Book contents
- Cambridge Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
- Cambridge Guides to the Psychological Therapies
- Reviews
- Cambridge Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Foreword
- A Note from the Series Editor
- Part I An Overview of the Model
- Part II Putting the Model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy into Practice
- Part III Application and Adaptations for Mental Health Presentations
- Chapter 9 Adaptations of the Original Model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- Chapter 10 Anxiety Disorders
- Chapter 11 Specific Phobias
- Chapter 12 Panic Disorder
- Chapter 13 Social Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 14 Generalised Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 15 Obsessive Compulsive or Related Disorders
- Chapter 16 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Chapter 17 Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Chapter 18 Illness Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 19 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- Chapter 20 Depression
- Chapter 21 CBT for Psychosis and Complex Mental Health (PCMH)
- Part IV Application of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Different Populations and Settings
- Index
- References
Chapter 12 - Panic Disorder
from Part III - Application and Adaptations for Mental Health Presentations
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 November 2025
Foreword by
Book contents
- Cambridge Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
- Cambridge Guides to the Psychological Therapies
- Reviews
- Cambridge Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Foreword
- A Note from the Series Editor
- Part I An Overview of the Model
- Part II Putting the Model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy into Practice
- Part III Application and Adaptations for Mental Health Presentations
- Chapter 9 Adaptations of the Original Model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- Chapter 10 Anxiety Disorders
- Chapter 11 Specific Phobias
- Chapter 12 Panic Disorder
- Chapter 13 Social Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 14 Generalised Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 15 Obsessive Compulsive or Related Disorders
- Chapter 16 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Chapter 17 Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Chapter 18 Illness Anxiety Disorder
- Chapter 19 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- Chapter 20 Depression
- Chapter 21 CBT for Psychosis and Complex Mental Health (PCMH)
- Part IV Application of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Different Populations and Settings
- Index
- References
Summary
The chapter will help you to be able to explain what panic disorder is and how it typically presents, including unexpected panic attacks, and subsequent fear and attempted avoidance of further attacks, describe and use evidence-based CBT protocols for panic disorder, choose and use appropriate formulation models for CBT for panic disorder, describe the importance of using exposure to panic symptoms in any treatment plan, develop a treatment plan for CBT for panic disorder, using appropriate measures, and take account of comorbidity in managing CBT for panic disorder
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Cambridge Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) , pp. 104 - 119Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2025
References
Further Reading
Clark, DM, Salkovskis, PM. Panic disorder. Hawton, K, Salkovskis, PM, Kirk, J, Clark, DM (Eds.), Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: A Practical Guide [Internet]. 2009 [accessed 21 November 2024]; https://oxcadatresources.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Cognitive-Therapy-for-Panic-Disorder_IAPT-Manual.pdf.Google Scholar
Craske, MG, Barlow, DH. Mastery of Your Anxiety and Panic: Therapist Guide. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.Google Scholar
References
Brown, TA, Cash, TF. The phenomenon of nonclinical panic: Parameters of panic, fear, and avoidance. J Anxiety Disord. 1990;4(1):15–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, GR, Dorward, J, Cox, BJ. Factors associated with panic attacks in nonclinical subjects. Behav Ther. 1986;17(3):239–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, RC, Chiu, WT, Demler, O, Walters, EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):617–627.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Berglund, P, Demler, O, Jin, R, Merikangas, KR, Walters, EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):593–602.10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eaton, WW, Kessler, RC, Wittchen, HU, Magee, WJ. Panic and panic disorder in the United States. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151(3):413–420.Google ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Chiu, WT, Jin, R, Ruscio, AM, Shear, K, Walters, EE. The epidemiology of panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia in the national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63(4):415–424.10.1001/archpsyc.63.4.415CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shear, MK, Brown, TA, Barlow, DH, Money, R, Sholomskas, DE, Woods, SW, et al. Multicenter collaborative panic disorder severity scale. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154(11):1571–1575.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shear, MK, Rucci, P, Williams, J, Frank, E, Grochocinski, V, Vander Bilt, J, et al. Reliability and validity of the panic disorder severity scale: Replication and extension. J Psychiatr Res. 2001;35(5):293–296.10.1016/S0022-3956(01)00028-0CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chambless, DL, Caputo, GC, Jasin, SE, Gracely, EJ, Williams, C. The mobility inventory for agoraphobia. Behav Res Ther. 1985;23(1):35–44.10.1016/0005-7967(85)90140-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chambless, DL, Sharpless, BA, Rodriguez, D, McCarthy, KS, Milrod, BL, Khalsa, SR, et al. Psychometric properties of the mobility inventory for agoraphobia: Convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity. Behav Ther. 2011;42(4):689–699.10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
OxCADAT Resources [Internet]. 2018 [accessed 11 January 2025]. OxCADAT Resources for cognitive therapy for PTSD, social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Panic Disorder Questionnaires and Therapy Materials. https://oxcadatresources.com/panic-disorder-questionnaires-and-therapy-materials/.Google Scholar
Charney, DS, Heninger, GR, Breier, A. Noradrenergic function in panic anxiety: Effects of yohimbine in healthy subjects and patients with agoraphobia and panic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984;41(8):751–763.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheehan, DV. Should not panic disorders be classified as panic disorders, with or without agoraphobia, rather than agoraphobia, with or without panic attacks (as in DSM-III)? J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1982;2(6):18s.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Venkatesh, A, Pauls, DL, Crowe, R, Noyes, R, Van Valkenburg, C, Martins, JB, et al. Mitral valve prolapse in anxiety neurosis (panic disorder). Am Heart J. 1980;100(3):302–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pariser, SF, Pinta, ER, Jones, BA. Mitral valve prolapse syndrome and anxiety neurosis/panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1978;135(2):246–247.Google ScholarPubMed
Jacob, RG. Panic disorder and the vestibular system. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1988;11(2):361–374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacob, RG, Møller, MB, Turner, SM, Wall, C. Otoneurological examination in panic disorder and agoraphobia wih panic attacks: A pilot study. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;142(6):715–720.Google Scholar
Klein, DF. False suffocation alarms, spontaneous panics, and related conditions: An integrative hypothesis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993;50(4):306–317.10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820160076009CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klein, DF. Delineation of two drug-responsive anxiety syndromes. Psychopharmacologia. 1964;5(6):397–408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klein, E, Metz, L. Differential drug response of panic and agoraphobic avoidance in a case of panic disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990;82(1):86–87.10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01362.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouinard, G, Annable, L, Fontaine, R, Solyom, L. Alprazolam in the treatment of generalized anxiety and panic disorders: A double-blind placebo-controlled study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1982;77(3):229–233.10.1007/BF00464571CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marks, I, Gelder, M. A controlled retrospective study of behaviour therapy in phobic patients. Br J Psychiatry. 1965;111(476):561–573.10.1192/bjp.111.476.561CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barlow, DH, Craske, MG, Cerny, JA, Klosko, JS. Behavioral treatment of panic disorder. Behav Ther. 1989;20(2):261–282.10.1016/S0005-7894(89)80073-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craske, MG, Brown, TA, Barlow, DH. Behavioral treatment of panic disorder: A two-year follow-up. Behav Ther. 1991;22(3):289–304.10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80367-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, DM. A cognitive approach to panic. Behav Res Ther. 1986;24(4):461–470.10.1016/0005-7967(86)90011-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salkovskis, PM. Phenomenology, assessment and the cognitive model of panic. In: S Rachman, JD Maser (Eds.), Panic: Psychological Perspectives [Internet]. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates; 1988. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LhFsAAAAMAAJ.Google Scholar
Clark, DM, Salkovskis, PM, Hackmann, A, Middleton, H, Anastasiades, P, Gelder, M. A comparison of cognitive therapy, applied relaxation and imipramine in the treatment of panic disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;164(6):759–769.10.1192/bjp.164.6.759CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Papola, D, Ostuzzi, G, Tedeschi, F, Gastaldon, C, Purgato, M, Giovane, CD, et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Psychiatry. 2022;221(3):507–519.10.1192/bjp.2021.148CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder in adults: management [Internet]. 2020, p. 47. Report No.: CG113. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg113/resources/generalised-anxiety-disorder-and-panic-disorder-in-adults-management-pdf-35109387756997.Google Scholar
Clark, DM, Salkovskis, PM. Panic disorder. K Hawton, PM Salkovskis, J Kirk, DM Clark (Eds.), Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: A Practical Guide [Internet]. 2009 [accessed 24 November 2024]; https://oxcadatresources.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Cognitive-Therapy-for-Panic-Disorder_IAPT-Manual.pdf.Google Scholar
Craske, MG, Barlow, DH. Mastery of Your Anxiety and Panic: Therapist Guide. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.Google Scholar
Craske, MG, Barlow, DH. Mastery of Your Anxiety and Panic: Therapist Guide. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2022.Google Scholar
Roth, A, Pilling, S. The CBT competencies framework for depression and anxiety disorders. Lond UK Cent Outcome Res Eval. 2007.Google Scholar
Hool, N, Bennett, R, Corrie, S, Cox, A, Curran, J, French, S, et al. BABCP Core Curriculum [Internet]. Bury: British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies; 2021 p. 27. https://babcp.com/Core-Curriculum.Google Scholar
Clark, DM, Salkovskis, PM, Hackmann, A, Wells, A, Ludgate, J, Gelder, M. Brief cognitive therapy for panic disorder: A randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999;67(4):583–589.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barlow, DH, Craske, MG. Mastery of Your Anxiety and Panic: Workbook. 4th ed. New York; Oxford University Press; 2007.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2022.10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Accessibility standard: Unknown
Why this information is here
This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.Accessibility Information
Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown
and may be updated in the future.