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Chapter 4 - ‘Scots for the Masses’?

Utilising a Novel Data-Analysis Facility to Statistically Explore Late Modern Scots in the Digitised Chapbooks Collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2025

Mikko Laitinen
Affiliation:
University of Eastern Finland
Paula Rautionaho
Affiliation:
University of Eastern Finland
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Summary

By 1700, written Scots had largely disappeared from most printed text types. However, chapbooks – cheap booklets sold on the street from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries (Fox 2020: 386) – may have promoted Scots usage given their wide appeal, audience, and topic range. Thanks to the National Library of Scotland, a recently digitised collection of Scottish chapbooks has been made available to the public, representing a novel and invaluable resource that has not yet seen quantitative, linguistic analysis. To explore this under-researched time period and medium, we utilise the defoe tool (Filgueira Vicente et al. 2020b) to extract a large number of variable Scots tokens for statistical analysis. Our results indicate the persistence and prevalence of Scots features in imaginative prose, but also local news, which aligns with both historical and contemporary findings (Donaldson 1989a,b; Cruickshank 2017; Shoemark et al. 2017b) and suggests the continuity of Scots in print.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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