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natural versus artificial environment

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5 - The Environment
from Part II - External Factors
Andrew R. Halloran, Elgin Centre, Inc., Animal Care & Welfare, Vero Beach, Florida
Book:

Animal Curation

Published online:

20 November 2025

Print publication:

04 December 2025, pp 102-121
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Summary

There is a critical role that environmental factors play in the thriving of animals. This chapter emphasises the distinction between natural and artificial environments and their respective impacts on animal welfare. It discusses the importance of habitat, the degree of physical movement possible, cognitive stimulation, social dynamics, and the intrinsic rewards that environments can provide. Further, it addresses the challenges and compensations associated with artificial environments. The narrative includes discussions on the limitations imposed by artificial settings and the innovative ways these can be mitigated to simulate natural habitats as closely as possible. The chapter concludes by stressing the importance of designing environments that cater to the specific needs of different animal species, thereby ensuring their psychological and physical thriving. The implications of these environmental factors are profound, suggesting that the well-being of animals is heavily influenced by the quality and design of their surroundings.