Book contents
- Global Perspectives on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Educational and Psychological Testing in a Global Context
- Global Perspectives on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Series Editor Foreword
- Chapter 1 An Introduction to and Summary of Global Perspectives from Twenty-Three Countries on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Chapter 2 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Australia
- Chapter 3 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Belgium
- Chapter 4 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Canada
- Chapter 5 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in China
- Chapter 6 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in France
- Chapter 7 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Germany
- Chapter 8 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Ghana
- Chapter 9 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Greece
- Chapter 10 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in India
- Chapter 11 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Italy
- Chapter 12 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Japan
- Chapter 13 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Mexico
- Chapter 14 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the Netherlands
- Chapter 15 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Nigeria
- Chapter 16 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Poland
- Chapter 17 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Romania
- Chapter 18 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in South Africa
- Chapter 19 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in South Korea
- Chapter 20 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Spain
- Chapter 21 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Sweden
- Chapter 22 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Türkiye
- Chapter 23 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the United Kingdom
- Chapter 24 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the United States
- Index
- References
Chapter 4 - Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Canada
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 November 2025
Book contents
- Global Perspectives on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Educational and Psychological Testing in a Global Context
- Global Perspectives on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Series Editor Foreword
- Chapter 1 An Introduction to and Summary of Global Perspectives from Twenty-Three Countries on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing
- Chapter 2 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Australia
- Chapter 3 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Belgium
- Chapter 4 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Canada
- Chapter 5 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in China
- Chapter 6 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in France
- Chapter 7 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Germany
- Chapter 8 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Ghana
- Chapter 9 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Greece
- Chapter 10 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in India
- Chapter 11 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Italy
- Chapter 12 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Japan
- Chapter 13 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Mexico
- Chapter 14 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the Netherlands
- Chapter 15 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Nigeria
- Chapter 16 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Poland
- Chapter 17 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Romania
- Chapter 18 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in South Africa
- Chapter 19 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in South Korea
- Chapter 20 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Spain
- Chapter 21 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Sweden
- Chapter 22 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Türkiye
- Chapter 23 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the United Kingdom
- Chapter 24 Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in the United States
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter explores the historical, legal, and regulatory landscape of employment testing bias and fairness in Canada. Canada’s history of colonization and immigration has resulted in a multicultural society. In 1984, the landmark Abella Report, and the subsequent Employment Equity Act, established key protections for historically disadvantaged groups, shaping modern employment practices. The chapter discusses the jurisdictional complexities of employment law, detailing federal and provincial regulations that prohibit discrimination based on race, sex/gender, disability, and other characteristics. Legal frameworks (e.g., the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Canadian Human Rights Act, and the Employment Equity Act) define bias and fairness in employment testing. Key court case decisions illustrate legal principles guiding test validity and adverse impact. We also examine professional guidelines, burden of proof requirements, regulatory oversight, and emerging challenges such as AI-driven assessments and balancing validity with diversity. The legal landscape continues to evolve, with growing emphasis on fairness, transparency, and inclusion.
Keywords
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Global Perspectives on the Definition, Assessment, and Reduction of Bias and Unfairness in Employment Testing , pp. 88 - 109Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2025
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