Within months of the arrival of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in France, a War Office Directive – No. 1968 of 15 October 1916 – directed that all troops enlisting in the Army undertake a fourteen-week standardised course of basic recruit training. This directive included all Dominion troops training in their own camps in the United Kingdom; and by early 1917, the British syllabus was incorporated as the core curriculum for training in the AIF’s depots in the United Kingdom. During the Great War, there was commonality in equipment, tactics and procedures among all British Empire infantry formations on the Western Front. Recruit training was the foundation of BEF infantry battlefield effectiveness, and the AIF recruit training process in England was entirely British. Standardisation underwrote the British Expeditionary Force’s (BEF) level of battlefield effectiveness during the second half of the Great War. This chapter details the significant physical and administrative resources allocated to establishing Australian recruit training schools on the Salisbury Plain between 1916 and 1918, and it emphasises that individual basic training in Wiltshire was elemental to the development of Australian infantry on the Western Front.