It is becoming well established that CBT is both effective and cost efficient in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. However, there is a need to adapt CBT to the cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic context of diverse cultural groups. We aimed to establish the feasibility of culturally adaptive cognitive behavior therapy for treatment of psychosis in a low-income country.

This is a rater-blind, randomized, controlled trial of the use of CBT in patients with psychosis from a low-income country. Patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder were assessed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), PSYRATS (Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales), and the Insight Scale. Participants were randomized into the intervention group (n = 18) and TAU group (n = 18). The intervention group received 12 weekly sessions of culturally adapted CBT for psychosis (CaCBTp).

There were no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. At three months follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in the CaCBTp group on PANSS general Psychopathology subscale, PANSS overall score and Insight scale, as compared to the TAU group. The CaCBTp group had lower scores on PANSS positive, PANSS negative sub-scales, and the two subscales of Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale, but differences were not statistically significant.

Culturally adapted CBT added to pharmacological treatment as usual was acceptable to patients and was helpful in reduction of severity of psychotic symptoms. Adjunctive culturally adapted CBT should be further investigated in this population.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The purpose of this study was to assess Korean elderly people's residential condition with or without cohabitants, spouse and children, and to analyze their depression, spirituality and life satisfaction depending on residential condition.

160 subjects were randomly selected from one of religious organizations, Suwon City, Kyounggi Do, South Korea. The participants were divided into Group 1 (the elderly living alone: n = 74, Mean Age = 72.45, SD = 6.78) and Group 2 (the elderly living with spouse and/or children: n = 86, Mean Age = 72.12, SD = 6.82). The subjects participated in the survey forms of spiritual well-being, life satisfaction, and depression. It was hypothesized that the elderly living alone (Group 1) had lower scale in the areas of spiritual well-being, life satisfaction and higher scale in depression.

The t-test on the mean of each scale for the Group 1 and Group 2 was significant: Korean elderly people, who were living alone without family support, were less satisfied (p < .001), more depressed (p < .0001) and their spiritual well-being scale was lower (p < .001). For the total participants (n = 160). there was a positive correlation between spiritual well-being and life satisfaction (rho = .56, p < .001). There was negative correlation between depression and spiritual wellbeing (rho = −.67, p < .0001); depression and life satisfaction (rho = −.78, p < .0001).

For the mental health professionals, including psychiatrists and gerontologists, it is important to understand the elderly people's residential situation, emotional support as well as to assess their life satisfaction and spiritual well-being in terms of quality of life measurement.

To explore the relationship between resilience and social support, coping style of students in middle school for providing some evidences for improving students’resilience.

Six hundred students were surveyed with the Connor-Davidson resilience questionnaire(CD-RISC), perceived social support scale(PSSS)and coping style questionnaire(CSQ).

Resilience had significant difference between male and female students.The resilience was positively correlated with social support and two factors of coping style:seeking help and solving problem, but negatively correlated with the other factors in coping style questionnaire.

Students with high score in Connor-Davidson resilience questionnaire are more tend to the positive coping style. Social support is an important factor of resilience in middle school students.

Alexithymia consider a cluster of cognitive and affective characteristics that include: inability of recognizing and describing emotions, difficulties in distinguishing feelings and physical sensations during emotional arousal, narrowed capacity for imagination and externally oriented cognitive style. Several studies links alexithymia with increased risk for physical and mental damage. Symptoms of alexithymia are documented in persons who develop PTSD in response to different types of traumatic events.

To examine alexithymia in war veterans.

To determine whether alexithymia is significantly more present in war veterans with PTSD.

Cross-sectional study of 205 war veterans tested by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and by Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).

Out of 205 war veterans 89 (43.4%) of them have alexithymia. Significantly more veterans with PTSD (78 or 75%) than without PTSD (11 or 10.9%) has alexithymia (Chi2 = 88.955, P < 0.001) was found a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the total score of alexithymia (t-test = −10.676, P < 0.001) statistically significant difference was found in all three domains of alexithymia.

Alexithymia is significantly often in war veterans with than without PTSD.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In the society we belong to, elders are the target of abuse which is many times generated by the social cultural tendency which promotes different expressions in terms of age, a tendency which also measures capacity in terms of age.

To evaluate elder physical abuse – cases reviewed at the Forensic Institute, Tirgu Mures County, Romania.

An experimental design was used, focusing on elder physical abuse cases involving victims aged 65 or older, who requested a forensic certificate. All cases were reviewed at the Forensic Institute Tg. Mures, Mures County, Romania between 1st of Jan–31st Dec 2014. Variables included: age, gender, environmental origin, physical abuse, sexual abuse, relationship with the perpetrator (relative, known person/neighbor, unknown person, husband/wife), the required number of days of hospitalization, victim previous psychiatric diagnosis, aggressor previous psychiatric diagnosis.

A total of 5252 forensic medical certificates were issued at request by the Forensic Institute of Tg Mures. One hundred and twenty (2.28%) were related to acknowledgement of the aggression of an elderly peIntroductionrson (≥65 years, with an average age of 69.89 years CI: 68.8903–70.8930). The majority of subjects were males (65%), of rural origin (64.17%). The same address as the aggressor's was identified in most of the cases (41.66%). 35.83% were hurt by neighbours/acquaintances, 22.5% were attacked by strangers.

We are aware of that an elder abuse appears to occur most often in domestic home situations, men from rural, more often than women, are involved that victims and may be perpetrated by adult family members, or other persons.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In Europe, at discharge from a psychiatric hospital, patients with severe mental illness may be exposed to one of two main care approaches: personal continuity, where one clinician is responsible for in- and outpatient care, and specialisation, where various clinicians are. Such exposure is decided through patient-clinician agreement or at the organisational level, depending on the country’s health system. Since personal continuity would be more suitable for patients with complex psychosocial needs, the aim of this study was to identify predictors of patients’ exposure to care approaches in different European countries.

Data were collected on 7302 psychiatric hospitalised patients in 2015 in Germany, Poland, and Belgium (patient-level exposure); and in the UK and Italy (organisational-level exposure). At discharge, patients were exposed to one of the care approaches according to usual practice. Putative predictors of exposure at patients’ discharge were assessed in both groups of countries.

Socially disadvantaged patients were significantly more exposed to personal continuity. In all countries, the main predictor of exposure was the admission hospital, except in Germany, where having a diagnosis of psychosis and a higher education status were predictors of exposure to personal continuity. In the UK, hospitals practising personal continuity had a more socially disadvantaged patient population.

Even in countries where exposure is decided through patient-clinician agreement, it was the admission hospital, not patient characteristics, that predicted exposure to care approaches. Nevertheless, organisational decisions in hospitals tend to expose socially disadvantaged patients to personal continuity.

Losing one's spouse is a major life event which is associated to an increased risk of mental health problems as depression and sleep-disorders. There is also an increased risk of adverse effects on physical health, and even an increased risk of mortality. A phenomena called “the widowhood effect” Though this is well-known clinically, few studies have established the extent of the problem in old age.

This study aims to examine the risk of mortality associated to widowhood in old age, and adverse health effects both regarding physical and mental health.

A nationwide register-based case control study. All Danish people aged 65 years and above who became widowed in the period of 2000–2010 are included. A background population sample of 4:1 is matched on age and gender. By using the personal identification number a linkage between registers containing information regarding health service use, pharmacologic use and demographic information is made. Mortality is analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimate and the statistical comparison between the groups is done by Cox-regression. Adverse health effects are assessed by the health care use and pharmacological use, and are compared between the two groups by t-test, linear and logistic regression depending on the variables.

The study is under conduction, results will be presented.

Widowhood in old age has been associated to an increased risk of mortality and adverse health effects. This study assesses the outcome of this in a nationwide register-based sample.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Neurofeedback in migraine aims to improve neurophysiological state, which is linked to psychosomatic, emotional and cognitive regulation. Objective and complex evaluation of neurofeedback effects is feasible.

A single case design cross-over placebo-controlled study with blinded evaluator included 3 females with frequent migraine (N., E., T.), 1 of whom (T.) also had TTH. Study had 4 phases: evaluation (≥ 2 weeks), treatment 1 (5 weeks), treatment 2 (5 weeks), evaluation (≥ 2 weeks). Treatment 1 and 2 included 10 infra-low frequency neurofeedback and 10 sham-neurofeedback sessions at T3T4 site in randomized order. Detailed psychological assessment was performed a baseline, at phase switch and in the end. Every day participants filler a computerized diary about pain, aura, mood, stress, copings. Before each session they received questionnaires “well-being, activity, mood” (rating of the current state between antonym adjectives, in Russian).

The main finding was reduction of migraine (but not TTH) frequency during real, but not sham neurofeedback phase: 11% vs. 31% days in N. (P = 0.1), 15% vs. 30% days in E. (P = 0.046), T. After the start of neurofeedback had only TTH. Another detected phenomena was reduction of day-to-day shifts in cognitive function domains of “well-being, activity, mood” (easy/difficult to think, attentive/distracted). In N. and E these domains had co-dynamic with mood (good/bad mood, happy/sad), while in T. – with anxiety (tensed/relaxed, nervous/calm).

Infra-low frequency neurofeedback from interhemispheric site resulted in decrease in migraine frequency and in reduction of shifts in psychological state. Thus, the treatment had multimodal stabilizing effect.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Beck Scale for Suicide ideation (BSS) has consistently been regarded as a strong tool for measuring cognitive and somatic aspects of suicide ideation symptomatology in both clinical and non-clinical population. There is no study until this date that examines the BSS within Kuwaiti College students.

The present study aims at identifying impact of gender (male/female) on suicide ideation.

The sample was consisted of (584) undergraduates students (284 of males and 300 females). The study applies Beck Scale for Suicide ideation (BSS) and suicide Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ).

Table 1 descriptive statistics for two standardized self-report measures means and standard deviations for these measures were within the expected ranges for college samples. The mean (BSS) score was 5.2 for males and 7.0 for females. The mean (SIQ) score was 11.3 for males and 13.7 for females.

BSS revealed significant gender differences in score indicated that females obtained higher scores than males on suicide Ideation although the magnitude of the difference was small.

Table not available.

The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

To evaluate the prevalence and associated variables of intentional self-poisoning in individuals from 8 to 17 years.

This study includes 4658 cases. Analyzed variables were gender, age, agent and time (month, week day and hour).

In total, 3759 (80.70%) were girls. The rate in 100,000 children and adolescents residents grown from 25.12 in 2005 to 35.24 to 2012. The biggest incidence was in the 15 to 17 age group (63.35%). The leading agent was medications (84.6%): 1093 (23.47%) antidepressant, 967 (20.76%) benzodiazepines, 708 (15.20%) antipyretics, 606 (13.01%) anticonvulsants, 460 (9.88%) neuroleptics and 382 (8.2%) anti-inflammatory non-steroids. The antidepressant more used was amitriptyline (7.26%), followed by fluoxetine (6.57%). Growing cases involving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been seen, as a fall of self-poisoning tricyclic antidepressants cases. The majority of cases was in October (10.1%), on Tuesday (15.1%), and at 18:00 to 21:00 (29.46%).

The elevated rate of self-poisoning in children and adolescents in southern Brazil, growing each year, shows the relevance of this subject. It is important to considerate how easily these children and adolescents have access to psychotropics.