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Chapter 33 - Myofascial Pain Syndrome

from Part VI - Misc

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2023

By
Cyrus Yazdi
Edited by
Omar Viswanath  and
Ivan Urits
Omar Viswanath
Affiliation:
Creighton University, Omaha
Ivan Urits
Affiliation:
Southcoast Brain & Spine Center, Wareham
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Summary

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by localized, taut regions comprising of skeletal muscle and fascia, termed trigger points and is an increasingly prevalent complaint. Pharmacologic interventions with evidence to support their use in MPS include muscle relaxants such as benzodiazepines, tizanidine, and cyclobenzaprine; TCAs; topical agents such as diclofenac gel and lidocaine patches; and injection therapy of botulinum toxin or lidocaine. MPS is poorly understood and remains a challenging condition to treat. Nonpharmacologic treatment modalities such as acupuncture, massage, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, and interferential current therapy may offer relief to some patients with MPS. Additional studies are warranted to get a better understanding of managing myofascial pain.

Keywords

myofascial pain syndrometrigger pointschronic painmusculoskeletal paindry needling
Type
Chapter
Information
Cambridge Handbook of Pain Medicine , pp. 261 - 278
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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