Cyberchondria involves excessive and uncontrollable online searching of information about a perceived illness. This behavior can cause or maintain distress.

Little is known about cyberchondria during the COVID-19 pandemic or how cyberchondria in one individual may cause distress in their significant other if they are self-isolating together; our study sought to fill these gaps.

We conducted a Qualtrics Panel survey with 760 cohabitating Canadian couples; in June 2020, participants retrospectively reported on their cyberchondria behavior, general anxiety, and COVID-19 fears during the month of April 2020, while adhering to stay-at-home advisories. Two separate actor-partner interdependence models (APIMs) used cyberchondria excessiveness and compulsion to predict generalized anxiety and COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the actor and partner.

Both cyberchondria excessiveness and compulsion were associated with higher general anxiety and higher COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the individual (actor effects). Partner cyberchondria compulsion was associated with higher general anxiety in the individual whereas partner cyberchondria excessiveness was associated with higher COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the individual (partner effects).

Findings suggest that excessive and uncontrollable searching of information about COVID-19 on the internet during lockdown may contribute to distress in both the individual engaging in the cyberchondria behavior, and in their romantic partner. Moreover, different aspects of cyberchondria in the partner (compulsion vs. excessiveness) appears to contribute to general vs. COVID-19-specific anxiety/fears in the partner, respectively. Future research should examine mechanisms underlying the observed partner effects (e.g., co-rumination, social contagion) and reasons for the differential partner effects of cyberchondria components.

En psychiatrie, la contention médicale reste une pratique courante qui peut s’avérer traumatisante pour le patient. Elle doit toujours être associée à une sédation. Nous avons voulu réaliser un état des lieux de cette prise en charge médicamenteuse dans notre établissement.

Pendant 1 mois (janvier 2015), nous avons ciblé les patients sous énoxaparine sodique en préventif grâce au logiciel de prescription (Pharma®). Pour chaque patient, nous avons vérifié qu’il s’agissait bien d’une contention physique. Puis, une analyse des traitements prescrits était réalisée (médicaments, associations, posologies…).

Quatorze patients ont été inclus dans l’étude (8 hommes et 6 femmes, âge moyen : 33 ans). En moyenne, les patients ont été contenus 4 jours [1–10], l’énoxaparine sodique a été initié 24 h [0–72] après le début de la contention et administré pendant 2 jours [0–6]. Les patients ont reçu entre 0 et 3 antipsychotiques différents (cyamémazine, lévomépromazine et halopéridol) indiqués dans les états psychotiques aigus dont le plus prescrit était le cyamémazine (10/14 patients) à une posologie moyenne de 50 mg à j1, 115 mg à j2 et j3. Concernant les benzodiazépines, les patients ont reçu en moyenne une seule benzodiazépine et principalement le lorazépam (7/14) à une posologie de 4 mg à j1, 5,5 mg à j2 et j3 ou le diazépam (4/14) à une posologie de 7,5 mg à j1, 22,5 mg à j2 et 27,5 mg à j3.

Les patients contenus reçoivent donc peu de psychotropes, à posologies faibles par rapport aux doses habituelles en psychiatrie (exemple : cyamémazine jusqu’à 600 mg). Un groupe de travail sur la contention en psychiatrie est actuellement en cours dans l’établissement afin d’émettre des recommandations sur les modalités de prescription des psychotropes pour éviter une contention physique durable.

Refugee children, particularly unaccompanied refugee minors, present with disproportionately high prevalence of mental health and emotional difficulties. However, the mental health service access and treatment engagement of this vulnerable group has been consistently shown to be poorer than the general population. Despite of this, so far there hasn’t been much research to explore the possible underlying reasons or barriers for these young people to access mental health service in their host countries.

This research aims to understand unaccompanied refugee children's barriers to access and utilize mental health services. To explore any potential characteristics in the service provision that can be linked with the observed poor treatment engagement and service access is also an objective of this study.

The study was conducted by using semi-structured interviews with 15 unaccompanied asylum seeking minors and their carers to elicit their views, perceptions and beliefs based on their experience of receiving treatment from a specialist mental health service in the UK.

The interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. The main findings were categorised into two broad themes, the participants’ perceptions of the intervention received, and perception of the professionals involved. The different elements and pertinent issues within these two broad areas were discussed.

Findings will help stimulate further exploratory research gaining better understanding of the barriers for these young people to access treatment, and contribute in developing innovative services that are more efficient in engaging this vulnerable group and suitable to meet their specific needs.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Digital technologies and advances in computational methods have become key drivers of innovation in many medical fields. In precision psychiatry, accurate and reliable measures of mental health are critical for informing patient care and clinical research. There has been growing concern over the limitations of traditional mental health assessments that are typically grounded in nosology defined by the DSM and are based on interviewer-led assessments or patient self-report questionnaires. Whereas such gold-standard clinical assessments can be cost-prohibitive, insensitive to change, and prone to subjective biases, the use of digital technologies provides an opportunity to improve the practical feasibility as well as the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of repeated mental health assessments. The key promise of this approach is to unlock the clinical potential of digital technologies in ways that foster research of high clinical relevance and impact on clinical care. I will discuss these promises and challenges for the future use of machine learning approaches for predicting and monitoring post-traumatic stress and resilience.

None Declared

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a prevalent side effect of antipsychotic drugs (AP), and it impairs patients’ quality of life. Because of the distress caused by it, it should be borne in mind when prescribed since it is responsible for treatment nonadherence or discontinuation. SD affects about 45- 80% of males and 30-80% of females that take it. In SD, all phases of the sexual response cycle may be compromised.

This non-systematic review of the literature aims to better understand the antipsychotic-induced SD and its management to better compliance of AP-treated patients without compromising their quality of life.

A semi-structured review on PubMed linking SD as a side effect of AP drugs.

All AP drugs can cause SD. It seems related to their mechanism of activity at receptors D2, 5-HT2, α1, H1, and M, which are also involved in sexual function. They do it by diminishing arousal, decreasing libido by blocking motivation and reward system and orgasm indirectly, provoking erectile dysfunction by vasodilatation, and decreasing woman lubrification. Hyperprolactinemia is a significant cause of sexual dysfunctions. Haloperidol, Risperidone, and Amisulpride (prolactin elevating AP) are more likely to cause SD than Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, and Aripiprazole (prolactin sparing AP). Although psychotic disorders (Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders) can impact sexual functioning, according to evidence, there is no denying the role of AP in this issue. Aripiprazole, a D2 partial agonist, has been associated with lower rates of SD and seems to reduce the rates of SD in patients previously treated with other AP. Other AP with the same potential dopamine agonist activity, such as Cariprazine and Brexpiprazole, can probably have the same effect. The management of SD induced by AP drugs should include measuring serum prolactin and modifying risk factors like hypertension, smoking, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. In that regard, waiting for spontaneous remission, reducing the dose of the AP prescribed, or switching to Aripiprazole are all viable strategies, if possible. Although the evidence supporting the addition of symptomatic therapies is weak, adding dopaminergic drugs (amantadine, bromocriptine, cabergoline) or drugs with specific effects on sexual functioning (such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors or yohimbine) may be helpful in selected cases.

Although all AP drugs can cause sexual dysfunction, it is difficult to determine its true prevalence accurately. AP-induced sexual dysfunction can adversely affect compliance and is one of the factors that must be considered when selecting treatment. In summarizing, Aripiprazole has shown to be the AP with the most favorable profile concerning SD. Cariprazine and Brexpiprazole, being also D2 partial agonists, may cause less SD.

None Declared

Dual diagnosis (substance used disorders (SUD) and mental illness) represents 3% of general population. Among United States population, 42.3% of SUD patients have psychiatric troubles (without tobacco). Moreover, SUD can concern all psychoactive substances (PAS) or illicit PAS only named “dual disorder with drugs” (DDD).

A quantitative analysis of DDD data from January 2013 to July 2014 of two epidemiological tools has been performed: PMSI database (Programme Médicalisé des Systeme d’Information) hospital discharge data is made up of data providing medical information for all patients discharged in Paris public hospital system (AP–HP) and NOT'S is a vigilance database of spontaneous NOTifications of drug abuse and dependence. We propose a descriptive analysis of DDD in Paris metropolitan area.

With PMSI, 9.2% of SUD inpatients (n = 617) have DDD, with mean age of 46 years (62% of men). In comparison, NOT'S reports 36% of SUD with DDD (n = 302) with mean age of 39.5 years (68% of men). Suicide attempt is also listed and reach 23% of cases.

These two databases (Fig. 1) show the difficulty of DDD diagnosis with the discordance in results. DDD miss in PMSI database since addictovigilance database shows a first prevalence of DDD. Despite the high rates of DDD, the problem is often under diagnosed by clinicians practising. It is also important to promote the collaboration among health care workers (addictologist and psychiatrist) because these patients require intensive mental and substance abuse care.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In the UK, Black and minority ethnic (BME) patients have been reported to be disproportionately detained under the Mental Health Act.

Systematic review of all UK literature on ethnicity and detention with meta-analysis of detention rates for BME patients, to determine range of explanatory hypotheses and examine the evidence for these hypotheses

Electronic data bases searched for all date-based studies (1984-2005). Meta-analyses performed where data available. Explanations offered for any excess categorised and evidence examined.

49 studies identified, 19 included in meta-analyses. Compared with White patients, Blacks were 3.83 times, BME patients 3.35 times and Asians 2.06 times more likely to be detained. Racial stereotyping and discrimination against BME patients was the most often cited explanation (53% studies); followed by alienation and mistrust of psychiatric services (28%); higher rates of psychosis (22%); delay in help seeking (18%); and misdiagnosis/ under recognition of illness (16%). There was no primary evidence provided by any study to confirm any of these explanations, while some papers presented data that contradicted these explanations.

BME patients experience higher rates of detention under the MHA than White patients. Available explanations offered for this excess are largely unsupported. Explanations such as ‘institutional racism’ in psychiatry neither accurately account for the excess, nor help find ways of reducing detention rates.

To investigate patients double diagnosed with psychosis and substance addiction (especially cannabis) treated with risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) for their psychosis: characteristics of treatment and psychosocial reintegration.

Adults with psychosis were changed to RLAI from their previous medication. Starting doses varied but most patients received 50 mg every two weeks. Patients were regularly followed-up by their psychiatrist from 6 months to more than 2 years after starting treatment with RLAI. A reintegration program adapted to the needs of each patient was started as early as possible with support from all available healthcare services of the department. This program focussed on family, social and professional reintegration.

Of 60 psychotic patients, 27 patients (mean age 27.7±6.1 years) had a double diagnosis of psychosis and substance addiction (especially cannabis), and were enrolled in this follow-up study. After six months, 26 out of 27 patients had no relapse of substance addiction. Patients participating in the reintegration program were able to live with their family or at home (10 patients), undertake professional education courses (7 patients), or even return to their jobs (3 patients).

Treatment with RLAI has a positive effect on patients double diagnosed with psychosis and substance addiction (especially cannabis). The association with a reintegration program adapted to the needs of each patient must be started early and maintained for as long as possible in order to have a good clinical outcome, positive impact on the addiction, improve compliance with treatment, and diminish the risk of relapse.

The family members of a person with serious mental illness experience social, economic, emotional and environmental problems as a result of their caregiving responsibilies. The mental status arising from these problems is considered as the burden of the family. To be aware of what can be called as burden to the family members or the caregivers and the severity of the burden provides important clues in the treatment.

The aim of this study is to investigate the burden of the caregivers of bipolar disorder patients and the relationship of this caregiving burden with sociodemographic and psychopathological variables.

Forty chronic Bipolar patient's caregivers were participated in this study. The patients symptoms were assessed with Clinical Global Impression Scale. The aim of the study was explained in a plain language before they were asked to complete the Zarit Burden Interview.

Educational status of the caregivers (p = 0.037), the severity of the illness (p = 0.06), caregiver relationship to patient (p = 0.01), the precence of a psychiatric disorder of another individual from the family (p = 0.01) were found as important variables that increase the burden of the caregiver.

To uncover the the factors that affect the burden of the caregivers is important for predicting relapses. Bipolar disorder significantly affects not only the patients but also their family (or caregivers). At this stage the responsibility of the clinician is not only the prescription but also to educate the patients and their families as well with particular emphasis on identifying and modifying burdensome symptoms.

According to statistics released by the World Health Organization, each year nearly one million people (one person every 40 seconds.) Lose their lives to suicide. In recent decades, suicide and its consequences has created basic problems in ground of general health. (Granbam and et, al.2000) we have this phenomenon in Iran, too and generalized recognition study showed the amount of suicide prevalence in Iran society does have ascending trend especially in the youth and teenagers

Present study was purpose to compare the intolerance of uncertainty and rumination with worry in suicide committed individuals and healthy individuals in Sari.

The descriptive comparative-casual study (retrospective study) was carried out. Statistical population were consisted of all suicide committed male and female in second half of year 2014 referred to health centers in Sari and also healthy people who were matched in terms of gender, age, academic level and other features with target population.

fiding showed that there is significant difference between intolerance of uncertainty, rumination and worry among suicide committed individuals and healthy individuals.

Therefore, the degree of intolerance of uncertainty, rumination and worry among suicide committed individuals is more than healthy individuals.

Antidepressant treatment, although it is effective to improve the manifestations of major depression, may also induce or exacerbate some symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Symptoms such as decreased libido, anorgasmia, delayed ejaculation, erection difficulty or dyspareunia, affect the quality of life of the subject who suffers and the self-esteem, can lead to lack of adherence to treatment and in accordingly, the relapse of depressive symptoms. Serotonergic antidepressants are frequently associated with the onset of sexual dysfunction in sexually active patients exceeding 70%. Clinicians underestimate the actual incidence of dysfunction as the technical specifications of drugs show lower levels than 25% and spontaneous reports of patients do not exceed 20-40%.

Vortioxetina is a reuptake inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and is also an agonist of the 5-HT1A partial agonist 5-HT1B and an antagonist of 5-HT3, 5-HT1D and 5-HT7. Apparently, this molecule at doses of between 5 and 15 mg is safe and effective and does not cause sexual dysfunction. It is a well-tolerated and safe, with low incidence of sexual dysfunction.

To evaluate the action we have evaluated sexual dysfunction in patients with major depression before receiving treatment vortioxetina (whether state or not previously treated with other antidepressants) and at 2, 6 and 12 months after starting treatment with the drug. So we’ve used the SALSex scale (Scale for measuring sexual dysfunction secondary to psychotropic drugs).

The results of this study are still being analyzed.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder for patients with depression. This has a major impact on the quality of life for the individual. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will address the use of music as a non-pharmacological treatment to reduce insomnia in depression.

The aim is to investigate, whether music listening is effective to:

– improve sleep quality;

– reduce symptoms of depression;

– improve quality of life;

– limit or replace medication.

A RCT will address the use of music as a treatment modality in depression using an explanatory mixed methods design. In the first phase of the study, patient data is collected from 3D accelerometer, log files from a new app for iPad called ‘the music star’ and questionnaires (MDI, HAM, PSQI and WHO-QOL). ‘The music star’ is an app for iPad used to select music from special designed playlists developed by Danish music therapists in psychiatry. An exploratory follow-up (semi-structured interviews) aims to explain quantitative results from accelerometer and ‘the music star’ log files. Participants enrolled are registered at the clinic for unipolar and bipolar affective disorders at Aalborg University Hospital – Psychiatry. The participants test whether a sound pillow and special designed playlists is effective to reduce insomnia in depression in a 4 week period.

A feasibility study has been conducted on 11 participants showing positive results in terms of participation and sleep quality.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurobehavioural disorder with considerable costs. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is approved in the UK for ADHD treatment in children and adolescents.

To perform an economic analysis of LDX for adults with ADHD from the UK National Health Service (NHS) perspective.

To estimate cost-effectiveness of LDX compared with methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX).

A 1-year decision-analytic model was developed. Health events included response, non-response and unable to tolerate. Efficacy data were taken from a mixed-treatment comparison (MTC) analysis of all clinical trials. Response was defined as a score of 1 or 2 on the Clinical Global Impression–Improvement scale. Tolerability was assessed by discontinuation rates due to adverse events. Utility weights were identified via a systematic literature review. Healthcare resource use estimates were obtained via a survey of clinicians. Daily drug costs were based on mean doses reported in the trials used in the MTC. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

The comparison of LDX and MPH for 100 people resulted in an increased annual cost of £34 and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of 0.5, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £64 per QALY. When compared with ATX for 100 people, LDX was a dominant strategy, with lower annual costs (–£26,700) and higher QALYs (1.0). There was a 62% probability of LDX being cost-effective versus MPH-ER at a threshold of £20,000 per QALY.

From the perspective of the UK NHS, LDX provides a cost-effective treatment option for adults with ADHD.

To estimate costs associated with medication non-adherence over a 3-year follow-up period in the treatment of schizophrenia in routine clinical practice in Europe.

SOHO is a 3-year, prospective, observational study of 10972 outpatient participants across 10 European countries. Data were collected at baseline and at 6-month intervals up to 36 months. Medication adherence was assessed at each visit by participating psychiatrists during 4 weeks prior to the visit as: (1) not prescribed medication; (2) always adherent; (3) partially adherent; and (4) never adherent. In this post-hoc analysis, multivariate analyses were performed to compare the costs of resource use (inpatient stay, day care, psychiatrist visits and medication) in patients who were adherent, partially adherent, and non-adherent, using a log-link function. Adherence status was included as a time-varying variable, and other baseline patient characteristics were adjusted for. UK unit costs were applied to resource use.

Out of 5364 patients who were prescribed medication prior to baseline, 5.9% were non-adherent while 77.1% and 17.0% were adherent and partially adherent, respectively, at baseline. The average 6-month cost incurred by non-adherent patients was £2505 while that for adherent and partially adherent patients was £2029 and £2130 respectively. This difference was mainly due to inpatient costs. The inpatient costs incurred by non-adherent patients (£987) were almost double those for adherent patients (£475).

Non-adherence in schizophrenia was likely to incur more inpatient services, which may indicate poorer clinical prognosis. A study limitation is that adherence was assessed by investigators using a single-item measure.

New designer benzodiazepines such as phenazepam, etizolam, diclazepam, clonazolam and flubromazolam have appeared in the recreational drug market due to that they provide an attractive alternative to prescription-only benzodiazepines as they are readily available over the Internet.

To describe the presence of new designer benzodiazepines in samples delivered to energy control since 2010 to 2016 in Barcelona.

From 2010 to 2016, 24,551 samples were delivered to energy control. Among this samples 43 (0.175%) were analysed as benzodiazepines. They were analyzed by energy control, a Spanish harm reduction NGO that offers the possibility of analyzing the substances that users report. Analysis was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

From the 43 samples analyzed as benzodiazepines, 1 (2.32%) was delivered in 2010, none in 2011, 2 (4.65%) in 2012, 2 (4.65%) in 2013, 1 (2.32%) in 2014, 15 (34.88%) in 2015 and 21 (48.83%) in 2016.

The data shows that new designer benzodiazepines use is increasing in Barcelona, especially in the last two years. Abuse an addiction to these drugs may be a new public health problem in Barcelona. Unknown side effects may appear due to lack of information about pharmacokinetic profile of these drugs.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Sleep-wake cycle is one of human biological rhythm highly correlated to well being and general health status.Poor sleep quality, sleep disruption and changes in regular Sleep-wake pattern may cause physical and psychological burden such as impairment in job performance, decreased work efficiency and learning disability.

Health care students trained in medical, nursing and midwifery fields is a population who are at great risk to develop sleep disruption and its subsequent physical and mental morbidity.

The aim of this study was to describe how sleep quality correlated to general health status among 280 health care students.

280 health care students studying in health related fields participated in this cross section study. Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI), sleep- wake questionnaire and the general health questionnaire (GHQ) administered to gather data describing sleep quality, sleep wake disruption and the general health status.

Preliminary results showed that 61.4% of subjects defined as poor sleeper. In further co relational analysis there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and general health status (r = .6, p = . 000, n = 280). Regression analysis showed that number of nights with sleep disruption due to shift work or academic needs was a strong predictor for both poor sleep quality and general health status.

In conclusion, Sleep disruption due to shift work or other academic demands is a predictor for poor sleep and its subsequent mental health morbidity, which should be considered as a part of mental health policy for health related college students.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.