Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a neurological emergency characterized by thrombosis of the cavernous sinus resulting in pain and multiple cranial neuropathies. There is minimal epidemiological data on CST; however those with facial infections such as sinusitis, dental or periorbital infections, or recent facial or dental procedures are at the highest risk. The most common cause of septic thrombosis is a Staphylococcus aureus infection of the middle face. Non-septic causes of CST include thrombophilic disorders such as factor V Leiden and other heritable thrombophilias, as well as acquired disorders such as antiphospholipid syndrome.