Baker Library Special Collections and Archives, Harvard Business School Jay Cooke & Co. records Series XVI. George C. Thomas Letters, 1867–1873.Google Scholar

Bank of England, Statistics.Google Scholar

Bank of England. Changes in Bank Rate, Minimum Lending Rate, Minimum Band 1 Dealing Rate, Repo Rate and Official Bank Rate, 1694–2009. Bank of England, United Kingdom.Google Scholar

Banque de France. Committee on Books and Portfolios, 1907, Directors’ meeting minutes.Google Scholar

Belmont Archives, Columbia University in the City of New York. NY New York.Google Scholar

Boston Globe.Google Scholar

Bowman, Michelle. April 3, 2024. Bank Liquidity, Regulation, and the Fed’s Role as Lender of Last Resort. At the Roundtable on the Lender of Last Resort: The 2023 Banking Crisis and COVID, sponsored by the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, Washington, DC. www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bowman20240403a.htmGoogle Scholar

Commercial and Financial Chronicle (CFC), various volumes.Google Scholar

Comptroller of the Currency, various reports.Google Scholar

Congressional Record containing the proceedings and debates of the 53rd Congress, Third session, Vol. 28, p. 2384. Washington, GPO, 1895, Senators Aldrich and Vilas.Google Scholar

Correspondence, JPM to JSM 1857 folder, The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

Dabney, Morgan & Co. archives at Morgan Grenfell archives, City of London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

Dabney, Morgan & Co. archives at Morgan Grenfell archives, City of London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

Dept of Commerce and Labor Bureau of Statistics Bulletin No. 12-Seried 1906–1907.Google Scholar

Draghi, Mario. 26 July 2012. Global Investment Conference, London; European Central Bank Eurosystem, www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2012/html/sp120726.en.htmlGoogle Scholar

Duncan, Sherman & Co. archives at Morgan Grenfell archives, City of London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

Economist, The, various volumes.Google Scholar

Everybody’s Magazine.Google Scholar

Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council.Google Scholar

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. FRASER Database.Google Scholar

George F. Baker archives, Baker Library, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA.Google Scholar

Grover Cleveland archives, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.Google Scholar

Herbert Satterlee papers, The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

J. P. Morgan & Co., General Ledgers. The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

J. P. Morgan & Co., Correspondence, Private. The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

J. P. Morgan & Co., Vincent Carosso Files, The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

J. S. Morgan & Co., Morgan Grenfell archives, London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

Letter press book, J. P. Morgan letters to J. S. Morgan & Co. London, The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

Measuring Worth. On www.eh.net, the website of the Economic History Association.Google Scholar

Morgan Grenfell & Co., Letter book, J. S. Morgan & Co., City of London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

Morgan Grenfell & Co., Private Telegrams, J.S. Morgan & Co., City of London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK.Google Scholar

New York Sun.Google Scholar

New York Times.Google Scholar

New York Tribune.Google Scholar

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). Annual Reports of the Comptroller of the Currency.Google Scholar

Poor’s Manual of the Railroads. Ready Reference Bond – List of Leading Steam Railroads in the United State. Compiled from Official Returns to Poor’s Manual, Amount outstanding as of June 30, 1907.Google Scholar

Rockland County Journal.Google Scholar

Rothschild Archives, Letters Books, Rothschild Bank, New Court, London.Google Scholar

Saturday Evening Post.Google Scholar

Senate Committee on Finance Investigation of the Sale of Bonds during the years, 1894, 1895 and 1896 under Resolution of the Senate of May 7, 1896. Hearings beginning May 12, 1896. 54th Congress, Second session. Senate Document 187. Washington, GPO.Google Scholar

State of the Union Message, James Buchanan December 8, 1857, The American Presidency Project, UC Santa Barbara retrieved April 3, 2024, www.presidency.ucsb.edu/aboutGoogle Scholar

Strong, Benjamin. Letter to Thomas Lamont 1924, Federal Reserve Bank New York.Google Scholar

Syndicate Books, Drexel Morgan & Co, The Morgan Library and Museum, New York, NY.Google Scholar

Syndicate Books, J. P. Morgan & Co., The Morgan Museum and Library, New York, NY.Google Scholar

The Industrial Commission Washington, DC, 1901–1902.Google Scholar

The Spectator.Google Scholar

The Statutes at Large of the United States of America.Google Scholar

The Times of London.Google Scholar

United States House of Representatives, Money Trust Investigation (Washington GPO: 1913).Google Scholar

United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Relation to the absorption of the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company by the United States Steel Corporation, Washington GPO, 1909.Google Scholar

US Treasury, from Gold in US Treasury (M1437AUSM144NNBR in FRASERGoogle Scholar

Virginia Chronicle.Google Scholar

Allen, Frederick Lewis. The Great Pierpont Morgan. Harper and Brothers, 1949.Google Scholar

Allen, Frederick Lewis. “Aggregate lessons from the regional effects of the 1896 us presidential election.” Review of Economics and Statistics 102.3 (2020): 600–616.Google Scholar

Allen, W. H. “What caused the Panic.” The Sewanee Review 16.1 (1908): 85–103.Google Scholar

Andrew, A. Piatt. “Substitutes for cash in the panic of 1907.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 22.4 (1908): 497–516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andrew, A. Piatt. “Statistics of the United States 1867–1909.” National Monetary Commission. Washington GPO, 1910.Google Scholar

Axelrod, Robert, and Hamilton, William D.. “The evolution of cooperation.” Science 211.4489 (1981): 1390–1396.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bagehot, Walter. Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market. Scribner, 1873.Google Scholar

Bair, Sheila. Bull by the Horns: Fighting to Save Main Street from Wall Street and Wall Street from Itself. Simon and Schuster, 2013.Google Scholar

Banerjee, Asha. “The first modern bailout: The Barings crisis of 1890 and the Bank of England.” Undergraduate Thesis, Columbia University, 2017.Google Scholar

Baskin, Jonathan., Barron, Nathaniel, and Miranti, Paul J. Jr. A History of Corporate Finance. Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Bazot, Guillaume, Bordo, Michael D., and Monnet, Eric. “International shocks and the balance sheet of the Bank of France under the classical gold standard.” Explorations in Economic History 62 (2016): 87–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Beatty, Randolph P., and Ritter, Jay R.. “Investment banking, reputation, and the underpricing of initial public offerings.” Journal of Financial Economics 15.1–2 (1986): 213–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Benmelech, Efraim, and Bordo, Michael. “The financial crisis of 1873 and 19th century American corporate governance.” Working paper, Harvard University, 2007.Google Scholar

Benveniste, Lawrence M., Busaba, Walid Y., and Wilhelm, William J. Jr. “Information externalities and the role of underwriters in primary equity markets.” Journal of Financial Intermediation 11.1 (2002): 61–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bernanke, Ben, et al., eds. First Responders: Inside the U.S. Strategy for Fighting the 2007–2009 Global Financial Crisis. Yale University Press, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bignon, Vincent, and Flandreau, Marc. The Other Way: A Narrative History of the Bank of France. Sveriges Riksbank, 2013.Google Scholar

Blagg, Michele. “Gold refining in London: The end of the rainbow, 1919–22.”Google Scholar

Blagg, Michele. “NM Rothschild & Sons and the Royal Mint Refinery, London” in Jacobson, Tor and Waldenstrom, Danial (eds.), Sveriges Riksbank and the History of Central Banking. Cambridge University Press, 2017.Google Scholar

Bloomfield, Arthur I. Monetary Policy under the International Gold Standard: 1880–1914. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1959.Google Scholar

Bodenhorn, Howard. State Banking in early America: A New Economic History. Oxford University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bordo, Michael D. “The lender of last resort: Alternative views and historical experience.” Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, Economic Review (1990): 18–29.Google Scholar

Bordo, Michael D. “An historical perspective on the quest for financial stability and the monetary policy regime.” The Journal of Economic History 78.2 (2018): 319–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bordo, Michael D., and Wheelock, David C.. “The promise and performance of the Federal Reserve as lender of last resort 1914–1933. No. w16763.” National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bordo, Michael D., and Kydland, Finn E.. “The gold standard as a rule: An essay in exploration.” Explorations in Economic History 32.4 (1995): 423–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bordo, Michael D., and Jeanne, Olivier. “Boom-busts in asset prices, economic instability, and monetary policy.” CEPR Discussion Papers 3398, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bordo, Michael D., and Roberds, William, eds. The Origins, History, and Future of the Federal Reserve: A Return to Jekyll Island. Cambridge University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bott, S. The Global Gold Market and the International Monetary System from the Late 19th Century to the Present: Actors, Networks, Power. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, pp. 88–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Brewer, H. Peers. The Emergence of the Trust Company in New York City 1870–1900. Routledge, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Broz, J. Lawrence. The International Origins of the Federal Reserve System. Cornell University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Broz, J. Lawrence. “Political system transparency and monetary commitment regimes.” International Organization 56.4 (2002): 861–887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bruner, Robert F., and Carr, Sean D.. The Panic of 1907: Heralding a New Era of Finance, Capitalism, and Democracy, second edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Buchanan, James. “An economic theory of clubs.” Economica, 1965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Burk, Kathleen. Morgan Grenfell 1838–1988: The Biography of a Merchant Bank. Oxford University Press Catalogue, 1989.Google Scholar

Burr, Anna Robeson Brown. The Portrait of a Banker: James Stillman, 1850–1918. Vol. 25. Duffield and Co., 1927.Google Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W. “The costs of rejecting universal banking: American finance in the German mirror, 1870–1914.” Coordination and Information: Historical Perspectives on the Organization of Enterprise. University of Chicago Press, 1995, 257–322.Google Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W., and Schweikart, Larry. “The panic of 1857: Origins, transmission, and containment.” The Journal of Economic History 51.4 (1991): 807–834.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W., and Haber, Stephen. Fragile by Design: The Political Origins of Banking Crises and Scarce Credit. Princeton University Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W., Flandreau, Marc, and Laeven, Luc. “Political foundations of the lender of last resort: A global historical narrative.” Journal of Financial Intermediation 28 (2016): 48–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W., Jaremski, Matthew, Park, Haelim, and Richardson, Gary. Liquidity risk, bank networks, and the value of joining the Federal Reserve System. No. w21684. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cannon, James G. “Clearing House Methods and Practices.” Document 491, National Monetary Commission, 1910.Google Scholar

Carhart, E. R. “The New York produce exchange.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 38.2 (1911): 206–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carlson, Mark. “Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893.” Explorations in Economic History 42.1 (2005): 56–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carlson, Mark, and Wheelock, David C.. “Interbank markets and banking crises: New evidence on the establishment and impact of the federal reserve.” American Economic Review 106.5 (2016): 533–537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P. Investment Banking in America: A History. Harvard University Press, 1970 and reprint 2013.Google Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P., and Carosso, Rose C.. The Morgans: Private International Bankers, 1854–1913. No. 38. Harvard University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Chernow, Ron. The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance. Grove/Atlantic, Inc., 1990.Google Scholar

Chernow, Ron. Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. Vintage, 2007.Google Scholar

Chorley, E. Clowes. “‘J. Pierpont Morgan, An Intimate Portrait.’ By Herbert L. Satterlee (Book Review).” Anglican and Episcopal History 10.1 (1941): 67Google Scholar

Clark, Truman A. “Violations of the gold points, 1890–1908.” Journal of Political Economy 92 (October 1984): 791–823.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cohen, Naomi Wiener. Jacob H. Schiff: A Study in American Jewish Leadership. University Press of New England, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Collins, Michael. “The Langton papers: Banking and Bank of England policy in the 1830s.” Economica 39.153 (1972): 47–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Corey, Lewis. The House of Morgan: A Social Biography of the Masters of Money. G. Howard Watt, 1930.Google Scholar

Corwin, Shane A., and Schultz, Paul. “The role of IPO underwriting syndicates: Pricing, information production, and underwriter competition.” The Journal of Finance 60.1 (2005): 443–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Davies, Hannah Catherine. Transatlantic Speculations: Globalization and the Panics of 1873. Columbia University Press, 2018Google Scholar

De Kerbrech, Richard P. Ships of the White Star Line. Ian Allan, 2009, pp. 120–121.Google Scholar

DeKnight, W. and Tillman, J. F.. History of the Currency of the Country and of the Loans of the United States from the earliest Period to June 30, 1900. Washington, GPO, 1900.Google Scholar

DeLong, J. Bradford. “Did J. P. Morgan’s men add value? An economist’s perspective on financial capitalism.” Inside the Business Enterprise: Historical Perspectives on the Use of Information, Peter Temin, ed. University of Chicago Press, 1991, pp. 205–250.Google Scholar

Dewey, Davis Rich. Financial History of the United States. Longmans, Green and Company, 1922.Google Scholar

Dewing, Arthur Stone. A History of the National Cordage Company: With a Supplement Containing Copies of Important Documents. Harvard University Press, 1913.Google Scholar

Donaldson, R. Glenn. “The sources of panics: Evidence from the weekly data.” The Journal of Monetary Economics 31 (1992): 277–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dunn, Jason, and Wheelock, David C.. “National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864.” July 2022 Federal Reserve History, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.Google Scholar

Eccles, Robert G., and Crane, Dwight B.. “Doing Deals: Investment Banks at Work.” Harvard Business School Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Ellis, Charles D., and Vertin, James R.. Wall Street People: True Stories of the Great Barons of Finance. Vol. 2. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.Google Scholar

Faulkner, Harold. Politics Reform and Expansion. Harper & Brothers, 1959.Google Scholar

Ferguson, Niall. The World’s Banker: The History of the House of Rothschild. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1998.Google Scholar

Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission. The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report: The Final Report of the National Commission on the Causes of the Financial and Economic Crisis in the United States, Including Dissenting Views. Cosimo, Inc., 2011.Google Scholar

Fischer, Stanley. “On the need for an international lender of last resort.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13.4 (1999): 85–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flandreau, Marc. The Glitter of Gold: France, Bimetallism, and the Emergence of the International Gold Standard, 1848–1873. Oxford University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flandreau, Marc, and Flores, Juan H.. “Bondholders versus bond-sellers? Investment banks and conditionality lending in the London market for foreign government debt, 1815–1913.” European Review of Economic History 16.4 (2012): 356–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flores, Juan H. “Information asymmetries and conflict of interest during the Baring crisis, 1880–18901.” Financial History Review 18.2 (2011): 191–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fohlin, Caroline, Gehrig, Thomas, and Haas, Marlene. “Rumors and runs in opaque markets: Evidence from panic of 1907.” CESifo Working Paper Series 6048, CESifo, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Friedman, Milton, and Schwartz, Anna Jacobson. A Monetary History of the United States, 1867–1960. NBER, 1963, Vol. 14. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Frydman, Carola, and Hilt, Eric. “Investment banks as corporate monitors in the early twentieth century United States.” American Economic Review 107.7 (2017): 1938–1970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frydman, Carola, Hilt, Eric, and Zhou, Lily. “Economic effects of runs on early ‘Shadow Banks’: Trust companies and the impact of the panic of 1907.” Journal of Political Economy 123.4 (2015): 902–940.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fulford, Scott L., and Schwartzman, Felipe. “The benefits of commitment to a currency peg: Aggregate lessons from the regional effects of the 1896 US presidential election.” Review of Economics and Statistics 102.3 (2020): 600–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gete, Pedro, and Melkadze, Givi. “A quantitative model of international lending of last resort.” Journal of International Economics 123 (2020): 103290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Giedeman, Daniel. “J. P. Morgan, the Clayton Antitrust Act, and Industrial Finance-Constraints in the Early Twentieth Century.” Essays in Economic & Business History 22 (2004): 111–126.Google Scholar

Goodhart, Charles A. E., and Huang, Haizhou. “The lender of last resort.” Journal of Banking & Finance 29.5 (2005): 1059–1082.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gorton, Gary B., and Metrick, Andrew. “The federal reserve and panic prevention: The roles of financial regulation and lender of last resort.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 27.4 (2013): 45–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gorton, Gary B., and Tallman, Ellis W.. Fighting Financial Crises. University of Chicago Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hall, Henry, ed. America’s Successful Men of Affairs: The City of New York, An Encyclopedia of Contemporaneous Biography, Vols. I and 2, The New York Tribune, 1895.Google Scholar

Hammond, Bray. Banks and Politics in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War. Princeton University Press, 1957.Google Scholar

Hanes, Christopher, and Rhode, Paul W.. “Harvests and financial crises in gold standard America.” The Journal of Economic History 73.1 (2013): 201–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hanna, John. “The Knickerbocker Trust Company: A Study in Receivership.” Temple Law Quarterly V.3 (April 1931): 341.Google Scholar

Hansen, Bradley. “A failure of regulation? Reinterpreting the panic of 1907.” The Business History Review 88 3 (2014): 545–569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hautcoeur, Pierre-Cyrille, Riva, Angelo, and White, Eugene N.. “Floating a “lifeboat”: The Banque de France and the crisis of 1889.” Journal of Monetary Economics 65 (2014): 104–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hidy, Ralph W. “The organization and functions of Anglo-American merchant bankers, 1815–1860.” The Journal of Economic History 1.S1 (1941): 53–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hidy, Ralph W. “Cushioning a crisis in the London money market.” Business History Review 20.5 (1946): 131–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hilt, Eric, and Liang, Katherine. “Andrew Jackson’s Bank War and the Panic of 1837.” Harvard University, Working paper, February 14, 2020.Google Scholar

Homer, Sidney, and Sylla, Richard Eugene. A History of Interest Rates. Rutgers University Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Horn, Martin. J. P. Morgan & Co. and the Crisis of Capitalism. Cambridge University Press, 2022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hovey, Carl. The Life Story of J. Pierpont Morgan. Sturgis and Walton Co., 1912.Google Scholar

Hoyt, Jr., Edwin P. The House of Morgan. Dodd, Mead & Co., 1966.Google Scholar

Humphrey, Thomas M. Lender of Last Resort: The Concept in History. Routledge, 2006, pp. 287–302.Google Scholar

Huston, James L. “Western Grains and the Panic of 1857.” Agricultural History 57.1 (1983): 14–32.Google Scholar

Hutcheson, Austin E. “Philadelphia and the Panic of 1857.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 3.3 (1936): 182–194.Google Scholar

Jacobson, Margaret M., and Tallman, Ellis W.. “Liquidity provision during the crisis of 1914: Private and public sources.” Journal of Financial Stability 17 (2015): 22–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jalil, Andrew J. “A new history of banking panics in the United States, 1825–1929: Construction and implications.” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 7.3 (2015): 295–330.Google Scholar

James, John A., and Weiman, David F.. “From drafts to checks: The evolution of correspondent banking networks and the formation of the modern U.S. payments system, 1850–1914.” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 42.2/3 (2010): 237–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Karn, Darren and Martin, Joe. The Forgotten Credit Crisis of 1907: Case Study for the Rotman School of Management. Governing Council of the University of Toronto, 2014, pp. 1–19.Google Scholar

Kent, Frank Richardson. The Story of Alexander Brown & Sons. Alex. Brown & Sons, 1925.Google Scholar

Kindleberger, Charles Poor. Historical Economics: Art or Science? University of California Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Kinley, David. The History, Organization, and Influence of the Independent Treasury of the United States. TY Crowell & Company, 1893.Google Scholar

Klein, Maury. The Great Richmond Terminal: A Study in Businessmen and Business Strategy. University of Virginia Press, 1970.Google Scholar

Knodell, Jane Ellen. The Second Bank of the United States: “Central” Banker in an era of Nation-building, 1816–1836. Routledge, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kynaston, David. The City of London Volume 2: Golden Years 1890–1914. Random House, 2015.Google Scholar

Lamoreaux, Naomi R. The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895–1904. Cambridge University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Landes, David. Bankers and Pashas: International Finance and Economic Imperialism in Egypt. Cambridge University Press, 1958.Google Scholar

Larson, Henrietta M. Jay Cooke, Private Banker. Harvard University Press, 1936.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Laughlin, J. Laurence. “The Aldrich-Vreeland Act.” Journal of Political Economy 16.8 (1908): 489–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lehman-Wilzig, Sam N. “The House of Rothschild: Prototype of the transnational organization.” Jewish Social Studies 40.3/4 (1978): 251–270.Google Scholar

Levy, Jonathan. “Accounting for profit and the history of capital.” Critical Historical Studies 1.2 (2014): 171–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mandelker, Gershon, and Raviv, Arthur. “Investment banking: An economic analysis of optimal underwriting contracts.” The Journal of Finance 32.3 (1977): 683–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Meade, Edward Sherwood. “The work of the promoter.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 20.3 (1902): 85–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Meade, Edward Sherwood. Trust Finance: A Study of the Genesis, Organization, and Management of Industrial Combinations. D. Appleton, 1903.Google Scholar

Mitchener, Kris James, and Monnet, Eric. Connected lending of last resort. No. w30869. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Moen, Jon R. “Clearinghouses and payments networks” in Jobst, Clemens, and Ugolini, Stefano (eds.), Routledge Handbook of the History of Central Banking. Routledge (forthcoming).Google Scholar

Moen, Jon R., and Tallman, Ellis. “The Bank Panic of 1907: The role of trust companies.” The Journal of Economic History 60.1 (1992): 145–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Moen, Jon R., and Tallman, Ellis. “Liquidity creation without a Central Bank: Clearing House Loan Certificates in the Panic of 1907.” Journal of Financial Stability 2012: 277–291.Google Scholar

Moen, Jon R., and Rodgers, Mary Tone. “How J. P. Morgan picked the winners and losers in the panic of 1907: An exploration of the individual over the Institution as Lender of Last Resort.” Essays in Economic & Business History 40 (2022): 156–187.Google Scholar

Moen, Jon R., and Rodgers, Mary Tone. April 6, 2024, “J. P. Morgan: The making of a private lender of last resort, 1882–1896,” Paper presentation, Economic History Association Annual Conference 2024, Northumbria University, Newcastle UK.Google Scholar

Money Trust Investigation: Investigation of Financial and Monetary Conditions in the United States Under House Resolutions Nos. 429 and 504 Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Banking and Currency, House of Representatives, (1912–1913) 62nd Congress, 1911–1913. United States Government Printing Office 1913. Part 15.Google Scholar

Morris, Charles R. The Tycoons: How Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Jay Gould, and J. P. Morgan Invented the American Super-economy. Macmillan, 2006.Google Scholar

Myers, Margaret G. The New York Money Market: Volume I Origins and Development. Volume I. Columbia University Press 1931.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Myers, Margaret G. A Financial History of the United States. Columbia University Press, 1970.Google Scholar

Navin, Thomas R., and Sears, Marian V.. “The rise of a market for industrial securities, 1887–1902.” Business History Review 29.2 (1955): 105–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

NBER. U.S. Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions. NBER Public Use Data Archive (online).Google Scholar

Neal, Larry. “Trust companies and financial innovation, 1897–1914.” The Business History Review 45, no. 1 (1971): 35–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nevins, Allen. Grover Cleveland – A Study in Courage. Dodd, Mead, 1933.Google Scholar

Odell, Kerry A., and Weidenmier, Marc D.. “Real shock, monetary aftershock: The 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the panic of 1907.” The Journal of Economic History 64.4 (2004): 1002–1027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Officer, Lawrence. Between the Dollar-Sterling Gold Points. Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Oh, Hanna, Beck, Jeffrey M., Zhu, Pingping, Sommer, Mark A., Ferrari, Silvia, and Egner, Tobias. 2016. “Satisficing in split-second decision making is characterized by strategic cue discounting.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 42 (12): 1937–1956.Google ScholarPubMed

Ostrom, Elinor. Governing the Commons. Cambridge, 1990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pak, Susie J. Gentlemen Bankers: The World of J. P. Morgan. Harvard University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Perkins, Edwin J., and Levinson, Sherry. “Partnership accounting in a nineteenth century merchant banking house.” Accounting Historians Journal 7.1 (1980): 59–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pichler, Pegaret, and Wilhelm, William. “A theory of the syndicate: Form follows function.” The Journal of Finance 56.6 (2001): 2237–2264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pierce, Phyllis S., ed. The Dow Jones Averages, 1885–1985. Irwin Professional Publishing, 1986.Google Scholar

Porter, Patrick G. “Origins of the American Tobacco Company.” Business History Review 43.1 (1969): 59–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ramirez, Carlos D. “Did J. P. Morgan’s men add liquidity? Corporate investment, cash flow, and financial structure at the turn of the twentieth century.” The Journal of Finance 50.2 (1995): 661–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rich, Georg. “Canadian Bank, gold and the crisis of 1907.” Explorations in Economic History 26 (1989): 135–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Riddiough, Timothy J., and Thompson, Howard E.. “When prosperity merges into crisis: The decline and fall of Ohio Life and the Panic of 1857.” American Nineteenth Century History 19. 3 (2018): 289–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rock, Kevin. “Why new issues are underpriced.” Journal of Financial Economics 15.1–2 (1986): 187–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rockoff, Hugh. “New evidence on free banking in the United States.” The American Economic Review 75.4 (1985): 886–889.Google Scholar

Rockoff, Hugh. “Walter Bagehot and the theory of central banking.” The Lender of Last Resort. Routledge, 2006, pp. 423–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rockoff, Hugh. “It is always the shadow banks: The regulatory status of the banks that failed and ignited America’s greatest financial panics” in Rockoff, Hugh and Suto, Isao (eds.), Coping with Financial Crises: Some Lessons from Economic History, Springer, 2017, pp. 77–106.Google Scholar

Rodgers, Mary T. “German immigrants and J. P. Morgan’s securities underwriting syndicates (1879–1918)” in Berghoff, Hartmut and Spiekermann, Uwe (eds.), Immigrant Entrepreneurship 1720 to the present, 2015.Google Scholar

Rodgers, Mary T., and Payne, James E.. “How the Bank of France changed US equity expectations and ended the panic of 1907.” The Journal of Economic History 74.2 (2014): 420–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rodgers, Mary T., and Payne, James E.. “Monetary policy and the copper price bust: A reassessment of the causes of the 1907 panic.” Research in Economic History. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018, pp. 99–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rodgers, Mary T., and Payne, James E.. “Post‐financial crisis changes in financial system structure: An examination of the J. P. Morgan & Co. Syndicates after the 1907 panic.” Review of Financial Economics 38 (2020): 226–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rodgers, Mary T., and Wilson, Berry K.. “Systemic risk, missing gold flows and the panic of 1907.” Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 14.2 (2011): 158.Google Scholar

Rousseau, Peter L. “Jacksonian monetary policy, specie flows, and the panic of 1837.” The Journal of Economic History 62.2 (2002): 457–488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Satterlee, Herbert L. An Intimate Portrait 1837–1913. Macmillan, 1939.Google Scholar

Satterlee, Herbert L., and Morgan, J.. An Intimate Portrait 1837–1913. Macmillan, 1939.Google Scholar

Schularick, Moritz, and Taylor, Alan M.. “Credit booms gone bust: Monetary policy, leverage cycles, and financial crises, 1870–2008.” American Economic Review 102.2 (2012): 1029–1061.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Seligman, Edwin Robert Anderson, et al. The Currency Problem and the Present Financial Situation: A Series of Addresses Delivered at Columbia University, 1907–1908. Strauss, Albert of J. & W. Seligman, Gold movements and foreign exchanges. Columbia University Press, 1908, pp. 61–88.Google Scholar

Shakinovsky, Lynn. “The 1857 Financial Crisis and the Suspension of the 1844 Bank Act.” BRANCH Britain Representation and the Nineteenth-Century History. Ed. Dino Franco Felluga. March 2015. Branch Collective.orgGoogle Scholar

Shaw, Albert. “The War in South Africa.” The American Monthly Review of Reviews, Volume 21, p. 25. New York, NY, 1900.Google Scholar

Silber, William. When Washington Shut down Wall Street. Princeton University Press, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Simon, Matthew. “The Hot Money Movement and the private exchange pool proposal of 1896.” The Journal of Economic History 20.1 (1960): 31–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Simon, Matthew. “The Morgan-Belmont syndicate of 1895 and intervention in the foreign-exchange market.” Business History Review 42.4 (1968): 385–417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Smialek, Jeanna. “Limitless: The federal reserve takes on a new age of crisis.” (2023).Google Scholar

Snowden, David J., and Boone, Mary E.. 2007. “A leader’s framework for decision making.” Harvard Business Review 85.11: 68.Google ScholarPubMed

Song, Wei‐Ling. “Competition and coalition among underwriters: The decision to join a syndicate.” The Journal of Finance 59.5 (2004): 2421–2444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sprague, O. M. W. History of Crises under the National Banking System. Washington GPO, 1910.Google Scholar

Stover, John F. The Railroads of the South, 1865–1900: A Study in Finance and Control. University of North Carolina Press, 1955.Google Scholar

Strouse, Jean. Morgan: American Financier. Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2014.Google Scholar

Supple, Barry E. “A business elite: German-Jewish financiers in nineteenth-century New York.” Business History Review 31.2 (1957): 143–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Swain, Langdon. The Founding of Lawrence MA, September 12, 2016, retrieved April 3, 2024. https://kinsmenandkinswomen.com/2016/09/12/the-founding-of-lawrence-ma/Google Scholar

Sylla, Richard. “Federal policy, banking market structure, and capital mobilization in the United States, 1863–1913.” The Journal of Economic History 29.4 (1969): 657–686.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sylla, Richard. “U.S. securities markets and the banking system, 1790–1840.” Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis 80 (1998): 83–98.Google Scholar

Sylla, Richard. “Financial foundations: Public credit, the national bank, and securities markets.” Founding Choices: American Economic Policy in the 1790s. University of Chicago Press, 2010, pp. 59–88.Google Scholar

Sylla, Richard, Wright, Robert Eric, and Cowen, David J.. (2009). Alexander Hamilton, Central Banker: Crisis Management during the U.S. Financial Panic of 1792. Business History Review 83.1, pp. 61–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Temin, Peter. The Jacksonian Economy. Norton, 1969.Google Scholar

Thornton, Henry. An Inquiry into the Nature and Effects of the Paper Credit of Great Britain, 1802.Google Scholar

Timberlake, Richard H. “The independent treasury and monetary policy before the civil war.” Southern Economic Journal (1960): 92–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Timberlake, Richard H. Monetary Policy in the United States: An Intellectual and Institutional History. University of Chicago Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Toniolo, Gianni, and White, Eugene N.. The Evolution of the Financial Stability Mandate: From Its Origins to the Present Day. No. w20844. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.Google Scholar

Tracy, John E., and MacChesney, Alfred Brunson. “Securities Exchange Act of 1934.” Michigan Law Review 32 (1933): 1025–1068.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ugolini, Stefano. “The Bank of England as the World Gold Market Maker during the Classical Gold Standard Era, 1889–1910.” The Global Gold Market and the International Monetary System from the late 19th Century to the Present: Actors, Networks, Power. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013, pp. 64–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ugolini, Stefano. The Evolution of Central Banking: Theory and History. Springer, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ugolini, Stefano. “The historical evolution of central banking.” Handbook of the History of Money and Currency. Springer, 2020.Google Scholar

Vedoveli, Paula. “Information brokers and the making of the Baring crisis, 1857–1890.” Financial History Review 25.3 (2018): 357–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Weiss, Colin. “Contractionary Devaluation Risk: Evidence from the Free Silver Movement, 1878–1900.” Review of Economics and Statistics 102.4 (2020): 705–720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

White, Eugene N. The Regulation and Reform of the American Banking System, 1900–1929. Princeton University Press 1983.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

White, Eugene N. Rescuing a SIFI, Halting a Panic: The Barings Crisis of 1890. Bank Underground, Bank of England, 2016.Google Scholar

White, Eugene N. “Censored Success: How to Prevent a Banking Panic, the Barings Crisis of 1890 Revisited.” Washington Area Economic History Seminar, Washington, American University, 2018.Google Scholar

Wicker, Elmus. Banking Panics of the Gilded Age. Cambridge University Press, 2000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wicker, Elmus. The Great Debate on Banking Reform: Nelson Aldrich and the Origins of the Fed. Ohio State University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Wilson, Linus. “The Fed Funds Risk-Premium after the Silicon Valley Bank Run and the Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP).” Available working paper SSRN 4413362 (2023).Google Scholar

Wilson, Robert. “The theory of syndicates.” Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society 36.1 (1968): 119–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Winder, Gordon M. The American Reaper Harvesting Networks and Technology, 1830–1910.Google Scholar

Winder, Gordon M. The American Reaper: Harvesting Networks and Technology, 1830–1910. Routledge, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Winkler, John K. Morgan the Magnificent: The Life of J. Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913). Vanguard Press, 1930.Google Scholar

Winkler, John K. Tobacco Tycoon, The Story of James Buchanan Duke. Random House, 1942.Google Scholar

Woods, Philip H. Bath, Maine’s Charlie Morse: Ice King and Wall Street Scoundrel. The History Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Young, Bradley J. “Silver, discontent, and conspiracy: The ideology of the Western Republican revolt of 1890–1901.” Pacific Historical Review 64.2 (1995): 243–265CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Young, H. Peyton. 1993. “The Evolution of Conventions.” Econometrica 61 (1): 57–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Zeff, Stephen A. Evolution of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) Rice University.Google Scholar

Zeff, Stephen A. “Some junctures in the evolution of the process of establishing accounting principles in the USA: 1917–1972.” Accounting Review (1984): 447–468.Google Scholar