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Chapter 11 - Beliefs About Penis Size Scale (BAPS)

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By
David Veale
Edited by
Virginia Ramseyer Winter ,
Tracy L. Tylka  and
Antoinette M. Landor
Virginia Ramseyer Winter
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
Tracy L. Tylka
Affiliation:
Ohio State University
Antoinette M. Landor
Affiliation:
University of Missouri
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Summary

The 10-item Beliefs About Penis Size Scale (BAPS; Veale et al., 2014) measures boys’ and men’s beliefs about masculinity and shame related to their penis size. Penis size is a primary appearance concern of men, and these concerns may result in penile dysmorphic disorder, which is a form of body dysmorphic disorder specifically focused on being preoccupied with and distressed by one’s penis size. The BAPS can be administered online or in-person to adolescents and adults and is free to use. This chapter discusses the development of the BAPS and provides evidence of its psychometrics. Findings suggest that the BAPS is a unidimensional measure. Internal consistency reliability as well as convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity support the use of the BAPS with boys and men. This chapter provides the BAPS items in their entirety, instructions for administering the BAPS to participants, item response scale, and scoring procedure. Logistics of use, such as permissions, copyright, and contact information, are provided for readers.

Keywords

Beliefs About Penis Size ScaleBAPSitemspenis sizepenis size shamepenile dysmorphic disorderbody dysmorphic disordergenitalianegative body imageappearanceboysmenbody attitudesscale developmentpsychometric evidencefactor structurereliabilityvalidityadministrationscoring

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Type
Chapter
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Handbook of Body Image-Related Measures , pp. 33 - 34
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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References

Veale, D., Eshkevari, E., Read, J., Miles, S., Troglia, A., Phillips, R., Carmona, L., Fiorito, C., Wylie, K., & Muir, G. (2014). Beliefs about penis size: Validation of a scale for men ashamed about their penis size. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11, 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghanem, H., Shamloul, R., Khodeir, F., ElShafie, H., Kaddah, A., & Ismail, I. (2007). Structured management and counseling for patients with a complaint of a small penis. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 4, 1322–1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00463.x.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tiggemann, M., Martins, Y., & Churchett, L. (2008). Beyond muscles: Unexplored parts of men’s body image. Journal of Health Psychology, 13, 1163–1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105308095971Tignol.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Veale, D., Miles, S., Read, J., Troglia, A., Carmona, L., Fiorito, C., … & Muir, G. (2015a). Penile dysmorphic disorder: Development of a screening scale. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44, 2311–2321. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0484-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Veale, D., Miles, S., Read, J., Troglia, A., Carmona, L., Fiorito, C., et al. (2015b). Phenomenology of men with body dysmorphic disorder concerning penis size compared to men anxious about their penis size and to men without concerns: A cohort study. Body Image, 13, 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.008.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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