Neuropathology of Dementia

doi:10.1017/9781108985055.004

Chapter 4 - Neuropathology of Dementia

from Section 1 - Introductory Chapters on Dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 November 2025

Eun-Joo Kim ,

Sarat Vatsavayai and

William W. Seeley

Edited by

Bruce L. Miller and

Bradley F. Boeve

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Bruce L. Miller: Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco
Bradley F. Boeve: Affiliation:
Mayo Clinic, Minnesota

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Summary

This chapter discusses the neuropathology of dementia, focusing on the degenerative dementia syndromes commonly encountered by dementia specialists. It highlights the concept of selective vulnerability, where specific neuron types in specific brain regions decline and die, leading to progressive dysfunction. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia, characterized by neurofibrillary pathology and the presence of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are also discussed, along with their respective clinical features and underlying pathology. The chapter emphasizes the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases and the need for more integrative models to understand their pathogenesis and develop effective therapies.

Keywords

selective vulnerability Alzheimer’s disease amyloid tau Lewy body disease frontotemporal dementia syndromes limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE)traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES)Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD)frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)

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Type: Chapter
Information: The Behavioral Neurology of Dementia , pp. 42 - 74

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108985055.004 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2025

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