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2868 results in Solid mechanics and materials

Page 66 of 144

Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies
  • A Systematic Approach
  • Anil Rao
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    14 November 2005
  • This 2006 book is intended for undergraduate courses in dynamics. The work is a unique blend of conceptual, theoretical, and practical aspects of dynamics generally not found in dynamics books at the undergraduate level. In particular, in this book the concepts are developed in a highly rigorous manner and are applied to examples using a step-by-step approach that is completely consistent with the theory. In addition, for clarity, the notation used to develop the theory is identical to that used to solve example problems. The result of this approach is that a student is able to see clearly the connection between the theory and the application of theory to example problems. While the material is not new, instructors and their students will appreciate the highly pedagogical approach that aids in the mastery and retention of concepts. The approach used in this book teaches a student to develop a systematic approach to problem-solving.

Vibration of Mechanical Systems
  • Alok Sinha
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    18 October 2010
  • This is a textbook for a first course in mechanical vibrations. There are many books in this area that try to include everything, thus they have become exhaustive compendiums, overwhelming for the undergraduate. In this book, all the basic concepts in mechanical vibrations are clearly identified and presented in a concise and simple manner with illustrative and practical examples. Vibration concepts include a review of selected topics in mechanics; a description of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems in terms of equivalent mass, equivalent stiffness, and equivalent damping; a unified treatment of various forced response problems (base excitation and rotating balance); an introduction to systems thinking, highlighting the fact that SDOF analysis is a building block for multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) and continuous system analyses via modal analysis; and a simple introduction to finite element analysis to connect continuous system and MDOF analyses. There are more than sixty exercise problems, and a complete solutions manual. The use of MATLAB® software is emphasized.

Elements of Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics
  • Joanne L. Wegner, James B. Haddow
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    13 April 2009
  • This text is intended to provide a modern and integrated treatment of the foundations and applications of continuum mechanics. There is a significant increase in interest in continuum mechanics because of its relevance to microscale phenomena. In addition to being tailored for advanced undergraduate students and including numerous examples and exercises, this text also features a chapter on continuum thermodynamics, including entropy production in Newtonian viscous fluid flow and thermoelasticity. Computer solutions and examples are emphasized through the use of the symbolic mathematical computing program Mathematica®.

Modeling in Materials Processing
  • Jonathan A. Dantzig, Charles L. Tucker
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    12 November 2001
  • Mathematical modeling and computer simulation are useful tools for improving materials processing. While courses in materials processing have covered modeling, they have traditionally been devoted to one particular class of materials, that is, polymers, metals, or ceramics. This text offers a different approach, presenting an integrated treatment of metallic and non-metallic materials. The authors show that a common base of knowledge - specifically, the fundamentals of heat transfer and fluid mechanics - provides a unifying theme for these seemingly disparate areas. Emphasis is placed on understanding basic physical phenomena and knowing how to include them in a model. The book also treats selected numerical methods, showing the relationship between the physical system, analytical solution, and the numerical scheme. A wealth of practical, realistic examples are provided, as well as homework exercises. Students, and practising engineers who must deal with a wide variety of materials and processing problems, will benefit from the unified treatment presented in this book.

An Introduction to Mechanics
  • Daniel Kleppner, Robert J. Kolenkow
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    06 May 2010
  • In the years since it was first published, this classic introductory textbook has established itself as one of the best-known and most highly regarded descriptions of Newtonian mechanics. Intended for undergraduate students with foundation skills in mathematics and a deep interest in physics, it systematically lays out the principles of mechanics: vectors, Newton's laws, momentum, energy, rotational motion, angular momentum and noninertial systems, and includes chapters on central force motion, the harmonic oscillator, and relativity. Numerous worked examples demonstrate how the principles can be applied to a wide range of physical situations, and more than 600 figures illustrate methods for approaching physical problems. The book also contains over 200 challenging problems to help the student develop a strong understanding of the subject. Password-protected solutions are available for instructors at www.cambridge.org/9780521198219.

Mechanical Behavior of Materials
  • 2nd edition
  • Marc André Meyers, Krishan Kumar Chawla
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    06 November 2008
  • A balanced mechanics-materials approach and coverage of the latest developments in biomaterials and electronic materials, the new edition of this popular text is the most thorough and modern book available for upper-level undergraduate courses on the mechanical behavior of materials. To ensure that the student gains a thorough understanding the authors present the fundamental mechanisms that operate at micro- and nano-meter level across a wide-range of materials, in a way that is mathematically simple and requires no extensive knowledge of materials. This integrated approach provides a conceptual presentation that shows how the microstructure of a material controls its mechanical behavior, and this is reinforced through extensive use of micrographs and illustrations. New worked examples and exercises help the student test their understanding. Further resources for this title, including lecture slides of select illustrations and solutions for exercises, are available online at www.cambridge.org/97800521866758.

Introduction to Finite Element Vibration Analysis
  • 2nd edition
  • Maurice Petyt
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    23 August 2010
  • This is an introduction to the mathematical basis of finite element analysis as applied to vibrating systems. Finite element analysis is a technique that is very important in modeling the response of structures to dynamic loads. Although this book assumes no previous knowledge of finite element methods, those who do have knowledge will still find the book to be useful. It can be utilised by aeronautical, civil, mechanical, and structural engineers as well as naval architects. This second edition includes information on the many developments that have taken place over the last twenty years. Existing chapters have been expanded where necessary, and three new chapters have been included that discuss the vibration of shells and multi-layered elements and provide an introduction to the hierarchical finite element method.

Solid Mechanics
  • William F. Hosford
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    22 March 2010
  • This book provides a background in the mechanics of solids for students of mechanical engineering, while limiting the information on why materials behave as they do. It is assumed that the students have already had courses covering materials science and basic statics. Much of the material is drawn from another book by the author, Mechanical Behavior of Materials. To make the text suitable for mechanical engineers, the chapters on slip, dislocations, twinning, residual stresses, and hardening mechanisms have been eliminated and the treatment of ductility, viscoelasticity, creep, ceramics, and polymers has been simplified.

Guided Explorations of the Mechanics of Solids and Structures
  • James F. Doyle
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    21 September 2009
  • This book tackles the question: how can an engineer with a powerful finite element program but modest background knowledge of mechanics solve unfamiliar problems?Engineering educators will find this book to be a new and exciting approach to helping students engage with complex ideas. Practising engineers who use finite element methods to solve problems in solids and structures will extend the range of problems they can solve as well as accelerate their learning on new problems.This book's special strengths include:A thoroughly modern approach to learning and understanding mechanics problemsComprehensive coverage of a large collection of problems ranging from static to dynamic and from linear to nonlinear, applied to a variety of structures and componentsAccompanying software that is sophisticated and versatile and is available for free from the book's websiteAbility to complement any standard finite element textbook.

Principles of Continuum Mechanics
  • A Study of Conservation Principles with Applications
  • J. N. Reddy
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    28 June 2010
  • As most modern technologies are no longer discipline-specific but involve multidisciplinary approaches, undergraduate engineering students should be introduced to the principles of mechanics so that they have a strong background in the basic principles common to all disciplines and are able to work at the interface of science and engineering disciplines. This textbook is designed for a first course on principles of mechanics and provides an introduction to the basic concepts of stress and strain and conservation principles. It prepares engineer-scientists for advanced courses in traditional as well as emerging fields such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, energy systems, and computational mechanics. This simple book presents the subjects of mechanics of materials, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer in a unified form using the conservation principles of mechanics.

Advanced Engineering Dynamics
  • 2nd edition
  • Jerry H. Ginsberg
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    25 August 1995
  • This text offers a clear and refreshing exposition of the dynamics of mechanical systems from an engineering perspective. Basic concepts are thoroughly covered, then applied in a systematic manner to solve problems in mechanical systems that have recognisable applications to engineering practice. All theoretical discussions are accompanied by numerous illustrative examples, and each chapter offers a wealth of homework problems. The treatment of the kinematics of particles and rigid bodies is extensive. In this new edition, the author has revised and reorganized sections to enhance understanding of physical principles, and he has modified and added examples, as well as homework problems. The new edition also contains a thorough development of computational methods for solving the differential equations of motion for constrained systems.

Iron and Steel
  • William F. Hosford
  • Published online:
    05 May 2012
    Print publication:
    23 April 2012
  • This book is intended both as a resource for engineers and as an introduction to the layman about our most important metal system. After an introduction that deals with the history and refining of iron and steel, the rest of the book examines their physical properties and metallurgy. To elaborate on the importance of iron and steel, we can refer to the fact that modern civilization as we know it would not be possible without it. Steel is essential in the machinery necessary for manufacturing that meets our needs. Even the words themselves have come to suggest strength. Phrases such as 'iron willed', 'iron fisted', 'iron clad', 'iron curtain' and 'pumping iron' imply strength. A 'steely glance' is a stern look. 'A heart of steel' refers to a very hard demeanor. The Russian dictator, Stalin (which means steel in Russian), chose the name to invoke fear in those under him.

Introduction to Elasticity Theory for Crystal Defects
  • R. W. Balluffi
  • Published online:
    05 May 2012
    Print publication:
    12 April 2012
  • Self-sufficient and user-friendly, this book provides a complete introduction to the anisotropic elasticity theory necessary to model a wide range of crystal defects. Assuming little prior knowledge of the subject, the reader is first walked through the required basic mathematical techniques and methods. This is followed by treatments of point, line, planar and volume type defects such as vacancies, dislocations, grain boundaries, inhomogeneities and inclusions. Included are analyses of their elastic fields, interactions with imposed stresses and image stresses, and interactions with other defects, all employing the basic methods introduced earlier. This step by step approach, aided by numerous exercises with solutions provided, strengthens the reader's understanding of the principles involved, extending it well beyond the immediate scope of the book. As the first comprehensive review of anisotropic elasticity theory for crystal defects, this text is ideal for both graduate students and professional researchers.

  • 15 - Low-Carbon Sheet Steel

  • William F. Hosford, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book:
    Iron and Steel
    Published online:
    05 May 2012
    Print publication:
    23 April 2012, pp 167-178

  • Summary

    Sheet Steels

    Low-carbon sheet steel may be finished by hot rolling or cold rolling. Hot-rolled steel has a rougher surface finish that limits its use to applications in which surface appearance is not important (e.g., auto underbodies and firewalls). Cold-rolled steels are almost always recrystallized before sale to fabricators. They are therefore softer than hot-rolled steels and have a much better surface finish.

    Usually aluminum is added to molten low-carbon steel as it is poured. Without the addition of aluminum, dissolved oxygen would react with dissolved carbon to from CO. This reaction is violent, the CO bubbles causing steel droplets to fly into the air where they ignite. This process is called killing the steel and the steel called killing. AKDQ (aluminum-killed, drawing quality) is the designation for most of the steel sheet used in forming operations. The amount of oxygen that can dissolve in molten steel decreases with increasing carbon contents, as shown in Figure 15.1. Therefore, killing is not required for higher carbon contents. Today almost all low-carbon steel is continuously cast. AKDQ sheets usually contain 0.03% C or less.

  • 22 - Magnetic Behavior of Iron

  • William F. Hosford, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book:
    Iron and Steel
    Published online:
    05 May 2012
    Print publication:
    23 April 2012, pp 256-275

  • Summary

    General

    Throughout history, magnetism has seemed a mysterious phenomenon. The discovery of lodestone (Fe3O4) led to many myths (Figure 22.1). Probably the first real use of the magnetic phenomenon should be attributed to the Vikings. Their development of the magnetic compass enabled them to travel far at sea even in foggy conditions. The term magnetic behavior usually means ferromagnetic behavior. There are actually two other types of magnetic behavior: diamagnetic behavior, which is a weak repulsion of a magnetic field, and paramagnetism, which is a weak attraction of a magnetic field.

    Ferromagnetism, in contrast, is a strong attraction of a magnetic field. There are only a few ferromagnetic elements. The important ones are iron, nickel, and cobalt. A few rare earths are ferromagnetic at low temperatures. Table 22.1 lists all of the ferromagnetic elements and the temperature above which they cease to be ferromagnetic (Curie temperature).

  • 1 - General Introduction

  • William F. Hosford, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book:
    Iron and Steel
    Published online:
    05 May 2012
    Print publication:
    23 April 2012, pp 1-3

  • Summary

    Nomenclature

    The terms iron and steel are often confusing to the general public. Iron is an element (26 on the periodic table). The word iron comes from the Scandinavian word iarn. The chemical symbol Fe comes from the Latin word for iron, ferrum. The French word for iron is fer, the German word, Eisen. The Dutch word is ijzeret, and the Spanish is hierro.

    The word steel is used to describe almost all alloys of iron. It is often said that steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. However, many steels contain almost no carbon. Carbon contents of some steels are as low as 0.002% by weight. The most widely used steels are low-carbon steels that have less than 0.06% carbon. Low-carbon steels are used for automobile bodies, appliances, cans, and cabinets. Higher carbon contents are used in steel with higher strengths. Tools are made from steels containing up to about 1.2% carbon.

    The Sanskrit word for steel is stakati. The German word is Stahl; the Russian, stalin; the French, acier; the Spanish acero and the Dutch, staal. Chalybs is the Latin word for steel.

Page 66 of 144