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26946 results in Economic history

Page 190 of 1348

  • Africanization in British Multinationals in Ghana and Nigeria, 1945–1970

  • Stephanie Decker
  • Journal:
    Business History Review / Volume 92 / Issue 4 / Winter 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 February 2019, pp. 691-718
    Print publication:
    Winter 2018

  • Multinationals experienced significant legitimacy challenges in less-developed countries between 1945 and 1970. Corporate responses to these challenges cover three distinct periods. Unsuccessful postwar attempts focusing on colonial welfare concerns were followed by pragmatic endeavors intended to repair corporate reputations by Africanizing senior management. By the 1960s, this had become a common approach to legitimization. The challenges of Africanizing ethnocentric multinationals led to organizational changes: internationally diversified multinationals were better able to decentralize subsidiary management, while the late 1960s saw regionally focused multinationals absorbed by more diversified multinationals. Organizational survival was directly linked to legitimacy advantages derived from Africanization.

  • Creating Market Failure: Business-Government Relations in the British Paper-Pulp Industry, 1950–1980

  • Niall G. MacKenzie
  • Journal:
    Business History Review / Volume 92 / Issue 4 / Winter 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 February 2019, pp. 719-741
    Print publication:
    Winter 2018

  • This article examines the nuances and complexities of business-government relations in the British paper-pulp industry between 1950 and 1980 through the prism of interactions between Wiggins, Teape & Co., a paper company, and various U.K. government departments in the postwar period. It highlights the complexity of business-government and interdepartmental relations and tensions, set against the global and domestic paper industry competition and the United Kingdom's international economic position. Long-standing industry underinvestment and interdepartmental tensions in government are identified as principal contributors to the failing competitiveness of the industry and of British businesses more generally in the twentieth century.

  • INTERREGIONAL FLOWS OF CAPITAL AND INFORMATION IN SPAIN: A CASE STUDY OF THE THERESIAN CARMELITE ORDER

  • Cyril Milhaud
  • Journal:
    Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History / Volume 37 / Issue 1 / March 2019
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 November 2018, pp. 81-110
    Print publication:
    March 2019

  • Recently, new research has challenged the traditional narrative; Spain did not suffer from a ruler that threatened his subjects’ property with excessive taxes and forced loans. Instead, Spanish economic development was held back by decentralised and non-predatory governance, unable to solve the coordination problems blocking the way to more integrated markets. Through the analysis of the governance and loan portfolios of an ecclesiastical order, this paper examines the extent to which mortgage credit markets were fragmented in early modern Spain. This order not only collected resources that it subsequently lent but also pooled them. Indeed, it developed into a nationally integrated organisation able to offer everything from small loans to farmers to substantial amounts to the king and the Madrid elite.

Page 190 of 1348