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26946 results in Economic history

Page 38 of 1348

  • Fertilizer for Victory: The Chilean–US Nitrate Trade in the Second World War

  • Richard Sicotte
  • Journal:
    Business History Review / Volume 98 / Issue 3 / Autumn 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 January 2025, pp. 685-725
    Print publication:
    Autumn 2024

  • International trade in strategic materials was critical to Allied victory in the Second World War, yet little is known about how that trade functioned in practice. This paper studies wartime imports of Chilean nitrate, which enabled the United States to increase food production without sacrificing munitions output. The US imported nitrate and other resources through a public purchase program that depended on the coordination and cooperation of a vast bureaucracy. Government agencies weighed the benefits and costs of Chilean nitrate differently and intervened at key junctures. For their part, Chilean corporate and diplomatic staff worked meeting rooms in Washington, negotiating the purchase contracts and managing day-to-day business with the US government. Chilean actors meanwhile pursued their own interests while contributing to the Allied victory. The business history of the US–Chilean nitrate trade demonstrates how Chile, sometimes mischaracterized as a disinterested neutral on the fringes of the conflict, played an important role during the Second World War.

  • RHE series 2 volume 42 issue 2 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History / Volume 42 / Issue 2 / September 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 October 2024, pp. b1-b2
    Print publication:
    September 2024
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  • 3 - Energy in the Cold War

  • Jeronim Perović, Universität Zürich
  • Book:
    Fuel and Power
    Published online:
    13 June 2024
    Print publication:
    27 June 2024, pp 71-111

  • Summary

    This chapter shows how Soviet policymakers thought about foreign trade and the role of natural resources in the early Cold War, focusing on the Khrushchev period and the conflicting views on the use of energy.

  • 4 - Path to Dependence

  • Jeronim Perović, Universität Zürich
  • Book:
    Fuel and Power
    Published online:
    13 June 2024
    Print publication:
    27 June 2024, pp 112-161

  • Summary

    This chapter examines the emergence of an ever closer energy relationship between Western Europe and the Soviet Union in the late Soviet period, leading to the construction of the first major natural gas export pipeline from Siberia to Europe.

  • 6 - Energy, Geopolitics, and War

  • Jeronim Perović, Universität Zürich
  • Book:
    Fuel and Power
    Published online:
    13 June 2024
    Print publication:
    27 June 2024, pp 203-210

  • Summary

    This chapter focuses on recent developments since the 2009 Russian-Ukrainian gas crisis, including the controversies surrounding the Nord Stream 2 pipeline and the consequences for Russian-European energy relations following Russia’s war against Ukraine.

  • Introduction

  • Jeronim Perović, Universität Zürich
  • Book:
    Fuel and Power
    Published online:
    13 June 2024
    Print publication:
    27 June 2024, pp 1-9
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  • Summary

    Introduction to the topic, explanation of the objectives and discussion of the state of research.

  • Conclusion

  • Jeronim Perović, Universität Zürich
  • Book:
    Fuel and Power
    Published online:
    13 June 2024
    Print publication:
    27 June 2024, pp 211-214

  • Summary

    The concluding chapter provides a summary and offers fundamental considerations on the problem of Russia’s dependence on fossil fuels.

Page 38 of 1348