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3024 results in Egyptology

Page 5 of 152

Hieroglyphs, Pseudo-Scripts and Alphabets

Hieroglyphs, Pseudo-Scripts and Alphabets
  • Their Use and Reception in Ancient Egypt and Neighbouring Regions
  • Ben Haring
  • Published online:
    22 November 2023
    Print publication:
    21 December 2023
  • The Egyptian hieroglyphic script was exceptionally versatile, as becomes clear when studying its multiple uses both within Ancient Egypt and beyond its borders. Even the few cases discussed in this Element demonstrate that in the ancient world hieroglyphs appealed to a wide readership, which ranged from highly accomplished scribes, artists and priests, to semi-literate workmen, as well as to speakers of non-Egyptian languages. Creative processes within these different groups resulted in very different adaptations of regular hieroglyphic writing: highly specialized enigmatic compositions, less informed ad hoc orthographies, isolated uses of hieroglyphs as marks and emblems, and the development of new writing systems. Important reasons for the wide appeal and deep impact of hieroglyphic writing are the iconicity and cultural messages of its individual signs on the one hand, and its remarkable semiotic strategies in rendering human language on the other.

  • 5 - The Papyri

  • Edited and translated by Giulio Iovine, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
  • Book:
    Latin Military Papyri of Dura-Europos (<i>P.Dura</i> 55–145)
    Published online:
    21 July 2023
    Print publication:
    10 August 2023, pp 193-658

  • Summary

    The edition of all the papyri, with introduction, critical text, translation and line-by-line commentary. The manuscripts are grouped chronologically and not according to typology, from sub-chapters 5.1 to 5.8, 5.7. including the papyri of uncertain date, and 5.8. the unpublished items I inspected at the Beinecke Library.

Latin Military Papyri of Dura-Europos (P.Dura 55–145)
  • A New Edition of the Texts, with Introduction and Notes
  • Edited and translated by Giulio Iovine
  • Published online:
    21 July 2023
    Print publication:
    10 August 2023
  • This is a full new edition of the Latin papyri from Dura Europos, which provide a wealth of material for several branches of Classical scholarship. They are a priceless source for palaeographers investigating the history of Latin writing, inasmuch as they represent a real archive containing documents produced by scribes who were presumably competent in both Latin and Greek. Historians of the Roman Empire and Roman army are offered a glance inside the everyday life of a Roman camp built within a Hellenized town of Semitic origin with a flourishing Jewish community. The papyri also provide glimpses into spoken Latin and substandard varieties, and the Latin texts survive alongside written samples of eight other languages (Greek, Palmyrenean, Hatrean, Syriac, Parthian and Pehlevi, Hebrew and Safaitic). The editions are accompanied by translations and notes, while the volume also includes a substantial introduction, appendix, and thorough commentary on the Feriale Duranum.
Famine and Feast in Ancient Egypt

Famine and Feast in Ancient Egypt
  • Ellen Morris
  • Published online:
    16 June 2023
    Print publication:
    06 July 2023
  • This Element is about the creation and curation of social memory in pharaonic and Greco-Roman Egypt. Ancient, Classical, Medieval, and Ottoman sources attest to the horror that characterized catastrophic famines. Occurring infrequently and rarely reaching the canonical seven-years' length, famines appeared and disappeared like nightmares. Communities that remain aware of potentially recurring tragedies are often advantaged in their efforts to avert or ameliorate worst-case scenarios. For this and other reasons, pharaonic and Greco-Roman Egyptians preserved intergenerational memories of hunger and suffering. This Element begins with a consideration of the trajectories typical of severe Nilotic famines and the concept of social memory. It then argues that personal reflection and literature, prophecy, and an annual festival of remembrance functioned-at different times, and with varying degrees of success-to convince the well-fed that famines had the power to unseat established order and to render a comfortably familiar world unrecognizable.
Technology and Culture in Pharaonic Egypt

Technology and Culture in Pharaonic Egypt
  • Actor Network Theory and the Archaeology of Things and People
  • Martin Fitzenreiter
  • Published online:
    21 March 2023
    Print publication:
    13 April 2023
  • The inherent paradox of Egyptology is that the objective of its study – people living in Egypt in Pharaonic times – are never the direct object of its studies. Egyptology, as well as archaeology in general, approach ancient lives through material (and sometimes immaterial) remains. This Element explores how, through the interplay of things and people – of non-human actants and human actors – Pharaonic material culture is shaped. In turn, it asks how, through this interplay, Pharaonic culture as an epistemic entity is created: an epistemic entity which conserves and transmits even the lives and deaths of ancient people. Drawing upon aspects of Actor Network Theory, this Element introduces an approach to see technique as the interaction of people and things, and technology as the reflection of these networks of entanglement.
Egyptian Archaeology and the Twenty-First Century Museum

Egyptian Archaeology and the Twenty-First Century Museum
  • Alice Stevenson
  • Published online:
    19 August 2022
    Print publication:
    08 September 2022
  • This Element addresses the cultural production of ancient Egypt in the museum as a mixture of multiple pasts and presents that cohere around collections; their artefacts, documentation, storage, research, and display. Its four sections examine how ideas about the past are formed by museum assemblages: how their histories of acquisition and documentation shape interpretation, the range of materials that comprise them, the influence of their geographical framing, and the moments of remaking that might be possible. Throughout, the importance of critical approaches to interpretation is underscored, reasserting the museum as a site of active research and experiment, rather than only exhibitionary product or communicative media. It argues for a multi-directional approach to museum work that seeks to reveal the inter-relations of collection histories and which has implications not just for museum representation and documentation, but also for archaeological practice more broadly.
Ancient Egypt in its African Context

Ancient Egypt in its African Context
  • Economic Networks, Social and Cultural Interactions
  • Andrea Manzo
  • Published online:
    09 March 2022
    Print publication:
    07 April 2022
  • This Element is aimed at discussing the relations between Egypt and its African neighbours. In the first section, the history of studies, the different kind of sources available on the issue, and a short outline of the environmental setting is provided. In the second section the relations between Egypt and its African neighbours from the late Prehistory to Late Antique times are summarized. In the third section the different kinds of interactions are described, as well as their effects on the lives of individuals and groups, and the related cultural dynamics, such as selection, adoption, entanglement and identity building. Finally, the possible future perspective of research on the issue is outlined, both in terms of methods, strategies, themes and specific topics, and of regions and sites whose exploration promises to provide a crucial contribution to the study of the relations between Egypt and Africa.

Page 5 of 152