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Chapter 2 - From “Superman” to Cannibal

Joel Augustus Rogers and the “100% American” New Negro

from Battling the Hydra of Profitable Hate in White Newspapers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2025

Martha H. Patterson
Affiliation:
McKendree University
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Summary

Chapter 2 examines Joel Augustus Rogers’ semi-autobiographical debate novel From “Superman” to Man (1917), which features an erudite Pullman porter methodically debunking the anti-Black racist arguments of a Southern senator traveling on his route. Signifying on the pseudoscientific foundations of Jim Crow bigotry, the New Negro porter turns what Eric Lott calls the “black mirror” back on the senator to reveal, ultimately, the utter abjection of white supremacy. Having already “proved” the Negro’s humanity through his erudition, the porter’s explicit reading of a gruesome lynching becomes a catalyst for the senator’s “liminal crucible” moment, a moral transformation great enough that he offers the porter a job in his film studio now devoted to producing some films that “create a better understanding of the Negro.” By examining the revisions Rogers made to his 1917 novel in his 1923 serialization, I reveal Rogers’ increasing anger over the growing brutality and frequency of white mob violence as well as the race-baiting newspapers that fomented it.

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The Harlem Renaissance Weekly
Reading the New Negro Movement in 1920s Black Newspapers
, pp. 73 - 98
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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