peter Jones’ and Keith Sidwell's Reading Latin (Text and Grammar, Vocabulary and Exercises, Cambridge University Press, 1986). It is designed for two sorts of reader: those who are learning Latin rapidly and intensively, and those who are learning Latin on their own or with only limited access to a teacher.

    There are two important features.

    First, we believe it is important that there should be times when learners are out there on their own. Then again, teachers working with the book need some material which they know students cannot simply lift from this answer book. So the ‘Reading/Test exercises’ at the end of each grammatical section have not been translated. These test only what should have already been learned, and will provide compelling evidence of whether it has been or not. We recommend that those who are learning by themselves try to find someone who will correct these exercises. The exercises marked ‘optional’ have not been provided with a key either. These reinforce what should have been learned from the regular exercises. If teachers need to set them, then they also need to know that the answers are not easily available to students. Again, those who are learning alone will find it advisable to have a teacher check their answers to these exercises, if they have found it necessary to embark on them in order to reinforce earlier work.

    Second, the translations of the Text intentionally vary in style, from the absolutely literal with English words in Latin word-order (in Sections 1 and 4) to the moderately colloquial. The purpose of these extremes is to force constant attention on the Latin. The literal, Latin-order translations, almost gibberish in English, achieve this one way (‘What on earth does that mean? I'd better look at the Latin for clarification’); the moderately colloquial another way (‘How on earth does the Latin mean that?’).

    Users of the course will find an index of topics dealt with in the Text volume listed section by section in The World of Rome: An Introduction to Roman Culture, Cambridge University Press 1997, ed. Peter Jones and Keith Sidwell, Appendix 3, pp. 347–52. This can be used in association with the other indexes to find information about Roman history, culture and literature.

  • Section 4 - Provincial corruption: the Verres scandal 73–71

  • Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    An Independent Study Guide to <I>Reading Latin</I>
    Published online:
    21 June 2018
    Print publication:
    10 May 2018, pp 98-152

  • Summary

    4A(Text pp.126–33)

    Testing shows that the change in register from colloquial Latin in dialogue form to a continuous prose narrative causes problems, especially as more complex syntax begins to be introduced. So, although we have in this second edition begun continuous prose narrative in Section 3, we nonetheless continue with a literal translation in Latin word-order throughout Section 4. A more idiomatic translation is also available in the Text volume for those passages we have selected for ‘quick reading’.

    In these four passages, we introduce one new tense ‘I was —ing’ (the imperfect of active and deponent verbs). You will also meet two new infinitive forms: (1) ‘to have —ed’ (perfect active and deponent); (2) ‘to be going to …’ (future infinitive active and deponent). The central feature of the texts, though, is the introduction of the Latin for ‘that’ clauses after verbs like ‘I say’, ‘I deny’ etc. (indirect statement), which Latin does with accusative and infinitive. Two little words (iste ‘that of yours’, or ‘the defendant’, quidam ‘a’) complete the package.

    From now on, all references are to Text unless otherwise indicated. NB these notes are no longer separated by page number.

    Notes for 4A(i)

  • 4 seruos quosdam: ‘some slaves’. Latin does not have a word for ‘a’. But quidam (like qui GE 29) does duty for it when indefiniteness is emphasised. Other examples are in lines 11 and 11–12.

  • 6 expugnabant: ‘[they] began to storm’. This is the first example of the new tense, the imperfect, which is introduced in this section. Note the marker, after the stem, -eba- or -aba-, to which the personal endings are added. The continuousness of the action is here contrasted with the ‘finished’ action concurrerunt (‘they charged and began storming’). Other imperfects in this section are: conabantur (line 7); commouebant (line 9); percrebrescebat (line 9); fiebat (line 16).

  • 6 clamauere: remember that this is an alternative 3 pl. perfect active form, for clamauerunt. You will find several more examples in 4A(ii). Note the stem very carefully (clamau-) so as to avoid mistaking these forms for infinitives of 2nd conjugation verbs (e.g. commouēre below at line 12).

  • 9 erat: ‘was’. This is the first example of the imperfect tense of sum, which is irregular. See GE 89 Notes 4 for the full forms.

  • General introduction

  • Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    An Independent Study Guide to <I>Reading Latin</I>
    Published online:
    21 June 2018
    Print publication:
    10 May 2018, pp 1-6

  • Summary

    Preliminaries

    The course

    Peter Jones and Keith Sidwell, Reading Latin 2nd edition (Cambridge University Press 2016), comes in two volumes:

    Text and Vocabulary = the (smaller) book which contains a Latin Text in six Sections (hereafter referred to as Text), along with the necessary vocabulary.

    Grammar and Exercises = the (bigger) book which contains the Grammar and Exercises, from now on called GE. Note that the page numbers are at the foot of the page in GE.

    You need both volumes.

    How Reading Latin works

    Each Section of the Latin Text includes the necessary vocabulary, and word-exercises called Deliciae Latinae; each Section has a parallel Section in GE, supplying grammatical explanations and exercises,

  • First you read the Text with the help of the facing-page vocabulary;

  • Then you learn the Learning Vocabulary in the Text;

  • Finally you work through the Grammar and Exercises in GE.

    • In general, consult the methodology section in the Text volume pp. xiv–xv.

    This Guide

    This Guide supplies help under four headings:

  • NOTES to help you as you read the Text for the first time (these give help over and above the vocabulary).

  • TRANSLATION of the Text so that you can check that you have got it right.

  • ANSWERS to the Exercises.

  • TRANSLATIONS of the material in what was called Dēliciae Latīnae in the first edition now gathered under the heading ‘Additional reading for Sections 1B to 5G’.

    • But please note the following vital exceptions:

  • • We do not provide answers for those exercises marked Optional in GE.

  • • After Section IA, we do not provide translations either of the Latin-into-English Reading/Test exercises or of the Latin-into-English part of the English–Latin exercises in GE.

    • Your aims in using this course

  • • If you want to learn to read original Latin helped along, say, by a translation, translate all the reading passages in the Text and do all the exercises not marked *. This is the minimum you will need to achieve your aim.

  • • If you want to gain a detailed mastery of the language and perhaps take an examination, do all the exercises including those marked *.

  • • Whatever your answer, you should also try the English-into-Latin exercises (marked **). These are quite demanding, but are very good for the brain and will help your understanding of the language considerably.

Page 45 of 186