Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 August 2025
The theory of binary quadratic forms is one of the most cherished mathematical flowers. We shall give its account without any compromise but plainly as much as possible, so that readers will, in particular, acquire the real ability to solve the problem of representing given integers by a given quadratic form. Historically, the theory of quadratic forms prepared the theory of quadratic number fields and beyond through the composition and genus theory. In this chapter, such a viewpoint is carefully attended while using only integers and matrix modules, i.e., without entering into algebraic number theory. This chapter offers an indispensable experience and materials before moving to higher modern algebraic number theory as well as into advanced analytic number theory.
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