Part I was dedicated to the understanding of the data commodification phenomenon. Based on the seminal work of Radin on commodification, I designed a data commodification spectrum, ranging from data complete commodification to data complete non-commodification. To do that, I adapted the ‘commodification indicia‘ to the specificities of data commodification, leading to four ‘data-commodification indicia‘. They pertain to the identification of the commodity – and thus the relevant resource and object at stake, the identification of the relevant actors, of the relevant framework and, finally, of the value(s) at stake. To form the data commodification spectrum, I clustered data governance normative arguments where I could identify a significant portion of the literature as falling into the ‘efficient data market paradigm‘ while the ‘fair data market paradigm‘ is also a prominent portion of the debate – with internal variations. Other than that, I could find no consistent and well-developed paradigm. I analyzed the data commons literature, yet a rather immature and scattered one but full of teachings. An element learned from the data commons literature that bears significance for the present book is the conscious deliberation over what should be considered as the relevant resource that contrasts with the focus on ‘data‘ (and data only) in both the efficient and the fair data markets paradigms. Finally, I identified a burgeoning cluster that I referred to as ‘societal data governance‘ that essentially draws data governance conclusions from the characterization of data commodification as a key and problematic element of data capitalism.