X-ray diffraction in the Bragg-Brentano configuration (“XRD”) is a very established method. However, experimental evidence concerning its significant information depth, i.e. microstructure components from which maximum depth can affect the information evaluated from the acquired diffraction pattern, are scarce in the scientific literature. This depth is relevant to all XRD measurements performed on compact samples, especially layered composites and samples showing a crystallographic texture evolution. This article provides experimentally determined upper and lower limits to the significant information depth: XRD patterns acquired from a compact crystal layer through a layer of compact, amorphous glass indicate that the significant information depth of XRD using Cu Kα1 and Kα2 radiation is very likely larger than 48 μm, but smaller than 118 μm, in a material of the composition Mg2Al4Si5O18 with a density of ca. ~2.6 g/cm3. The depth of 48 μm correlates to the depth larger than the layer of material from which 90% of the reflected X-rays originate at 2Θ = 25.8°.

The dichloro-dioxide-(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)-molybdenum (VI) complex was prepared from molybdenum(VI)-dichloride-dioxide and 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl in CH2Cl2 obtaining a clear green solution. The molybdenum complex was precipitated using ethyl ether, separated by filtration and the light green solid washed with ethyl ether. The XRPD pattern for the new compound showed that the crystalline compound belongs to the monoclinic space group P21/n (No.14) with refined unit-cell parameters a = 12.0225(8) Å, b = 10.3812(9) Å, c = 11.7823(9) Å, β = 103.180(9)°, unit-cell volume V = 1431.79 Å3, and Z = 4.

The temperature of maximum pyrolysis yield (known as Tmax) can be used to determine the level of thermal alteration in sedimentary organic matter; higher Tmax values represent higher thermal alteration. Tmax is commonly measured on petroleum source rocks or similar sediments with high organic carbon contents. It would be desirable to measure the Tmax of volcanic sediments because they can have complex patterns of thermal alteration. However, volcanic sediments often have low total organic carbon contents and consequently are susceptible to analytical interferences. Despite this, it can be shown that meaningful Tmax measurements can still be made in sediment with organic carbon contents as low as 0.2% and that interference caused by bitumen or ionizable salts can be mitigated by solvent extraction and rinsing with water. Thus, it is reasonable to use temperature programmed pyrolysis to assess levels of thermal alteration in even low total organic carbon volcanoclastic sediments.

Barriers to suicide cluster detection and monitoring include requiring advanced software and statistical knowledge. We tested face validity of a simple method using readily accessible household software, Excel 3D Maps, to identify suicide clusters in this county, years 2014–2019. For spatial and temporal clusters, respectively, we defined meaningful thresholds of suicide density as 1.39/km2 and 33.9/yearly quarter, defined as the 95th percentile of normal logarithmic and normal scale distributions of suicide density per area in each ZIP Code Tabulated Area and 24 yearly quarters from all years. We generated heat maps showing suicide densities per 2.5 km viewing diameter. We generated a one-dimensional temporal map of 3-month meaningful cluster(s). We identified 21 total population spatial clusters and one temporal cluster. For greater accessibility, we propose an alternative method to traditional scan statistics using Excel 3D Maps potentially broadly advantageous in detecting, monitoring, and intervening at suicide clusters.

The crystal structure of oxfendazole has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data, and optimized using density functional theory techniques. Oxfendazole crystallizes in space group P21/c (#14) with a = 18.87326(26), b = 10.40333(5), c = 7.25089(5) Å, β = 91.4688(10)° V = 1423.206(10) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure consists of stacks of the planar portions of the L-shaped molecules, resulting in layers parallel to the bc-plane. Only weak hydrogen bonds are present. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™ (PDF®).

The crystal structure of besifloxacin hydrochloride has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data, and optimized using density functional theory techniques. Besifloxacin hydrochloride crystallizes in space group P1 (#1) with a = 5.36596(8), b = 10.3234(4), c = 17.9673(14) Å, α = 98.122(5), β = 92.9395(9), γ = 96.1135(3)°, V = 977.483(13) Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure is approximately centrosymmetric. Strong N–H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds form a corrugated ladder-like chain along the a-axis. The carboxylic acid group in each independent cation acts as the donor in a strong intramolecular O–H⋯O hydrogen bond to an adjacent carbonyl group. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™ (PDF®).

The COVID‑19 pandemic has increased the popularity of online shopping, and companies are looking for ways to provide consumers with experiences that online shopping cannot provide, such as touching products and imagining them in use. In this context, the importance of haptic imagery of products showcased online is increasing. This study replicated and extended Peck et al.’s (2013, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23, 189–196) finding that physical control and psychological ownership mediate the influence of haptic imagery on purchase intention. This study showed that imagining touching a product increased purchase intention through the mediation of physical control and psychological ownership compared with not imagining, conceptually replicating Peck et al.’s study. This study also examined the moderating effect of product involvement and showed that there was no moderator role of product involvement. The findings would have a practical application in marketing, such as encouraging consumers to imagine touching the product.

A new ternary compound Al0.931Ni1.069Sc5 has been synthesized and studied by means of the X-ray powder diffraction technique. Al0.931Ni1.069Sc5 crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system with the Al5Co2 structure type, space group P63/mmc, with a = 8.8287(3) Å, c = 8.6959(4) Å, Z = 4 and V = 587.00 Å3, ρcalc = 3.538 g/cm3.

X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters, and space group for ruxolitinib are reported [a = 8.7211(5) Å, b = 19.6157(15) Å, c = 18.9645(10) Å, β = 90.903(6)°, unit-cell volume V = 3243.85 Å3, Z = 8, and space group P21]. All measured lines were indexed and are consistent with the corresponding space group. No detectable impurities were observed. The single-crystal data of ruxolitinib are also reported [space group P21, a = 8.7110(2) Å, b = 19.5857(4) Å, c = 18.9372(4) Å, β = 90.8570(10)°, unit-cell volume V = 3230.53(10) Å3, Z = 8]. The experimental powder diffraction pattern has been well matched with the simulated pattern derived from the single-crystal data.