Although it is well established that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetal overgrowth in singleton pregnancies, little is known about its role in twins. We aimed to explore the relationship between GDM and the longitudinal fetal growth in twin pregnancies. This was a retrospective matched cohort study of GDM and non-GDM twin pregnancies delivered ≥36 weeks without other complications. All the women performed ≥3 ultrasounds after 22 weeks. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to explore the relationships between longitudinal fetal growth trajectories and GDM. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were applied to identify the latent growth patterns and investigate their relationships with GDM. In total, 215 GDM and 645 non-GDM twins were included, the majority of the patients did not require medication therapy (n = 202, GDMA1). LMM revealed that, compared with non-GDM, GDM was associated with an average increase in fetal weight of 4.36 g (95% CI [1.25, 7.48]) per week. GBTM and GEE further revealed that GDM increased the odds of fetal weight trajectory to nearly 40% of the total fetal weight trajectory, classified into the high-speed group (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.03, 1.88]), associating with a 49.44 g (95% CI [11.41, 87.48]) increase in birth weight. Subgroup analysis revealed that all these differences were only significant among the GDMA1 pregnancies (p < .05). GDM (GDMA1) is significantly associated with an increase in fetal weight during gestation in twin pregnancies. However, this acceleration is mild, and its significance requires further exploration.

Highlights from the International Symposium on Twins, held at the University of Crete on May 23−24, 2025, are summarized. The symposium, organized by Dr Maria Markodimitraki, Professor in the Department of Preschool Education at the University of Crete, attracted scholars and practitioners from Greece and around the world. Meetings with a pair of reunited monozygotic female twins, and a female twin in search of her sister, also from Greece, are described. This review is followed by summaries of twin research on neonatal outcomes, growth discordance and restriction, and romantic partners and alcohol use. Human interest stories include a book documenting the extraordinary lives of identical twins Celia and Mamaine Paget, a museum wing honoring the lost Rockefeller twin, a remarkable conjoined twinning case in India, the death of an Australian sports icon, and a most unusual triplet birth.

Twins have been popular figures in many fictional works. A review of two well-known twin-based series, and why they fascinate, is presented. This summary is followed by reviews of twinning in low-income countries, oxytocin administration during twin pregnancies, male-female twins and maternal risk of preeclampsia, and the loss of a twin from the controversial 1960s New York City twin study. The final part of this column covers human interest stories involving twins, specifically a monozygotic quadruplet set conceived naturally, the twins born to Cleopatra and Mark Antony, a star basketball player with a twin brother, a twin stabbed at a track meet, and the revelation of another twin hostage held in Gaza.

Giving twins similar names places them at increased risk for mixed credit reports as they enter young adulthood and beyond. Attorneys specializing in this area of the law are often required to manage lawsuits againt the agencies responsible for such errors. This overview is followed by summaries of twin research and reports of treating twins with central nervous system infection, twins with COVID-19, and twins with septal aneurism, as well as a review of the comparative outcomes of twins born via assisted reproduction versus natural conception and a tribute to the late Dr Helen E. Fisher. Human interest items include a twins’ rally for Israeli twins held hostage in Gaza, a tribute to the founding member of the National Mothers of Twins Clubs (now Multiples of America), a quadruplet birth, an identical twin politician, and identical twin actresses.