Suicidal ideation and behavior are present among Kosovar youth. The suicide rate is lower compared to the suicide rate in other countries, however the data indicate it is an increasing inclination. This study tends to asses the interaction between anxiety, depression and hopelessness with suicidal and behavior among the young people.

The sample consisted of data collected from 25September-30 November 2008 2001 to 2005. 2393 participants were high school students (grades 11–13) from 25 municipalities of Kosovo. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Suicide ideation and behavior (Q-SIB), Hamilton Anxiety Depressive scale (HADS), Brief Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and demographic survey. Data collected are analyzed with statistic program SPSS 12, and statistic parameters are used .

The analysis revealed that the anxiety, depression and hopelessness are related with suicide ideation and behavior (arithmetic mean M, standard deviation SD), p < .001, Also T-test was used.

These findings contribute to a theoretical framework, which has implications for educational and clinical intervention. The present findings will help guide further preventative research on examining sub-clinical anxiety and depression, also hopelessness.

The review the successfulness of efforts to decrease suicides in Finland in the light of scientific studies.

The rate of suicide has decreased considerably and its association with the use of alcohol has weakened. Although the use of alcohol increased in the 1990's the rate continued to decrease. Two studies have linked the decrease in rate of suicide with the sale and use of antidepressants. This trend appears to be especially pronounced among men. Additionally, evidence shows that the replacement of hospitalbased services with outpatient care has had a positive impact on suicide mortality of patients, who have received care in psychiatric hospitals. The decrease in suicide rate is associated with intensive outpatient care.

In the long run, the national suicide prevention project has been successful, although other factors, such as increase of standard of living and general wellbeing among citizens of Finland, have been likely contributors.

Assess the incidence and time-course of somnolence in placebo- and active-controlled asenapine schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder (BD) trials.

Data were from schizophrenia (4 short-term [6wk]; 3 long-term [26-52wk]) and BD (2 short-term [3wk]; one 12-wk adjunct therapy to mood stabilizers) trials. Data were pooled across asenapine doses (5or10 mg BID); active controls were risperidone 3 mg BID, olanzapine 5-20 mg QD, and haloperidol 4 mg BID.

For schizophrenia, incidence of somnolence was higher with active treatment than placebo in short-term trials; (asenapine,13.1%; placebo, 6.9%; active controls, 5–20%); and comparable for asenapine and olanzapine in long-term trials; (asenapine,18.4–18.5%; olanzapine, 19.6–21.1%); severe somnolence was infrequent (0–8%). Somnolence onset (median [days]) occurred early in short-term (asenapine, 2.0; placebo, 7.0; active controls, 2–6) and long-term (asenapine, 9.0; olanzapine, 7.5–9.0) trials; median somnolence duration (days) was relatively brief in short-term (asenapine,15.0; placebo, 4.5; active controls; 3.0–22.5) and long-term (asenapine, 22.0–25.0; olanzapine, 21.0–25.0) trials. For BD, incidence of somnolence was higher with active treatment than placebo in short-term (asenapine, 23.8%; placebo, 6.4%; olanzapine, 26.4%) and adjunctive therapy (asenapine, 24.1%; placebo, 10.2%) trials; severe somnolence was infrequent (0–3%). Somnolence onset (median [days]) occurred early in short-term (asenapine, 1.0; placebo, 2.0; olanzapine, 1.0) and adjunctive therapy (asenapine,1.5; placebo,2.0) trials; median somnolence duration (days) was brief in short-term (asenapine, 7.0; placebo, 5.0; olanzapine, 8.5) and adjunctive therapy (asenapine,12.5; placebo, 7.0) trials.

The analyses show, on average, an early onset and a limited duration of treatment-emergent somnolence with asenapine, which may be clinically useful in certain clinical situations.

Limbic encephalitis is an inflammatory disorder, commonly characterized by psychiatric features and cognitive impairment. It used to be considered a rare disease, usually paraneoplastic, with poor prognosis. Recent findings of membrane-surface directed antibodies, including anti-VGKC (Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels) antibodies, showed a substantial proportion of cases with no association with any malignancy and better prognosis.

A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the psychiatric ward in Nov/2007, with an acute onset of psychomotor retardation and agitation periods, apathy and nihilistic symptoms. She improved very slowly with lorazepam, clomipramine and quetiapine.

In Jun/2014, she was admitted again to the psychiatric ward with acute onset of intense headache, confusion, insomnia, agitation and prejudice ideas. There was a clinical deterioration with mnesic deficits, catatonic stupor, autonomic dysfunction and seizures. Complementary exams revealed: ESR>120mm; hyponatraemia; acelular CSF with slightly elevated protein; EEG with slow base activity; Brain MRI with diffuse cortical atrophy and multiples subcortical hyperintensities of frontoparietal regions on FLAIR and T2 sequences; and positive anti-VGKC antibodies. Initially there was a poor transitory improvement with high-dose steroids and intravenous immunoglobulins. After 5 months, she did plasmapheresis with relevant clinical improvement.

About 80% of anti-VGKC encephalitis patients have clinical improvement following prompt treatment. In this case, there was not as good improvement as initially expected probably because of the prolonged duration of disease prior to effective treatment. Given the good prognostic outcome with prompt initiation of immunotherapy, early recognition and diagnosis of this rare neuropsychiatric syndrome is crucial.

Although spirituality is among the important dimensions of human's existence and a lot of emphasis has been given to its role in promoting the level of health, the nursing care has been always focused on the physical dimension of the patients and little attention is being given to the spiritual needs.

the aim of this study is examining the attitude and performance of Spiritual Care among nurses working in Iran University of Medical sciences Hospitals.

This was a cross-sectional study. Data gathering was done by using Nursing Spiritual Care Perspective Scale (NSCPS) questionnaires. One hundred and sixty six nurses participated in this study.

The total mean of the nurses' attitude toward spiritual care (3.67±0.51) indicated the nurses' positive attitude toward spiritual care. The nurses' practices regarding spiritual interventions indicated that they tend to do half of the spiritual interventions.

Appropriate educational methods must be used for teaching spiritual merits and increasing the nurses’ competency in confronting with spiritual needs and offering spiritual care.

To assess the effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (GBE) on sexual function in the menopausal women.

In this triple blind randomized placebo controlled trial, 80 healthy volunteers’ 50–60 years old menopause women, whom had been admitted in three health care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), got involved during summer and autumn 2010. The instrument of this study had two parts. The first part was personal characteristics, and the second part was Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS), which was used for subjective evaluation of the sexual function before and after intervention. The participants received GBE 120–240 mg or placebo daily for 30 days (40 participants in each group)

The most domains of sexual function was significantly more improved in the GBE than in the placebo group and included sexual desire (P < 0.05), sexual pleasure (P < 0.01), orgasm (P < 0.05), importance of sex (P < 0.01) during last month and importance of sex in comparison to previous years (P < 0.007). The mean score of total sexual function in the GBE group had significant difference with placebo group (P < 0.05).

Findings of this study support positive effect of Ginkgo Biloba on menopausal women's sexual function.

In this study we sought to explore patterns of neural activity related to the self/other-agency judgment in patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FES) and healthy controls (HC).

Thirty-five FES patients and 35 age-, gender- and education-matched healthy controls.

A task-related functional connectivity analysis with the use of independent component analysis (ICA).

ICA revealed that the self/other-agency judgment was dependent upon anti-correlated default mode and central-executive networks (DMN/CEN) dynamic switching. This antagonistic mechanism was substantially impaired in FES during the task.

Time-courses of DMN/CEN activity has been analyzed by means of signal power and spectral coherence. There was statistically significant difference in the variable (anti-correlation index, AI) between FES and HC. AI correlated with self-agency judgment task performance in FES.

This finding suggests that the main site of pathology in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders may originate in higher-order regulatory mechanisms subserving DMN/CEN orchestration.

The study was supported by the IGA Ministry of Health, Czech Republic, grant NT/14291.

To explore prevalence of use of substances as cognitive enhancers by Italian medical students and their attitudes towards prescription-only medication (methylphenidate, amphetamine, atomoxetine, modafinil) used for this purpose.

An ad hoc questionnaire was distributed to 433 medical students of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Valid response rate was 83.8% (N=363).

271 students (74.7%) reported use of substances to improve cognition in the last 30 days. Coffee (73%, N=265) and tea (33.3%, N=121) were the most used, followed by caffeinated sodas (15.7%, N=57), tobacco (10.2%, N=37) and vitamin B supplements (8.8%, N=32). Prescription-only medicines were used by 2 students (0.6%) and, overall, only 4 students reported lifetime use (1.2%). 295 (83.3%) students mentioned concerns about safety and side effects as main reasons not to use. Use of cognitive enhancers as a group in the last 30 days slightly correlated with alcohol (r = 0.124; p = 0.023) and cannabis use (r = 0.114; p = 0.036).

Italian medical students use many substances as cognitive enhancers, but this seems not to apply to psychostimulants and modafinil. Cultural and regulatory differences may underlie this difference with other Countries, which warrants further research.

The study was undertaken to estimate an effectivenessof art therapy and psychoeducational programs in an integrated system of the rehabilitation ofpatients with schizophrenia.

It was conductedcomprehensive examination of 142 women with an established diagnosis ofschizophrenia in the period of stabilization.

According to the leading psychopathological syndrome allthe patients were divided into 4 clinical groups: apathy abulia syndrome, paranoid hallucinatory syndrome, depressiveparanoid, and paranoid syndrome.

Anintegrated system of the rehabilitation including the methods of art therapy and psychoeducational programconcluding various information modules, cognitive behavioral therapy techniques, training interactions, problem-oriented discussions.

The present study demonstrated the rapid reduction of psychiatricsymptoms, normalization of emotional state, stabilization of the behavior ofpatients, improvement of cognitive results, improvement of psychophysicalactivity, expanding of contacts, restoration of usual driving mode on thebackground of art therapy and psychoeducational approaches.

The criteria were used to estimate the effectiveness:stability of remission, rates of hospitalization, quality of life, level ofanxiety, improvement of the mental state.

The sensitivity and specificity of a Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-CV) for Screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were examined.

MoCA-CV and MMSE together with a battery of neuropsychological tests were administered to 1056 elders who were recruited from three regions of Beijing (i.e. new town, old town, rural areas).

Twenty-six participants were diagnosed with dementia, 118 were MCI by psychiatrists and neurologists, and 875 were considered to be cognitively normal based on independent neuropsychological tested. Using the recommended cut-off score of 26, the MoCA-CV had an excellent sensitivity of 90.4% to detect MCI from controls, while the specificity was relatively poor (32.0%). Using a lower cut-off score of 22, the MoCA-CV exhibited the optimal balanced sensitivity of 68.7% and specificity of 65.2%. Among all the seven cognitive sub-domains, delayed recall performed the best differentiation of MCI from normal controls. Item analysis showed the internal consistency was relatively low in both naming and sentence repetition tasks which related with the characteristics of Chinese language and culture. Region differences were not significant when such confounding demographic variables as age, gender and education were controlled.

The MoCA-CV is a brief and effective screening tool for detecting MCI. However, presumably due to linguistic and culture issues and the lower education level of Chinese elders, the MoCA-CV did not show better screening capability than MMSE as expected. Some items may need further adaptation to accommodate the language, culture and education characteristics of Chinese participants.

As various studies show, women after mastectomy are accompanied by many problems in the sexual sphere; it considerably lowers their quality of life. Goal of the study is to describe the relationship between the illness as well as the treatment of choice and the sexuality of Polish patients. Another goal is a comparison of the study results with results obtained in similar studies in Europe.

The target group of 300 women after mastectomy is in the process of assessment. The subjects are recruited among Polish patients diagnosed and treated at the Department of Clinical Oncology, Cracow University Hospital in Cracow, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw and its branches in Katowice and Cracow.

The following questionnaires are used: Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ – F – C), Body Image Questionnaire (KOC-BR), Sexual Interaction Inventory (SII), Quality of Life Questionnaire QLQ – BR23. Questionnaires were supplemented by questions related to socialeconomic status and oncology treatment.

The type of treatment has a major impact on patients’ health, including sexual health. During chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, changes in mood and appearance of patients are present, which has an impact on both self-image of women after mastectomy, as well as the relationship with their partners. Mastectomy patients feel less attractive, less likely to engage in sexual activities. They have ambivalent feelings about their body image and sexual attractiveness.

Survivors of suicide are generally supported by many kind of interventions focused on containing the pain and the grief of the loss at the most. The holding capacity of these approaches is essential but the experience taught us that survivors need more than just support. In many cases there is the possibility to work on the resources they have to go beyond and to resolve the dynamics that the loss had let emerge.

Aim of this paper is to present an experience of group psychotherapy with survivors of suicide.

The group was made of 6 survivors, weekly sessions, 12 in total, 1h 30m each, 2 psychotherapists with more than 5 years of clinical experience focused on suicide. The approach to the group was to understand and to resolve the dysfunctional dynamics that each of them had with the suicide and/or with the people around (family, parents, friends and so on) before and after his or her death.

The emerging and the comprehension of the dysfunctional dynamics helped the survivors to manage in a better way anguish and pain, resolving the grief and mostly to find the possibility of beginning again a life even with such a dramatic loss always present.

The approaches to help the survivors of suicide are not only supportive. The elaboration of the dynamics that the loss had enhanced can require a targeted psychotherapy as our model of group psychotherapy showed.