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9 - CNT and proteins for bioelectronics in personalized medicine

from Part II - Biosensors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2015

By
Andrea Cavallini ,
Cristina Boero ,
Giovanni De Micheli  and
Sandro Carrara
Edited by
Sandro Carrara  and
Krzysztof Iniewski
Andrea Cavallini
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Cristina Boero
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Giovanni De Micheli
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Sandro Carrara
Affiliation:
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
Sandro Carrara
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Krzysztof Iniewski
Affiliation:
Redlen Technologies Inc., Canada
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Summary

From their discovery, CNTs have increasingly attracted interest because oftheir peculiar electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties. In 1991,Sumio Iijima first observed and described in detail the atomic arrangementof this new type of carbon structure [1]. By a technique used for fullerenesynthesis, he produced needle-like tubes at the cathode of an arc-dischargeevaporator. From that time, carbon nanotubes have been used for manyapplications and represent one of the most typical building blocks used innanotechnology. Their peculiarities include unique properties of fieldemission and electronic transport, higher mechanical strength with respectto other materials, and interesting chemical features.

The use of CNTs has recently gained momentum in the development ofelectrochemical biosensors, since their utilization can create devices withenhanced sensitivity and detection limit capable of detecting compounds inconcentrations comparable to those present in the human body.

This chapter will review the most important features of carbon nanotubes, andpresent an example in which their application can enhance the detection ofdrugs and metabolites relevant in personalized medicine: P450 biosensors fortherapeutic drug monitoring.

Overview

Carbon is a very interesting element, since it can assume several stablemolecular structures. Any molecule entirely composed of carbon is called afullerene.

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Handbook of Bioelectronics
Directly Interfacing Electronics and Biological Systems
 , pp. 109 - 121
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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