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Chapter 9 - Predictors of Positive Surgical Sperm Retrieval in Azoospermic Males

Evaluation of Clinical, Laboratory, and Histopathologic Factors

from Part II - Sperm Retrieval

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 April 2021

By
Kareim Khalafalla ,
Ahmed H. Almalki ,
Ahmad Majzoub  and
Sandro C. Esteves
Edited by
Ashok Agarwal ,
Ahmad Majzoub  and
Sandro C. Esteves
Ashok Agarwal
Affiliation:
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
Ahmad Majzoub
Affiliation:
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Sandro C. Esteves
Affiliation:
Andrology & Human Reproduction Clinic, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Summary

Extensive research has been conducted in search of factors that can predict the likelihood of successful testicular sperm retrieval in nonobstructive azoospermia patients. Clinical factors such as patient age, testicular volume, presence of varicocele, cryptorchidism, and Klinefelter syndrome; laboratory factors such as serum FSH level, inhibin B level, and presence of genetic disturbances; and the histopathologic pattern of testicular tissue have all been investigated in the literature. Of all the above-mentioned factors, the histopathologic pattern appears to be most influential in predicting surgical sperm retrieval outcome.

Keywords

nonobstructive azoospermiahistopathologyoutcome prediction
Type
Chapter
Information
Manual of Sperm Retrieval and Preparation in Human Assisted Reproduction , pp. 75 - 85
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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